The DOI matches its Crossref record; 101 of the 102 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Quantitative Brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Anatomic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) have been limited by small samples or measurement of single brain regions. Since the neuropsychological deficits in ADHD implicate a network linking basal ganglia and frontal regions, 12 subcortical and cortical regions and their symmetries were measured to determine if these structures best distinguished ADHD. METHODS: Anatomic brain MRIs for 57 boys with ADHD and 55 healthy matched controls, aged 5 to 18 years, were obtained using a 1.5-T scanner with contiguous 2-mm sections. Volumetric measures of the cerebrum, caudate nucleus, putamen, globus pallidus, amygdala, hippocampus, temporal lobe, cerebellum; a measure of prefrontal cortex; and related right-left asymmetries were examined along with midsagittal area measures of the cerebellum and corpus callosum. Interrater reliabilities were .82 or greater for all MRI measures. RESULTS: Subjects with ADHD had a 4.7% smaller total cerebral volume (P = .02). Analysis of covariance for total cerebral volume demonstrated a significant loss of normal right > left asymmetry in the caudate (P = .006), smaller right globus pallidus (P = .005), smaller right anterior frontal region (P = .02), smaller cerebellum (P = .05), and reversal of normal lateral ventricular asymmetry (P = .03) in the ADHD group. The normal age-related decrease in caudate volume was not seen, and increases in lateral ventricular volumes were significantly diminished in ADHD. CONCLUSION: This first comprehensive morphometric analysis is consistent with hypothesized dysfunction of right-sided prefrontal-striatal systems in ADHD.
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“several (Berquin et al., 1998; Castellanos et al., 1996; Castellanos, 2001; Castellanos et al., 2002a; Hill et al., 2003), but not all (Durston et al., 2004; Filipek et al., 1997; Hynd et al., 1990; Mostofsky et al., 2002), studies report reduced whole brain size in children with ADHD.”
From The influences of environmental enrichment, cognitive enhancement, and physical exercise on brain development: Can we alter the developmental trajectory of ADHD? (2011) · cites this paper as Castellanos et al., 1996
In the citing paper
“Studies have noted reduced volume in several parts of the cerebellum in ADHD (Castellanos et al., 2002a; Castellanos et al., 1996; Durston et al., 2004; Posner & Petersen, 1990) as well as posterior cortical anomalies (Durston et al., 2004; Filipek et al., 1997; Sowell et al., 2003).”
From The influences of environmental enrichment, cognitive enhancement, and physical exercise on brain development: Can we alter the developmental trajectory of ADHD? (2011) · cites this paper as Castellanos et al., 1996
In the citing paper
“Numerous structural MRI studies have reported smaller regions in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) of youth with ADHD (Castellanos et al., 1996; Castellanos et al., 2002a; Durston et al., 2004; Filipek et al., 1997; Hynd, Semrud-Clikeman, Lorys, Novey, & Eliopulos, 1990; Kates et al., 2002; Mostofsky, Cooper, Kates, Denckla, & Kaufmann, 2002; Sowell et al., 2003).”
From The influences of environmental enrichment, cognitive enhancement, and physical exercise on brain development: Can we alter the developmental trajectory of ADHD? (2011) · cites this paper as Castellanos et al., 1996
In the citing paper
“Earlier mental disorder onset shapes brain development (e.g., (123)) and relates to self-injurious behaviors (1).”
From Neural correlates associated with suicide and nonsuicidal self-injury in youth (2021) · cites this paper as [123]
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Items 501–600 of 1,000
Salomone, S., Fleming, G. R., Bramham, J., O’Connell, R. G., & Robertson, I. H. (2020) · Journal of Attention Disorders · doi:10.1177/1087054715623045 · Cited by 49
“Imaging studies suggest that the abnormalities in the prefrontal region found in those with ADHD (Castellanos et al., 1996) are associated with executive dysfunction, as studies of individuals with traumatic brain injury (TBI) in the frontal lobe exhibit a similar pattern of impairments (Gioia, Isquith, Kenworthy, & B…”
BackgroundFrings, M., Gaertner, K., Buderath, P., Gerwig, M., Christiansen, H., Schoch, B., Gizewski, E. R., Hebebrand, J., & Timmann, D. (2009) · Experimental Brain Research · doi:10.1007/s00221-009-2020-1 · Cited by 49
Schizophrenia and Attention Deficit Disorder
Barr, W. (2001) · Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.2001.tb05782.x · Cited by 49
Senderecka, M., Grabowska, A., Gerc, K., Szewczyk, J., & Chmylak, R. (2012) · International Journal of Psychophysiology · doi:10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2011.05.006 · Cited by 48
“Multiple reports have documented differences in brain mass, cerebral volume, glucose metabolism, and hemispheric anomalies in individuals with ADHD (Casey et al., 1997; Castellanos et al., 1996; Filipek et al., 1997; Semrud-Clikeman et al., 1994; Zametkin et al., 1990).”
BackgroundSchmitz, F., Scherer, E. B. S., Machado, F. R., da Cunha, A. A., Tagliari, B., Netto, C. A., & Wyse, Â. T. D. S. (2012) · Metabolic Brain Disease · doi:10.1007/s11011-012-9335-5 · Cited by 47
The Effect of Dual Task on Attentional Performance in Children With ADHD
Caldani, S., Razuk, M., Septier, M., Barela, J. Â., Delorme, R., Acquaviva, É., & Bucci, M. P. (2019) · Frontiers in Integrative Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnint.2018.00067 · Cited by 51
“A smaller cerebellar vermis which is implicated in the processing of sensory information, as well as in postural control, has been associated to ADHD disorder (Castellanos et al., 1996).”
BackgroundSubcortical volumes in girls with Tourette syndrome
Zimmerman, A. M., Abrams, M. T., Giuliano, J. D., DENCKLA, M. B., & Singer, H. S. (2000) · Neurology · doi:10.1212/wnl.54.12.2224 · Cited by 48
H1-MR-spectroscopy of cerebellum in adult attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder
Perlov, E., van Elst, L. T., Büchert, M., Maier, S. J., Matthies, S., Ebert, D., Heßlinger, B., & Philipsen, A. (2010) · Journal of Psychiatric Research · doi:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2010.02.016 · Cited by 50
d-Amphetamine remediates attentional performance in rats with dorsal prefrontal lesions
Chudasama, Y., Nathwani, F., & Robbins, T. W. (2004) · Behavioural Brain Research · doi:10.1016/j.bbr.2004.08.011 · Cited by 48
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder evaluation and diagnosis
REIFF, M. I., & Stein, M. T. (2003) · Pediatric Clinics of North America · doi:10.1016/s0031-3955(03)00077-4 · Cited by 48
“Recent studies have shown the right frontal anterior lobes to be decreased 6% to 8% [20,21], to lack a right greater than left symmetry, and the caudate nucleus to be compromised in children with ADHD compared with controls, although other [22] studies have not shared these findings.”
ResultPsychological factors in pregnancy and mixed-handedness in the offspring
Obel, C., Hedegaard, M. S., Henriksen, T. B., Secher, N. J., & Olsen, J. (2003) · Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology · doi:10.1111/j.1469-8749.2003.tb00956.x · Cited by 48
“1995), and, possibly, attentiondeficit–hyperactivity disorder (Castellanos et al. 1996): these patients are more often mixed-handed (Cornish and McManus 1996, Reid and Norvilitis 2000, Sommer et al.”
BackgroundAnatomic brain magnetic resonance imaging of the basal ganglia in pediatric bipolar disorder
Ahn, M. S., Breeze, J. L., Makris, N., Kennedy, D. N., Hodge, S. M., Herbert, M. R., Seidman, L. J., Biederman, J., Caviness, V. S., & Frazier, J. A. (2007) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2007.04.015 · Cited by 48
Ettinger, A. B., Ottman, R., Lipton, R. B., Cramer, J. A., Fanning, K. M., & Reed, M. L. (2015) · Epilepsia · doi:10.1111/epi.12897 · Cited by 51
Attention and Executive Functions in Children With Epilepsy: What, Why, and What to Do
MacAllister, W. S., Vasserman, M., Rosenthal, J., & Sherman, E. M. S. (2014) · Applied Neuropsychology Child · doi:10.1080/21622965.2013.839605 · Cited by 51
“Additionally, the typical asymmetry of the frontal lobes, whereby the right frontal lobe is larger than the left, is often reduced in individuals with ADHD due to smaller right frontal regions (Castellanos et al., 1996).”
BackgroundAttention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder
Wolraich, M. L. (2006) · Infants & Young Children · doi:10.1097/00001163-200604000-00002 · Cited by 48
“On a neurotransmitter level, it is clear that the functions relate to the dopamine and norepinephrine systems in the same areas of the brain identified by anatomical studies (Aylward et al., 1996; Castellanos et al., 1996; Filipek et al., 1997).”
BackgroundSeymour, K. E., Tang, X., Crocetti, D., Mostofsky, S. H., Miller, M. I., & Rosch, K. S. (2017) · Psychiatry Research Neuroimaging · doi:10.1016/j.pscychresns.2017.01.002 · Cited by 47
Volumes of the caudate nuclei in women with somatization disorder and healthy women
Hakala, M., Karlsson, H., Kurki, T. J. I., Aalto, S., Koponen, S., Vahlberg, T. J., & Niemi, P. M. (2004) · Psychiatry Research Neuroimaging · doi:10.1016/j.pscychresns.2004.03.001 · Cited by 46
Bellgrove, M. A., Barry, E., Johnson, K. A., Cox, M., Dáibhis, A., Daly, M., Hawi, Z., Lambert, D., Fitzgerald, M., McNicholas, F., et al. (2007) · Neuropsychopharmacology · doi:10.1038/sj.npp.1301637 · Cited by 48
“…show a subtle rightward bias or left-sided inattention associated with ADHD (Epstein et al, 1997; Sheppard et al, 1999), which is consistent with the predominantly right-hemisphere pathology of the disorder (Casey et al, 1997; Castellanos et al, 1994, 1996; Silk et al, 2005; Sowell et al, 2003).”
ResultHippocampal Volume Development in Healthy Siblings of Childhood-Onset Schizophrenia Patients
Mattai, A. A., Hosanagar, A., Weisinger, B., GREENSTEIN, D. K., Stidd, R., CLASEN, L. S., Lalonde, F. M., Rapoport, J. L., & Gogtay, N. (2011) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.2010.10050681 · Cited by 46
An Open Clinical Trial of Buspirone in Children With Attention‐Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder
Malhotra, S., & Santosh, P. (1998) · Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1097/00004583-199804000-00013 · Cited by 46
Postural Instability in Children with ADHD Is Improved by Methylphenidate
Bucci, M. P., Stordeur, C., Acquaviva, É., Peyre, H., & Delorme, R. (2016) · Frontiers in Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnins.2016.00163 · Cited by 45
Willis, W. G., & Weiler, M. D. (2005) · Developmental Neuropsychology · doi:10.1207/s15326942dn2701_6 · Cited by 48
“…Filipek et al., 1997; Hynd et al., 1990), (b) basal ganglia structures such as the globus pallidus and caudate nucleus (e.g., Aylward et al., 1996; Castellanos et al., 1994, 1996; Filipek et al., 1997; Hynd et al, 1993; Singer et al., 1993), and (c) cerebellum (e.g., Castellanos et al., 1996).”
BackgroundResultInfluentialUlke, C., Rullmann, M., Huang, J., Luthardt, J., Becker, G.-A., Patt, M., Meyer, P. M., Tiepolt, S., Hesse, S., Sabri, O., et al. (2019) · Translational Psychiatry · doi:10.1038/s41398-019-0619-y · Cited by 43
Semrud-Clikeman, M., Pliszka, S. R., Bledsoe, J., & Lancaster, J. (2014) · Journal of Attention Disorders · doi:10.1177/1087054712443158 · Cited by 40
“Previous studies have evaluated the frontal regions of the brain and found smaller area and volume in this region, particularly in the right frontal lobe (Castellanos et al., 1996; Filipek et al., 1997; Hynd, Semrud-Clikeman, Lorys, Novey, & Eliopulos, 1990).”
BackgroundTremols, V., Bielsa, A., Soliva, J.-C., Raheb, C., Carmona, S., Tomas, J., Gispert, J. D., Rovira, M., Fauquet, J., Tobeña, A., et al. (2008) · Psychiatry Research Neuroimaging · doi:10.1016/j.pscychresns.2007.04.017 · Cited by 45
“Our results explain previous heterogeneous findings in the literature, and provide new and complementary methods for studying brain structures in these patients. the generosity of Professor F.X. Castellanos in reviewing a previous version of this report.”
InfluentialBiochemical and genetic analyses of childhood attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder
Çaylak, E. (2012) · American Journal of Medical Genetics Part B Neuropsychiatric Genetics · doi:10.1002/ajmg.b.32077 · Cited by 47
“In addition, the normal asymmetries in striatal nuclei are not seen in their brains [Castellanos et al., 1996b].”
BackgroundLange, K. W., Tucha, L., Walitza, S., Gerlach, M., Linder, M., & Tucha, O. M. (2007) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-211-73574-9_31 · Cited by 46
“These impairments were seen in aspects of arousal, selective attention, distractibility, shifting, vigilance and sustained attention (Sroufe et al., 1973; Trommer et al., 1988; Van der Meere and Sergeant, 1988; Kupietz, 1990; Shue and Douglas, 1992; Grodzinsky and Diamond, 1992; Corkum and Siegel, 1993; Oommen et al.,…”
BackgroundCross-fostering does not alter the neurochemistry or behavior of spontaneously hypertensive rats
Howells, F. M., Bindewald, L., & Russell, V. A. (2009) · Behavioral and Brain Functions · doi:10.1186/1744-9081-5-24 · Cited by 46
“Neurophysiological and imaging studies have shown that ADHD is associated with alterations in several brain structures involved in the regulation of behavior, including the prefrontal cortex and its connections to the striatum, parietal cortex and cerebellum [19-25].”
EVALUATION OF SENSORIMOTOR TRAINING IN CHILDREN WITH ADHD
Banaschewski, T., Besmens, F., Zieger, H., & Rothenberger, A. (2001) · Perceptual and Motor Skills · doi:10.2466/pms.2001.92.1.137 · Cited by 46
The neurobiology of executive functions
Hunter, S. J., Hinkle, C. D., & Edidin, J. P. (2012) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511977954.005 · Cited by 43
Sinopoli, K. J., Schachar, R. J., & Dennis, M. (2011) · Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology · doi:10.1080/13803395.2011.562864 · Cited by 49
Durston, S., & Konrad, K. (2007) · Developmental Review · doi:10.1016/j.dr.2007.05.001 · Cited by 46
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“…the right hemisphere, dominant for the processing of somatosensory information (Coghill, Gilron, & Iadarola, 2001), may be primarily responsible for some of the behavioral deficits expressed by children with ADHD (e.g., Castellanos et al., 1996; Mostofsky, Cooper, Kates, Denckla, & Kaufman, 2002).”
BackgroundMotor timing deficits in children with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity disorder
Zelaznik, H. N., Vaughn, A. J., Green, J. T., Smith, A. L., Hoza, B., & Linnea, K. S. (2011) · Human Movement Science · doi:10.1016/j.humov.2011.05.003 · Cited by 47
“For example, these individuals have a smaller cerebellum (Castellanos et al., 1996; Durston et al., 2004; Mackie et al., 2007; Mostofsky, Reiss, Lockhart, & Denckla, 1998; Valera, Farone, Murray, & Siedman, 2007) and lower density of white matter (Ashtari et al.”
BackgroundDifferential Effects of Methylphenidate on Problem Solving in Adults With ADHD
Tucha, L., Tucha, O. M., Sontag, T. A., Stasik, D., Laufkötter, R., & Lange, K. W. (2010) · Journal of Attention Disorders · doi:10.1177/1087054709356391 · Cited by 42
“However, alterations of other brain regions including cerebellar, subcortical, and cortical areas were also reported (Castellanos et al., 1996; Filipek et al., 1997; Hynd, Semrud-Clikeman, Lorys, Novey, & Eliopulos, 1990; Singer et al., 1993; Zametkin et al., 1990, 1993).”
BackgroundSharp, W. S., Gottesman, R. F., GREENSTEIN, D. K., Ebens, C. L., Rapoport, J. L., & Castellanos, F. X. (2003) · Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1097/00004583-200301000-00015 · Cited by 42
Li, C. R., Lin, W., Chang, H., & Hung, Y.-W. (2004) · Journal of Abnormal Psychology · doi:10.1037/0021-843x.113.2.228 · Cited by 43
Clinical and neuropsychological characteristics of child and adolescent bipolar disorder
Kyte, Z. A., Carlson, G. A., & Goodyer, I. M. (2006) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s0033291706007446 · Cited by 42
“…caudate and putamen; Eliez & Reiss, 2000; Bush et al. 2005), other reports of normal amygdala and temporal lobe in children with ADHD without BPD (Castellanos et al. 1996; Seidman et al. 2005) suggest diagnosis-specific distinctions exist in the neural dysfunction subserving these two conditions.”
BackgroundWorking Memory in ADHD: Prefrontal/Parietal Connections
Lévy, F., & Farrow, M. (2001) · Current Drug Targets · doi:10.2174/1389450013348155 · Cited by 42
“Recent imaging studies [30] indicate that the cerebellum is activated during alert states, and cerebellar dysfunction may be involved in the hyperactivity observed in ADHD [31].”
BackgroundTsai, S. (2003) · Medical Hypotheses · doi:10.1016/s0306-9877(03)00052-5 · Cited by 41
Colvin, A. N., Yeates, K. O., Enrile, B. G., & Coury, D. L. (2003) · Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society · doi:10.1017/s1355617703940045 · Cited by 42
“ADHD has been shown to be associated with subtle differences in striatal morphology (Castellanos et al., 1996; Hynd et al., 1993), but not with the pronounced atrophy that accompanies Huntington’s disease.”
BackgroundInfluentialMethylphenidate improves motor functions in children diagnosed with Hyperkinetic Disorder
Stray, L., Stray, T., Iversen, S., Ruud, A., & Ellertsen, B. (2009) · Behavioral and Brain Functions · doi:10.1186/1744-9081-5-21 · Cited by 40
Vanicek, T., Kutzelnigg, A., Philippe, C., Sigurdardottir, H. L., James, G. M., Hahn, A., Kranz, G. S., Höflich, A., Kautzky, A., Traub-Weidinger, T., et al. (2017) · Human Brain Mapping · doi:10.1002/hbm.23418 · Cited by 44
“Though other structural MRI investigations have showed inconclusive data in ADHD, depicting higher or no differences in hippocampal volume between patients with ADHD and HC [Castellanos et al., 1996; Plessen et al., 2006].”
BackgroundSproson, E. J., Chantrey, J., Hollis, C. P., Marsden, C. A., & Fone, K. C. F. (2001) · Journal of Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1177/026988110101500202 · Cited by 40
Muglia, P., Jain, U., & Kennedy, J. L. (2002) · Behavioural Brain Research · doi:10.1016/s0166-4328(01)00438-7 · Cited by 41
Munoz, D. P., Hampton, K. A., Moore, K., & Goldring, J. E. (1999) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4757-3054-8_58 · Cited by 41
Hale, T. S., Eran Zaidel, B., McGough, J. J., Phillips, J. M., & McCracken, J. T. (2005) · Neuropsychologia · doi:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2005.08.014 · Cited by 43
“The present experiment investigated left/right brain dynamics in unmedicated right handed adults with ADHD (n = 19) and in controls (n = 19), using a dichotic listening task to assess hemispheric d c a d t t © K 1 o ( 1 1 e 1 c t t ( F D 0 d ifferences in word and emotion recognition.”
MethodDuan, K., Chen, J., Calhoun, V. D., Lin, D., Jiang, W., Franke, B., Buitelaar, J. K., Hoogman, M., Vásquez, A. A., Turner, J. A., et al. (2018) · NeuroImage Clinical · doi:10.1016/j.nicl.2018.04.035 · Cited by 42
“While in structural magnetic resonance imaging (sMRI) studies of childhood ADHD, significant and relatively consistent brain structure alterations have been reported in patients, including smaller global brain volume than healthy controls (Castellanos et al., 1996; Castellanos et al., 2002; Greven et al., 2015), gray…”
BackgroundSpect Findings in Children with Specific Language Impairment
Ors, M., Ryding, E., Lindgren, M. P., Gustafsson, P., Gösta Blennow, A., & Rosén, I. (2005) · Cortex · doi:10.1016/s0010-9452(08)70269-7 · Cited by 44
Developmental Brain Anomalies in Children With Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
Nopoulos, P., Berg, S. A., Castellenos, F. X., Delgado, A., Andreasen, N. C., & Rapoport, J. L. (2000) · Journal of Child Neurology · doi:10.1177/088307380001500208 · Cited by 39
Anderson, C. M., Lowen, S. B., & Renshaw, P. F. (2006) · Journal of Neuroscience Methods · doi:10.1016/j.jneumeth.2005.09.020 · Cited by 40
Pearl, P. L., Weiss, R. E., & Stein, M. A. (2001) · Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.2001.tb05775.x · Cited by 40
Lantieri, F., Glessner, J., Hakonarson, H. H., Elia, J., & Devoto, M. (2010) · American Journal of Medical Genetics Part B Neuropsychiatric Genetics · doi:10.1002/ajmg.b.31110 · Cited by 39
“X) volume [Castellanos et al., 1996, 2001, 2002; Berquin et al., 1998; Bussing et al., 2002;Hill et al., 2003; Durston et al., 2004].”
BackgroundTime-Based Prospective Memory Performance and Time-Monitoring in Children with ADHD
Zinke, K., Altgassen, M., Mackinlay, R. J., Rizzo, P., Drechsler, R., & Kliegel, M. (2010) · Child Neuropsychology · doi:10.1080/09297041003631451 · Cited by 41
“…a number of structural brain-imaging studies have consistently reported smaller volumes of the prefrontal cortex, especially its dorsolateral part, and the cerebellum in participants with ADHD (Castellanos et al., 1996; Durston et al., 2004; Hill, Yeo, Campbell, Hart, Vigil, & Brooks, 2003).”
BackgroundBleich‐Cohen, M., Gurevitch, G., Carmi, N., Medvedovsky, M., Bregman, N., Nevler, N., Elman, K., Ginou, A., Zangen, A., & Ash, E. L. (2021) · NeuroImage Clinical · doi:10.1016/j.nicl.2021.102670 · Cited by 42
Attention deficit disorder: not just for children
Clarke, S. P., Heussler, H., & Kohn, M. R. (2005) · Internal Medicine Journal · doi:10.1111/j.1445-5994.2005.00987.x · Cited by 43
Stanley, J. A., Kipp, H., Greisenegger, E., MacMaster, F. P., Panchalingam, K., Keshavan, M. S., Bukstein, O. G., & Pettegrew, J. W. (2008) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archgenpsychiatry.2008.503 · Cited by 40
Manual MRI parcellation of the frontal lobe
Ranta, M. E., Crocetti, D., Clauss, J. A., Kraut, M. A., Mostofsky, S. H., & Kaufmann, W. E. (2009) · Psychiatry Research Neuroimaging · doi:10.1016/j.pscychresns.2009.01.006 · Cited by 39
“Frontal abnormalities have been widely reported in ADHD but the relative contributions of different frontal regions remain poorly defined (Castellanos et al., 1996; Castellanos et al., 2002; Kates et al., 2002b; Mostofsky et al., 2002; Sowell et al., 2003; Shaw et al., 2006; Shaw et al., 2007).”
BackgroundDisease-Specific Brain Atlases
Thompson, P. M., Mega, M. S., & Toga, A. W. (2000) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-012481460-8/50009-3 · Cited by 39
A Preliminary Neuroimaging Study of Preschool Children with ADHD
Mahone, E. M., Crocetti, D., Ranta, M. E., Gaddis, A., Cataldo, M., Slifer, K. J., Denckla, M. B., & Mostofsky, S. H. (2011) · The Clinical Neuropsychologist · doi:10.1080/13854046.2011.580784 · Cited by 38
Hill, S., Tessner, K., Wang, S., Carter, H., & McDermott, M. D. (2010) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/j.pscychresns.2009.11.006 · Cited by 40
“The present structural MRI analyses are based on a subset of children seen in the peer play initiative approximately 10 years earlier who are currently part of a larger longitudinal follow-up effort.”
MethodInfluentialPrefrontal and Striatal Volumes in Monozygotic Twins Concordant and Discordant for Schizophrenia
Ettinger, U., Schmechtig, A., Toulopoulou, T., Borg, C., Orrells, C., Owens, S. F., Matsumoto, K., van Haren, N. E. M., Hall, M., Kumari, V., et al. (2010) · Schizophrenia Bulletin · doi:10.1093/schbul/sbq060 · Cited by 39
Finke, K., Schwarzkopf, W., Müller, U., Frodl, T., Müller, H. J., Schneider, W. X., Engel, R. R., Riedel, M. J., Möller, H., & Hennig‐Fast, K. (2011) · Journal of Abnormal Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0024944 · Cited by 37
Li, D., Li, T., Niu, Y., Xiang, J., Cao, R., Liu, B., Zhang, H., & Wang, B. (2018) · Brain Imaging and Behavior · doi:10.1007/s11682-018-9881-5 · Cited by 37
Psychostimulants in the treatment of children diagnosed with ADHD: Risks and mechanism of action
Breggin, P. R. (1999) · International Journal of Risk & Safety in Medicine · doi:10.3233/jrs-1999-177 · Cited by 38
Neuroanatomical Abnormalities in Adolescents With Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder
Garrett, A. S., Penniman, L. C., Epstein, J. N., Casey, B. J., Hinshaw, S. P., Glover, G. H., Tonev, S. T., Vitolo, A., Davidson, M., Spicer, J., et al. (2008) · Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1097/chi.0b013e318185d285 · Cited by 38
Effects of clozapine and olanzapine on cortical thickness in childhood-onset schizophrenia
Mattai, A. A., Chavez, A. M., GREENSTEIN, D. K., CLASEN, L. S., Bakalar, J. L., Stidd, R., Rapoport, J. L., & Gogtay, N. (2009) · Schizophrenia Research · doi:10.1016/j.schres.2009.10.018 · Cited by 38
The Segmented Regional Volumes of the Cerebrum and Cerebellum in Boys with Tourette Syndrome
Hong, K. E., Ock, S. M., Kang, M.-H., Kim, C. E., Bae, J. N., Lim, M. K., Suh, C. H., Chung, S. J., Cho, S. C., & Lee, J. S. (2002) · Journal of Korean Medical Science · doi:10.3346/jkms.2002.17.4.530 · Cited by 38
“However, it is different from the previous studies on ADHD that reported decreased volumes of the right anterior frontal region (32-34) and a previous study on OCD that reported a decrease in the bilateral orbital frontal volume and overall volumetric decreases in the white matter (35-37).”
ResultThought Disorder in Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
Caplan, R., Guthrie, D., TANG, B., Nuechterlein, K. H., & Asarnow, R. F. (2001) · Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1097/00004583-200108000-00019 · Cited by 39
Sidransky, E., Burgess, C. E., Ikeuchi, T., Lindblad‐Toh, K., Long, R. T. L., Philibert, R. A., Rapoport, J. L., Schalling, M., Tsuji, S., & Ginns, E. I. (1998) · The American Journal of Human Genetics · doi:10.1086/301876 · Cited by 38
Sartory, G., Heine, A., Müller, B. W., & Elvermann-Hallner, A. (2002) · Journal of Psychophysiology · doi:10.1027//0269-8803.16.2.97 · Cited by 38
Jones, Z., & Dafny, N. (2014) · Journal of Neural Transmission · doi:10.1007/s00702-013-1101-2 · Cited by 37
“Castellanos et al. (1996) and Arnsten and Dudley (2005) reported individual differences due to differences in phenotype and drug metabolism rate between the animals in response to MPD exposure.”
BackgroundIsaac, V., Olmedo, D., Aboitiz, F., & Delano, P. H. (2017) · Frontiers in Neurology · doi:10.3389/fneur.2017.00090 · Cited by 37
“(10) found significantly smaller cerebellar hemispheric volumes in ADHD patients.”
BackgroundImpaired Habituation in Children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
Jansiewicz, E. M., Newschaffer, C. J., DENCKLA, M. B., & Mostofsky, S. H. (2004) · Cognitive and Behavioral Neurology · doi:10.1097/00146965-200403000-00001 · Cited by 39
“These results lend weight to the notion that the Troxler task is correctly assessing visual habituation, rather than task frustration, in ADHD.”
MethodInfluentialAmygdala Abnormalities in Adults With ADHD
Tajima-Pozo, K., Yus, M., Ruiz-Manrique, G., Lewczuk, A., Arrazola, J., & Rada, F. M. (2016) · Journal of Attention Disorders · doi:10.1177/1087054716629213 · Cited by 35
“It has been suggested that the participants affected by ADHD have significantly smaller volumes of the amygdala (Castellanos et al., 1996; Filipek et al., 1997; Valera, Faraone, Murray, & Seidman, 2007, Tajima-Pozo et al., 2015).”
BackgroundNeurocognitive Problems in Attention Deficit Disorder
Armstrong, C. L., Hayes, K. M., & Martin, R. L. (2001) · Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.2001.tb05780.x · Cited by 37
Weight, D. G., & Bigler, E. D. (1998) · Psychiatric Clinics of North America · doi:10.1016/s0193-953x(05)70038-1 · Cited by 37
Association Between Story Recall and Other Language Abilities in Schoolchildren With ADHD
Papaeliou, C. F., Maniadaki, K., & Kakouros, E. (2012) · Journal of Attention Disorders · doi:10.1177/1087054712446812 · Cited by 41
“It is strongly suggested that the core symptoms of ADHD may be accounted for by deficits in the neurological mechanisms regulating executive functions (Castellanos et al., 1996; Schneider et al., 2010).”
Backgroundvan Wingen, G. V., van den Brink, W., Veltman, D., Schmaal, L., Dom, G., Booij, J., & Crunelle, C. (2013) · Drug and Alcohol Dependence · doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2013.05.007 · Cited by 36
Puppets, robots, critics, and actors within a taxonomy of attention for developmental disorders
Dennis, M., Sinopoli, K. J., Fletcher, J. M., & Schachar, R. J. (2008) · Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society · doi:10.1017/s1355617708080983 · Cited by 36
“, 2002), cortical gray matter, caudate nucleus, globus pallidus, prefrontal cortex, ACC (Castellanos et al., 1996; Filipek et al., 1997; Seidman et al., 2006), and especially, the right inferior frontal cortex (Durston et al.”
Marta Ribasés, A., Ramos‐Quiroga, J. A., Amaia Hervas, G., Sánchez‐Mora, C., Bosch, R., Bielsa, A., Gastaminza, X., Lesch, K., Reif, A., Renner, T., et al. (2012) · The World Journal of Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.3109/15622975.2011.584905 · Cited by 37
Fractal analysis of striatal dopamine re-uptake sites
Kuikka, J. T., Tiihonen, J., Karhu, J., Bergstr�m, K. A., & R�s�nen, P. (1997) · European Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging · doi:10.1007/bf01254238 · Cited by 36
“Seventy-two (36 per striatum) irregular regions of interest (ROIs) were semi-automatically drawn using a lower threshold of 60% of the mean striatal count density (Fig. 2). Assuming that the volume of the striatum is 6.2 cm 3 in healthy controls [ 3 ] means that each subregion of interest encompasses eight to ten voxe…”
InfluentialAttention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
Swanson, J. M., Volkow, N. D., Newcorn, J. H., Casey, B. J., Moyzis, R. K., Grandy, D. K., & Posner, M. I. (2005) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/0470018860.s00416 · Cited by 38
Ghassabian, A., Herba, C. M., Roza, S. J., Govaert, P., Schenk, J. J., Jaddoe, V. W., Hofman, A., White, T., Verhulst, F. C., & Tiemeier, H. (2013) · Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry · doi:10.1111/j.1469-7610.2012.02590.x · Cited by 35
“For example, children with ADHD do not differ from controls in absolute corpus callosum size (Castellanos et al., 1996), despite different growth trajectories of corpus callosum (Gilliam et al., 2011), or whole thalamic volumes are not different in ADHD children and in controls, although mapping of…”
BackgroundInfluentialJohnson, S. L. M., Wang, L., Alpert, K. I., GREENSTEIN, D. K., CLASEN, L. S., Lalonde, F. M., Miller, R., Rapoport, J. L., & Gogtay, N. (2013) · Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.jaac.2013.02.003 · Cited by 36
Burton, B. K., Vangkilde, S., Petersen, A., Skovgaard, L. T., Jepsen, J. R. M., Hemager, N., Christiani, C. J., Spang, K. S., Ellersgaard, D., Greve, A. N., et al. (2018) · Biological Psychiatry Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuroimaging · doi:10.1016/j.bpsc.2018.04.012 · Cited by 33
Foetal growth determines cerebral ventricular volume in infants
Roza, S. J., Govaert, P. P., Vrooman, H. A., Lequin, M. H., Albert Hofman, D., Steegers, E. A. P., Moll, H. A., Jaddoe, V. W. V., Verhulst, F. C., & Tiemeier, H. W. (2007) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2007.11.004 · Cited by 35
“On the other hand, diminished age-related increases in lateral ventricular volumes have been described in attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder patients (Castellanos et al., 1996).”
Sun, L., Jin, Z. H., Zang, Y., Zeng, Y., Liu, G., Li, Y., Seidman, L. J., Faraone, S. V., & Wang, Y. (2004) · Brain and Development · doi:10.1016/j.braindev.2004.09.004 · Cited by 35
“In addition to the neuropsychological measurements, volumetric neuroimaging [8–13] and functional neuroimaging studies have shown that abnormalities in frontal networks or fronto-striatal dysfunction comprise the disorder’s best identified neural substrate [14–18], but up to the present there have been no studies to i…”
BackgroundHyperactivity following postnatal NMDA antagonist treatment: Reversal by D-amphetamine
Fredriksson, A., & Archer, T. (2003) · Neurotoxicity Research · doi:10.1007/bf03033165 · Cited by 35
“…(DA) to postsynaptic receptor sites, producing maximal effects 1 hour after administration (Volkow et al., 1998; 2001), primarily implicating DA (Castellanos et al., 1996a; Dougherty et al., 1999; Madras, 2002; Solanto, 2002), while other studies implicate noradrenaline (Biederman et al., 1989;…”
Increased associated movements: Influence of attention deficits and movement difficulties
Licari, M. K., & Larkin, D. (2008) · Human Movement Science · doi:10.1016/j.humov.2008.02.013 · Cited by 34
Test de Fluidez Verbal: datos normativos y desarrollo evolutivo en el alumnado de primaria
García, E., Rodríguez, C., Martín, R., Jiménez, J. E., Hernández, S. E., & Díaz, A. (2012) · European Journal of Education and Psychology · doi:10.30552/ejep.v5i1.80 · Cited by 38
Michaelides, M., Pascau, J., Gispert, J. D., Delis, F., Grandy, D. K., Wang, G., Desco, M., Rubinstein, M., Volkow, N. D., & Thanos, P. K. (2010) · European Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1111/j.1460-9568.2010.07319.x · Cited by 35
“Interestingly, individuals with ADHD show deficits in the above PFC-related behaviors as well as decreased PFC volume (Castellanos et al., 1996; Casey et al., 1997; Bush et al., 1999; Rubia et al., 1999; Sowell et al., 2003) and activity (Zametkin et al., 1990; Vaidya et al., 1998; Bush et al.,…”
BackgroundImpaired cortical inhibition in adult ADHD patients: a study with transcranial magnetic stimulation*
Schneider, M., Retz, W., Freitag, C. M., Irsch, J., Graf, P., Retz‐Junginger, P., & Rösier, M. (2007) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-211-73574-9_37 · Cited by 35
“Unilateral volume reductions of the pallidum have also been shown in several studies in children with ADHD (Aylward et al., 1996; Castellanos et al., 1996, 2002; Overmeyer et al., 2001).”
Villemonteix, T., Brito, S. A. D., Slama, H., Kavec, M., Balériaux, D. F., Metens, T., Baijot, S., Mary, A., Peigneux, P., & Massat, I. (2015) · Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/j.dcn.2015.06.001 · Cited by 38
ADHD and Developmental Dyslexia
Eden, G. F., & Vaidya, C. J. (2008) · Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1196/annals.1416.022 · Cited by 34
“Anatomical studies of ADHD subjects relative to controls have reported smaller volumes of the right frontal lobe (Castellanos et al., 1996; Filipek et al., 1997; Semrud-Clikeman et al., 2000) and the left orbitofrontal regions (Hesslinger et al.”
BackgroundMcNally, M. A., Crocetti, D., Mahone, E. M., DENCKLA, M. B., Suskauer, S. J., & Mostofsky, S. H. (2010) · Journal of Child Neurology · doi:10.1177/0883073809350221 · Cited by 32
“In 57 boys with ADHD, Castellanos et al found no difference in area of total corpus callosum or any of the 7 segments.(31) However, Semrud-Clikeman et al found decreased splenium area in 15 boys with ADHD,(32) Lyoo found decreased area of the isthmus and splenium in 25 children with ADHD,(33) and Hill et al reported d…”
Pineda-Cirera, L., Shivalikanjli, A., Cabana‐Domínguez, J., Demontis, D., Rajagopal, V. M., Børglum, A. D., Faraone, S. V., Cormand, B., & Fernàndez‐Castillo, N. (2019) · Translational Psychiatry · doi:10.1038/s41398-019-0574-7 · Cited by 35
Sawada, M., Iida, J., Ota, T., Negoro, H., Tanaka, S., Sadamatsu, M., & Kishimoto, T. (2010) · Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences · doi:10.1111/j.1440-1819.2010.02134.x · Cited by 34
“This comprehensive morphometric analysis was consistent with the hypothesized dysfunction of right-sided prefrontal-striatal systems in ADHD children.(14) Furthermore, in an event-related functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) study, ADHD children exhibited less right-sided activation in the anterior cingulate g…”
ResultLoe, I. M., Feldman, H. M., Yasui, E., & Luna, B. (2009) · Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1097/chi.0b013e31819996da · Cited by 34
Metadata
- Authors
- Castellanos, F. X.
- Affiliations
- National Institute of Mental Health (US)
- Corresponding author
- Castellanos, F. Xavier
- Venue
- Archives of General Psychiatry
- Publisher
- American Medical Association (AMA)
- Published
- 1996-07-01
- Volume
- 53
- Issue
- 7
- Pages
- 607
- ISSN
- 0003-990X (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2097559385
- Cited by
- 1,183
- References
- 102
- Citations by year
- 2026: 7 · 2025: 14 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 14 · 2022: 11 · 2021: 11 · 2020: 20 · 2019: 21 · 2018: 18 · 2017: 19 · 2016: 31 · 2015: 37 · 2014: 40 · 2013: 39 · 2012: 52
- FWCI
- 25.66
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Archives of General Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Autism Spectrum Disorder Research
- Keywords
- attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, brain volumetry, brain volume, caudate nucleus, globus pallidus, cerebellum, corpus callosum, lateral ventricle, hemispheric lateralization, basal ganglia, children, brain structure
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Age Factors, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity, Basal Ganglia, Body Height, Body Weight, Brain, Caudate Nucleus, Cerebellum, Cerebral Ventricles, Child, Child, Preschool, Frontal Lobe, Globus Pallidus, Humans, Intelligence Tests, Functional Laterality, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Discriminant Analysis, Prefrontal Cortex
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