Cited by 666Hallucinations in medical conditionsSchizophrenia research and treatmentMental Health and Psychiatry

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Mapping Auditory Hallucinations in Schizophrenia Using Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Shergill, Sukhwinder S., Brammer, Michael J., Williams, Steven C. R., Murray, Robin M., McGuire, Philip K.·2000·Archives of General Psychiatry

DOI 10.1001/archpsyc.57.11.1033

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Abstract

BACKGROUND: Perceptions of speech in the absence of an auditory stimulus (auditory verbal hallucinations) are a cardinal feature of schizophrenia. Functional neuroimaging provides a powerful means of measuring neural activity during auditory hallucinations, but the results from previous studies have been inconsistent. This may reflect the acquisition of small numbers of images in each subject and the confounding effects of patients actively signaling when hallucinations occur. METHODS: We examined 6 patients with schizophrenia who were experiencing frequent auditory hallucinations, using a novel functional magnetic resonance imaging method that permitted the measurement of spontaneous neural activity without requiring subjects to signal when hallucinations occurred. Approximately 50 individual scans were acquired at unpredictable intervals in each subject while they were intermittently hallucinating. Immediately after each scan, subjects reported whether they had been hallucinating at that instant. Neural activity when patients were and were not experiencing hallucinations was compared in each subject and the group as a whole. RESULTS: Auditory hallucinations were associated with activation in the inferior frontal/insular, anterior cingulate, and temporal cortex bilaterally (with greater responses on the right), the right thalamus and inferior colliculus, and the left hippocampus and parahippocampal cortex (P<.0001). CONCLUSIONS: Auditory hallucinations may be mediated by a distributed network of cortical and subcortical areas. Previous neuroimaging studies of auditory hallucinations may have identified different components of this network.

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“activated during AVH (Dierks et al., 1999; McGuire et al., 1993; Shergill et al., 2000).”
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“However, other regions have also been reported to be associated with auditory hallucinations including medial and anterior temporal lobe [10,13,14,16], medial and lateral prefrontal regions [10-12,14,16,17], and cerebellum [12,13].”
Influential
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“Interestingly, it has been suggested that the abnormalities associated with the insular cortex are relevant to hallucinations (Crespo-Facorro et al., 2000; Shergill et al., 2000; Shapleske et al., 2002), which are a cardinal feature of schizophrenia but not prominently seen in schizotypal subjects.”
Background
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Stanghellini, G., & Cutting, J. (2003) · Psychopathology · doi:10.1159/000071256 · Cited by 48
“Is there any evidence in brain imaging studies that hallucinations, and especially AVHs, have a sensory basis [Shergill et al., 2000]? Why is it often so dif-”
Background
Aging effects on functional auditory and visual processing using fMRI with variable sensory loading
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Background
Individualized rTMS neuronavigated according to regional brain metabolism (18FGD PET) has better treatment effects on auditory hallucinations than standard positioning of rTMS: a double-blind, sham-controlled study
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“These studies documented that the individual local maxima of cortical activity are not entirely explicitly registered in the given area below the standard coil positioning but are often registered in areas that are a part of the auditory cortico-subcortical network, such as the right/left middle temporal gyrus [9, 25]…”
Background
A Cognitive Neuroscience View of Schizophrenic Symptoms: Abnormal Activation of a System for Social Perception and Communication
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“…region, the posterior middle/inferior temporal, inferior and middle frontal regions, the insula (left), the hippocampus and parahippocampal gyrus, and the cingulate (Bentaleb et al. 2002, Dierks et al. 1999, Lennox et al. 2000, Shergill et al. 2000, Silbersweig et al. 1995, van de Ven et al. 2005).”
Background
Active and placebo transcranial magnetic stimulation effects on external and internal auditory hallucinations of schizophrenia
Martinot, M. P., Galinowski, A., Plaze, M., Andoh, J., David Bartrés-faz, A., Bellivier, F., Lefaucheur, J. P., Rivière, D., Gallarda, T., Martinot, J., et al. (2016) · Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica · doi:10.1111/acps.12680 · Cited by 49
Neurodevelopmental Origins of Schizophrenia
Weinberger, D. R., & Levitt, P. R. (2010) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9781444327298.ch19 · Cited by 49
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“People with schizophrenia, who frequently experience auditory hallucinations, have disorders of the ACC and bilateral temporal lobe (Cleghorn et al., 1992; Shergill et al., 2000).”
Background
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“…in favour of disordered cerebral connectivity in SZ (Andreasen et al. 1997, Bullmore et al. 1997, Frith and Dolan 1996, McGuire and Frith 1996, Shergill et al. 2000b, Sigmundsson et al. 2001, Spence et al. 1997), yet they do not deliver information about fibre organization and microstructural…”
Background
Amphetamine sensitization of hallucinatory-like behaviors is dependent on prefrontal cortex in nonhuman primates
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Duration of untreated psychosis vs. N-acetylaspartate and choline in first episode schizophrenia: a 1H magnetic resonance spectroscopy study at 4.0 Tesla
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Functional brain imaging of symptoms and cognition in schizophrenia
Kircher, T. T. J., & Thienel, R. (2005) · Progress in brain research · doi:10.1016/s0079-6123(05)50022-0 · Cited by 47
“Wernicke’s speech area (McGuire et al., 1993, 1998; Suzuki et al., 1993; Silbersweig et al., 1995; Woodruff et al., 1997; Dierks et al., 1999; Shergill et al., 2000; Kircher et al., 2001) (see Fig.”
BackgroundResultInfluential
The influence of stimulus detection on activation patterns during auditory hallucinations
van Lutterveld, R., Diederen, K. M. J., Koops, S., Begemann, M., & Sommer, I. E. (2013) · Schizophrenia Research · doi:10.1016/j.schres.2013.01.004 · Cited by 47
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Altered auditory processing in frontal and left temporal cortex in 22q11.2 deletion syndrome: A group at high genetic risk for schizophrenia
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“On the other hand, several studies found an overactivation of the ACC in healthy subjects prone to auditory verbal hallucinations as well as psychotic and schizophrenic participants when investigating state activity (during hallucinations) as well as trait markers of auditory verbal hallucinations (Cleghorn et al., 19…”
Background
Simultaneous projections from prefrontal cortex to dopaminergic and serotonergic nuclei
Vázquez, P. M., Celada, P., Cortés, R., & Artigas, F. (2010) · The International Journal of Neuropsychopharmacology · doi:10.1017/s1461145710000349 · Cited by 51
“Persistent changes in the metabolic activity of the PFC in these disorders have been reported (Andreasen et al. 1997; Catafau et al. 1994; Ressler & Mayberg, 2007 ; Shergill et al. 2000).”
Background
Psychiatric and Cognitive Symptoms Associated with Niemann-Pick Type C Disease: Neurobiology and Management
Rego, T. W. H., Farrand, S., Goh, A., Eratne, D., Kelso, W. M., Mangelsdorf, S., Velakoulis, D., & Walterfang, M. (2019) · CNS Drugs · doi:10.1007/s40263-018-0599-0 · Cited by 47
Species differences in the expression of Ahi1, a protein implicated in the neurodevelopmental disorder Joubert syndrome, with preferential accumulation to stigmoid bodies
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“The effects of Ahi1 in the auditory pathway may have direct relevance to the auditory processing deficits that can occur in individuals with schizophrenia (Shergill et al., 2000).”
Background
Taking Back the Brain: Could Neurofeedback Training Be Effective for Relieving Distressing Auditory Verbal Hallucinations in Patients With Schizophrenia?
McCarthy‐Jones, S. (2012) · Schizophrenia Bulletin · doi:10.1093/schbul/sbs006 · Cited by 45
Cingulate gyral reductions are related to low executive functioning and psychotic symptoms in 22q11.2 deletion syndrome
Dufour, F., Schaer, M., Debbané, M., Farhoumand, R., Glaser, B., & D, S. E. M. (2008) · Neuropsychologia · doi:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2008.06.012 · Cited by 45
“Finally, consistent with our structural findings of an altered right CG volume in 22q11DS patients with psychotic symptoms, Shergill et al. (2000) report the involvement of a large network of cortical areas prominently in the right hemisphere, including CG, in auditory hallucinations.”
Grey matter correlates of early psychotic symptoms in adolescents at enhanced risk of psychosis: A voxel-based study
Spencer, M. D., Moorhead, T. W. J., McIntosh, A. M., Stanfield, A. C., Muir, W. J., Hoare, P. G., Owens, D. G. C., Lawrie, S. M., & Johnstone, E. C. (2007) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2007.01.008 · Cited by 45
Cerebellar Contributions to Persistent Auditory Verbal Hallucinations in Patients with Schizophrenia
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Formal thought disorder in non-clinical individuals with auditory verbal hallucinations
Sommer, I. E., Derwort, A. M. C., Daalman, K., de Weijer, A. D., Liddle, P. F., & Boks, M. P. (2010) · Schizophrenia Research · doi:10.1016/j.schres.2010.01.024 · Cited by 44
“This hypothesis is supported by functional MRI studies, which showed AVH to be associated with activity in inferior frontal and temporo-parietal areas, with a lateralization to the right hemisphere (Woodruff et al., 1995; Shergill et al., 2000; Hoffman et al. 2007; Sommer et al., 2008a).”
Result
Cell density and cortical thickness in Heschl's gyrus in schizophrenia, major depression and bipolar disorder
Cotter, D., Mackay, D., Frangou, S., Hudson, L., & Landau, S. (2004) · The British Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1192/bjp.185.3.258 · Cited by 43
Auditory hallucinations: Expectation–perception model
Nazimek, J. M., Hunter, M. D., & Woodruff, P. W. R. (2012) · Medical Hypotheses · doi:10.1016/j.mehy.2012.03.014 · Cited by 41
“mal speech and in auditory hallucinations [23,24], could be subserved by abnormal activity in the right MTG [14,15].”
Background
Abnormal brain response during the auditory emotional processing in schizophrenic patients with chronic auditory hallucinations
Kang, J. I., Kim, J., Seok, J., Chun, J., Lee, S., & Park, H. (2008) · Schizophrenia Research · doi:10.1016/j.schres.2008.08.019 · Cited by 42
“Some functional studies for the hallucinators reported hippocampal activation while they were experiencing AHs (McGuire et al., 1995; Shergill et al., 2000; Silbersweig et al., 1995).”
Background
A systematic review and meta-analysis of the use of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation for auditory hallucinations treatment in refractory schizophrenic patients
Otani, V. H. O., Shiozawa, P., Cordeiro, Q., & Uchida, R. R. (2014) · International Journal of Psychiatry in Clinical Practice · doi:10.3109/13651501.2014.980830 · Cited by 42
“…are also being studied for the AH, such as the right TPC (Suzuki et al. 1993; Dierks et al. 1999; Lennox et al. 2000) and the Broca ’ s area (McGuire et al. 1993; Shergill et al. 2000), it is the leTPC which probably has the major role in AH (Ojemann 1978; Fiez et al. 1996; Benson et al. 2001).”
Background
Altered performance of schizophrenia patients in an auditory detection and discrimination task: exploring the ‘self-monitoring’ model of hallucination
Li, C.-S. R., Chen, M.-C., Yang, Y., Chen, M.-C., & Tsay, P. (2002) · Schizophrenia Research · doi:10.1016/s0920-9964(01)00203-1 · Cited by 42
Interhemispheric compensation: A hypothesis of TMS-induced effects on language-related areas
Andoh, J., & Martinot, J. (2008) · European Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.eurpsy.2007.10.012 · Cited by 41
Reduced source activity of event-related potentials for affective facial pictures in schizophrenia patients
Jung, H.-T., Kim, D.-W., Kim, S., Im, C., & Lee, S. (2011) · Schizophrenia Research · doi:10.1016/j.schres.2011.10.023 · Cited by 40
“Various studies using structural and functional imaging, and cytoarchitectural methods have found insular abnormalities in schizophrenia (CrespoFacorro et al., 2000; Shergill et al., 2000; Kasai et al., 2003; Pennington et al., 2008; Roiz-Santianez et al., 2010).”
The medial septum mediates impairment of prepulse inhibition of acoustic startle induced by a hippocampal seizure or phencyclidine
Ma, J., Bixia Shen, A., Rajakumar, N., & Leung, L.-W. S. (2004) · Behavioural Brain Research · doi:10.1016/j.bbr.2004.04.010 · Cited by 40
“Stimulation of the septum or the hippocampus in humans induced psychiatric symptoms such as hallucinations and emotional changes [15,17], while functional imaging studies indicate that an activated hippocampus was associated with the experience of positive symptoms of schizophrenia [18,48,49].”
Alpha transcranial alternating current stimulation reduces depressive symptoms in people with schizophrenia and auditory hallucinations: a double-blind, randomized pilot clinical trial
Zhang, M., Force, R. B., Walker, C. P. R., Ahn, S., Jarskog, L. F., & Frӧhlich, F. (2022) · Schizophrenia · doi:10.1038/s41537-022-00321-0 · Cited by 41
Transcranial magnetic stimulation and connectivity mapping: tools for studying the neural bases of brain disorders
Hampson, M. (2010) · Frontiers in Systems Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnsys.2010.00040 · Cited by 39
Auditory hallucinations
Blom, J. D. (2015) · Handbook of clinical neurology · doi:10.1016/b978-0-444-62630-1.00024-x · Cited by 39
Cerebellar circuitry and auditory verbal hallucinations: An integrative synthesis and perspective
Pinheiro, A. P., Schwartze, M., & Kotz, S. A. (2020) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2020.08.004 · Cited by 43
5-Hydroxytryptamine (Serotonin)2A Receptors in Rat Anterior Cingulate Cortex Mediate the Discriminative Stimulus Properties of d-Lysergic Acid Diethylamide
Gresch, P. J., Barrett, R. J., Sanders‐Bush, E., & Smith, R. L. (2006) · Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics · doi:10.1124/jpet.106.112946 · Cited by 39
“Interestingly, neuroimaging studies have reported that both auditory and visual hallucinations in schizophrenics are associated with activation of the ACC (Silbersweig et al., 1995; Weiss and Heckers, 1999; Shergill et al., 2000).”
Abnormal development of the anterior cingulate in childhood-onset schizophrenia: a preliminary quantitative MRI study
Marquardt, R. K., Levitt, J. G., Blanton, R. E., Caplan, R., Asarnow, R. F., Siddarth, P., Fadale, D., McCracken, J. T., & Toga, A. W. (2005) · Psychiatry Research Neuroimaging · doi:10.1016/j.pscychresns.2005.01.001 · Cited by 39
“Cingulate abnormalities have been identified in adults with schizophrenia based on histological, functional and metabolic neuroimaging, and neurophysiological studies (e.g., Tamminga et al., 1992; Benes, 1993; Benes et al., 1997; Carter et al., 1997; Deicken et al., 1997; Haznedar et al., 1997; Fletcher et al., 1999;…”
Background
Abnormalities of middle longitudinal fascicle and disorganization in patients with schizophrenia
Asami, T., Saito, Y., Whitford, T. J., Makris, N., Niznikiewicz, M. A., McCarley, R. W., Shenton, M. E., & Kubicki, M. R. (2013) · Schizophrenia Research · doi:10.1016/j.schres.2012.11.030 · Cited by 40
Examining frontotemporal connectivity and rTMS in healthy controls: Implications for auditory hallucinations in schizophrenia.
Gromann, P. M., Tracy, D. K., Giampietro, V., Brammer, M. J., A, L. K. M., & Shergill, S. S. (2011) · Neuropsychology · doi:10.1037/a0026603 · Cited by 37
Understanding auditory verbal hallucinations in healthy individuals and individuals with psychiatric disorders
Zhuo, C., Jiang, D., Liu, C., Lin, X., Li, J., Chen, G., Xie, Z.-L., Xu, Z., Zhou, C., & Zhu, J. (2019) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2019.02.040 · Cited by 37
Antipsychotic drugs selectively decorrelate long-range interactions in deep cortical layers
Heindorf, M., & Keller, G. B. (2023) · eLife · doi:10.1101/2022.01.31.478462 · Cited by 61
Abnormal white matter integrity in antipsychotic-naïve first-episode psychosis patients assessed by a DTI principal component analysis
Alvarado-Alanis, P., León-Ortíz, P., Reyes-Madrigal, F., Favila, R., Rodríguez-Mayoral, O., Nicolini, H., Azcárraga, M., Graff‐Guerrero, A., Rowland, L. M., & de la Fuente‐Sandoval, C. (2015) · Schizophrenia Research · doi:10.1016/j.schres.2015.01.019 · Cited by 38
“This conclusion has been supported by postmortem and genetic studies showing myelin-related alterations (Flynn et al., 2003; Shergill et al., 2000; Yurgelun-Todd et al., 1996), as well as functional imaging studies that demonstrated connectivity abnormalities, specifically between temporo-limbic…”
BackgroundResult
Effects and potential mechanisms of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) on auditory hallucinations: A meta-analysis
Yang, F., Fang, X., Tang, W., Hui, L., Chen, Y., Zhang, C., & Tian, X. (2019) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2019.01.059 · Cited by 39
Abnormalities of thalamic volume and shape detected in fetally irradiated rhesus monkeys with high dimensional brain mapping
Schindler, M. K., Wang, L., Selemon, L. D., Goldman, P. S., RAKIC, P. T., & Csernansky, J. G. (2002) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/s0006-3223(01)01341-5 · Cited by 36
Diagnostic specificity of the insular cortex abnormalities in first-episode psychotic disorders
Takahashi, T., Wood, S. J., Soulsby, B., Tanino, R., Wong, M. T. H., McGorry, P. D., Suzuki, M., Velakoulis, D., & Pantelis, C. (2009) · Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.pnpbp.2009.03.005 · Cited by 36
“…in schizophrenia have been implicated in association with positive (Crespo-Facorro et al., 2000; Pressler et al., 2005; Shapleske et al., 2002; Shergill et al., 2000) and negative (Crespo-Facorro et al., 2001a; Sigmundsson et al., 2001; Takahashi et al., 2004) symptoms aswell as cognitive…”
Background
Differential brain glucose metabolic patterns in antipsychotic-naive first-episode schizophrenia with and without auditory verbal hallucinations
Horga, G., Parellada, E., Lomeña, F., Fernández-Egea, E., Mané, A., Font, M., Falcón, C., Konova, A. B., Pavı́a, J., Ros, D., et al. (2011) · Journal of Psychiatry and Neuroscience · doi:10.1503/jpn.100085 · Cited by 36
“Unless special sampling techniques are used, the intense noise generated by the MRI scanner can saturate the hemodynamic response in the auditory cortex such that any auditory activation due to AVHs could be underestimated.(61,62) Despite its low temporal resolution, FDG-PET has the important advantage of being a sile…”
Neural correlates of psychotic-like experiences during spiritual-trance state
Mainieri, A. G., Peres, J. F. P., Moreira-Almeida, A., Mathiak, K., Habel, U., & Kohn, N. (2017) · Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging · doi:10.1016/j.pscychresns.2017.06.006 · Cited by 35
Bilateral volume reduction of the insular cortex in patients with schizophrenia: a volumetric MRI study
Takahashi, T., Suzuki, M., Hagino, H., Zhou, S.-Y., Kawasaki, Y., Nohara, S., Nakamura, K., Yamashita, I., Seto, H., & Kurachi, M. (2004) · Psychiatry Research Neuroimaging · doi:10.1016/j.pscychresns.2004.05.006 · Cited by 35
Neuronale Korrelate "negativer" formaler Denkstörungen
Kircher, T. T. J., Liddle, P. F., Brammer, M. J., Murray, R. M., & McGuire, P. K. (2003) · Der Nervenarzt · doi:10.1007/s00115-003-1497-2 · Cited by 35
Insular volumes in first-episode schizophrenia: gender effect
Duggal, H. S., Muddasani, S., & Keshavan, M. S. (2004) · Schizophrenia Research · doi:10.1016/j.schres.2004.08.027 · Cited by 36
Temporal context discrimination in patients with schizophrenia: Associations with auditory hallucinations and negative symptoms
Brébion, G., David, A. S., JONES, H. M., Ohlsen, R. I., & Pilowsky, L. S. (2006) · Neuropsychologia · doi:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2006.08.009 · Cited by 35
Musical training‐induced functional reorganization of the adult brain: Functional magnetic resonance imaging and transcranial magnetic stimulation study on amateur string players
Kim, D., Shin, M., Lee, K., Chu, K., Woo, S. H., Kim, Y. R., Song, E., Lee, J., Park, S., & Roh, J. (2004) · Human Brain Mapping · doi:10.1002/hbm.20058 · Cited by 33
“In the absence of the actual sound stimuli, nonverbal [Goldenberg et al., 1991], or musical imagery [Zatorre and Halpern, 1993], and auditory hallucinations [Shergill et al., 2000, 2001] were reported to be associated with a distinct set of brain areas, particularly the right temporal cortex.”
Background
Functional brain lateralization in schizophrenia based on the variability of resting-state fMRI signal
Xie, W., Peng, C., Huang, C., Lin, C., Tsai, S., & Yang, A. C. (2018) · Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.pnpbp.2018.05.020 · Cited by 34
“Previous studies have shown that these regions of the brain are associated with auditory or imaginary hallucinations (Lawrie et al., 2002; Santhouse et al., 2000; Shergill et al., 2000).”
Systematic review of biological markers of therapeutic repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation in neurological and psychiatric disorders
Kim, H. K., Blumberger, D. M., Downar, J. H., & Daskalakis, Z. J. (2020) · Clinical Neurophysiology · doi:10.1016/j.clinph.2020.11.025 · Cited by 39
The neurobiological underpinnings of risk and conversion in relatives of patients with schizophrenia
Whalley, H. C., Harris, J. C., & Lawrie, S. M. (2007) · International Review of Psychiatry · doi:10.1080/09540260701496869 · Cited by 34
Musical hallucination associated with hearing loss
Sánchez, T. G., Rocha, S. C. M., Knobel, K. A. B., Kii, M. A., dos Santos, R. M. R., & Pereira, C. B. (2011) · Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria · doi:10.1590/s0004-282x2011000300024 · Cited by 34
The auditory dorsal stream plays a crucial role in projecting hallucinated voices into external space
Looijestijn, J., Diederen, K. M. J., Goekoop, R., Sommer, I. E. C., Daalman, K., Kahn, R. S., Hoek, H. W., & Blom, J. D. (2013) · Schizophrenia Research · doi:10.1016/j.schres.2013.02.004 · Cited by 31
“The established regions of activity were in conformity with prior fMRI studies on VAHs (Hoffman et al., 2007; Shergill et al., 2000; Jardri et al., 2011).”
Efficacy of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation on auditory hallucinations in schizophrenia: A meta-analysis
Li, J., Cao, X., Liu, S., Li, X., & Xu, Y. J. (2020) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2020.113141 · Cited by 32
“Speech processing brain regions in the bilateral temporal lobes are hyperactive during ongoing auditory hallucinations (Shergill et al., 2000).”
A parcellation-based model of the auditory network
Kuiper, J. J., Lin, Y., Young, I. M., Bai, M. Y., Briggs, R. G., Tanglay, O., Fonseka, R. D., Hormovas, J., Dhanaraj, V., Conner, A. K., et al. (2020) · Hearing Research · doi:10.1016/j.heares.2020.108078 · Cited by 37
Fisiopatologia da esquizofrenia: aspectos atuais
Neto, A. G. D. A. A., Bressan, R. A., & Busatto, G. F. (2007) · Archives of Clinical Psychiatry (São Paulo) · doi:10.1590/s0101-60832007000800010 · Cited by 51
Oscillatory Cortical Network Involved in Auditory Verbal Hallucinations in Schizophrenia
van Lutterveld, R., Hillebrand, A., Diederen, K. M. J., Daalman, K., Kahn, R. S., Stam, C. J., & Sommer, I. E. (2012) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0041149 · Cited by 32
“Several studies have used this approach [4–14].”
Fluordeoxyglucose-PET study in first-episode schizophrenic patients during the hallucinatory state, after remission and during linguistic–auditory activation
Parellada, E., Lomeña, F., Font, M., Pareto, D., Gutiérrez, F., Simó, M., Fernández-Egea, E., Pavı́a, J., Ros, D., & Bernardo, M. (2008) · Nuclear Medicine Communications · doi:10.1097/mnm.0b013e328302cd10 · Cited by 32
Functional deficit in the medial prefrontal cortex during a language comprehension task in patients with schizophrenia
Dollfus, S., Razafimandimby, A., Maïza, O., Lebain, P., Brazo, P., Beaucousin, V., Lecardeur, L., Delamillieure, P., Mazoyer, B. M., & Tzourio‐Mazoyer, N. (2008) · Schizophrenia Research · doi:10.1016/j.schres.2007.11.016 · Cited by 31
“Recent structural and functional neuroimaging studies have shown the involvement of brain language areas in verbal auditory hallucinations (Barta et al., 1990; Dierks et al., 1999; Levitan et al., 1999; Lennox et al., 2000; McGuire et al., 1993; Rajarethinam et al., 2000; Shergill et al., 2000) and thought disorders (…”
Background
Disruption of thalamocortical activity in schizophrenia models: relevance to antipsychotic drug action
Celada, P., Lladó-Pelfort, L., Santana, N., Kargieman, L., Troyano‐Rodriguez, E., Riga, M. S., & Artigas, F. (2013) · The International Journal of Neuropsychopharmacology · doi:10.1017/s1461145713000643 · Cited by 33
“, 2003) and psychotic symptoms such as hallucinations are associated with hyperactivity of this PFC subdivision (Shergill et al., 2000).”
Background
Lateral asymmetry and reduced forward masking effect in early brainstem auditory evoked responses in schizophrenia
Källstrand, J., Nehlstedt, S. F., Sköld, M. L., & Nielzén, S. (2012) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2011.08.024 · Cited by 31
“Interestingly, auditory hallucinations are associated with neural activation in right inferior colliculus and right thalamus (Shergill et al., 2000) in a study that identified an extensive network of cortical and subcortical areas associated with auditory hallucinations.”
Background
Increase of striatal dopamine transmission in first episode drug-naive schizophrenic patients as demonstrated by [(123)I]IBZM SPECT.
Schmitt, G., Meisenzahl, E., Frodl, T., la Fougére, C., Hahn, K., Möller, H., & Dresel, S. (2009) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/j.pscychresns.2008.11.001 · Cited by 33
The dual origin hypothesis: An evolutionary brain-behavior framework for analyzing psychiatric disorders
Giaccio, R. G. (2005) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2005.04.021 · Cited by 34
Dopamine Neurotransmission and Atypical Antipsychotics in Prefrontal Cortex: A Critical Review
Masana, M., Santana, N., Artigas, F., & Bortolozzi, A. A. (2012) · Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry · doi:10.2174/156802612805289872 · Cited by 31
Brodmann area analysis of white matter anisotropy and age in schizophrenia
Schneiderman, J. S., Hazlett, E. A., Chu, K.-W., Zhang, J., Goodman, C. R., Newmark, R. E., Torosjan, Y., Canfield, E. L., Entis, J. J., Mitropoulou, V., et al. (2011) · Schizophrenia Research · doi:10.1016/j.schres.2011.04.027 · Cited by 30
“in which the patients with schizophrenia showed an increase in anisotropy in age as compared to the control subjects were areas in the primary auditory cortex, a key area of dysfunction in schizophrenia (Shergill et al., 2000).”
Background
Indication of increased phase coupling between theta and gamma EEG rhythms associated with the experience of auditory verbal hallucinations
Koutsoukos, E., Angelopoulos, E. K., Maillis, A., Papadimitriou, G. N., & Stefanis, C. N. (2012) · Neuroscience Letters · doi:10.1016/j.neulet.2012.12.005 · Cited by 30
Semantic fluency deficits and reduced grey matter before transition to psychosis: A voxelwise correlational analysis
Meijer, J. H., Schmitz, N., Nieman, D. H., Becker, H. E., van Amelsvoort, T., Dingemans, P. M. A. J., LINSZEN, D. H., & de Haan, L. (2011) · Psychiatry Research Neuroimaging · doi:10.1016/j.pscychresns.2011.01.004 · Cited by 30

Authors: Shergill, S. S., Brammer, M. J., Williams, S. C. R., Murray, R. M., & McGuire, P. K.
Affiliations: King's College London (GB)
ORCID: Shergill, Sukhwinder S.
Brammer, Michael J.
Williams, Steven C. R.
Murray, Robin M.
McGuire, Philip K.
Venue: Archives of General Psychiatry
Publisher: American Medical Association (AMA)
Published: 2000-11-01
Volume: 57
Issue: 11
Pages: 1033
ISSN: 0003-990X (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1001/archpsyc.57.11.1033
OpenAlex: W2022503841
Cited by: 666
References: 36
Citations by year: 2026: 11 · 2025: 13 · 2024: 12 · 2023: 18 · 2022: 20 · 2021: 14 · 2020: 13 · 2019: 17 · 2018: 22 · 2017: 20 · 2016: 22 · 2015: 20 · 2014: 28 · 2013: 30 · 2012: 43
FWCI: 11.08
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Locations: Archives of General Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Research Portal (King's College London) (submittedVersion)
Topics: Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Hallucinations in medical conditions
Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Schizophrenia research and treatment
Social Sciences › Arts and Humanities › Philosophy › Mental Health and Psychiatry
Keywords: auditory verbal hallucinations, schizophrenia, spontaneous neuronal activity, inferior frontal cortex, insula, anterior cingulate cortex, thalamus, inferior colliculus, hippocampus, parahippocampal cortex, temporal cortex, distributed neural networks
MeSH terms: Auditory Perception, Brain Mapping, Hallucinations, Humans, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Schizophrenia, Schizophrenic Psychology

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Mapping Auditory Hallucinations in Schizophrenia Using Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging

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