Dysfunctional neural plasticity in patients with schizophrenia
Abstract
CONTEXT: Neural plasticity in the human cortex involves a reorganization of synaptic connections in an effort to adapt to a changing environment. In schizophrenia, dysfunctional neural plasticity has been proposed as a key pathophysiological mechanism. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate neural plasticity in unmedicated and medicated patients with schizophrenia compared with healthy subjects. DESIGN: Neural plasticity can be evaluated from the motor cortex in healthy subjects using transcranial magnetic stimulation through a paradigm known as use-dependent plasticity. This paradigm involves several steps: (1) measuring the spontaneous direction of transcranial magnetic stimulation-induced thumb movements; (2) training subjects to practice thumb movements opposite to this baseline direction for 30 minutes; and (3) measuring the direction of transcranial magnetic stimulation-induced thumb movement after training. Previous experiments have shown that in healthy subjects, posttraining transcranial magnetic stimulation-induced movements occur in a vector commensurate with the practiced movements, which may be associated with time-limited reorganization of motor circuits. SETTING: All of the participants were recruited and evaluated at the Centre for Addiction and Mental Health. PARTICIPANTS: Fourteen medicated and 6 unmedicated patients with schizophrenia and 20 healthy subjects were recruited. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: It was anticipated that patients with schizophrenia would demonstrate attenuated motor reorganization in the direction of training. RESULTS: Both medicated and unmedicated patients with schizophrenia demonstrated significantly reduced motor reorganization compared with healthy subjects. CONCLUSIONS: It is possible that in schizophrenia, these deficits in neural plasticity are related to disturbances of gamma-aminobutyric acid, N-methyl-D-aspartate neurotransmission, or dopamine that may potentially account for the aberrant motor performance of these patients.
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In chronic schizophrenia patients, deficits in visual cortex and long-term potentiation-like plasticity are reported when probed by transcranial direct current stimulation.
“In chronic schizophrenia patients, deficits in visual cortex and long-term potentiation-like plasticity are reported when probed by transcranial direct current stimulation (55–58).”
From Prolonged Period of Cortical Plasticity upon Redox Dysregulation in Fast-Spiking Interneurons (2015) · cites this paper as [55]
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RetractedGattuso, J. J., Kamal, A., Payet, J. M., Havaux, K., Hendey, J., Bezcioglu, B., Phelan, Z. J., Orchard, M., Bhanot, D., Hale, M. W., et al. (2026) · Neuropsychopharmacology · doi:10.1038/s41386-026-02501-3 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
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- Authors
- Daskalakis, Z. J., Christensen, B. K., Fitzgerald, P. B., & Chen, R.
- Affiliations
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CA)
- University of Toronto (CA)
- Monash Health (AU)
- Venue
- Archives of General Psychiatry
- Publisher
- American Medical Association (AMA)
- Published
- 2008-04-01
- Volume
- 65
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 378
- ISSN
- 0003-990X (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2112468165
- Cited by
- 130
- References
- 45
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 19 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 6 · 2015: 12 · 2014: 17 · 2013: 9 · 2012: 15
- FWCI
- 4.91
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Archives of General Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Schizophrenia research and treatment
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Studies
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
- Keywords
- schizophrenia, neuroplasticity, use-dependent plasticity, motor cortex, motor reorganization, transcranial magnetic stimulation, antipsychotic drugs, GABA, dopamine, motor performance
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Demography, Electromyography, Female, Humans, Male, Motor Cortex, Neuronal Plasticity, Orientation, Schizophrenia, Teaching, Antipsychotic Agents, Receptors, Dopamine D2, Receptors, GABA, Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation
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