The DOI matches its Crossref record; 85 of the 92 references it cites were found in a registry or an index; none of the 68 sources its claims cite is checked for support yet.
Treating Drug Abuse and Addiction in the Criminal Justice System: Improving Public Health and Safety
Open accessAbstract
Despite increasing evidence that addiction is a treatable disease of the brain, most individuals do not receive treatment. Involvement in the criminal justice system often results from illegal drug-seeking behavior and participation in illegal activities that reflect, in part, disrupted behavior ensuing from brain changes triggered by repeated drug use. Treating drug-involved offenders provides a unique opportunity to decrease substance abuse and reduce associated criminal behavior. Emerging neuroscience has the potential to transform traditional sanction-oriented public safety approaches by providing new therapeutic strategies against addiction that could be used in the criminal justice system. We summarize relevant neuroscientific findings and evidence-based principles of addiction treatment that, if implemented in the criminal justice system, could help improve public heath and reduce criminal behavior.
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None of the sources cited for this claim could be matched to a paper in Crossref, so there is nothing to check it against.
In the paper
“An estimated one-half of all prisoners (including some sentenced for other than drug offenses) meet the criteria for diagnosis of drug abuse or dependence (Table 1).3,4”
§ Treating Drug Abuse and Addiction in the Criminal Justice System: Improving Public Health and Safety > Abstract
What the sources say
- Not matchedcites [3]
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None of the sources cited for this claim could be matched to a paper in Crossref, so there is nothing to check it against.
In the paper
“most prisoners (80%–85%) who could benefit from drug abuse treatment do not receive it.3,4”
§ Treating Drug Abuse and Addiction in the Criminal Justice System: Improving Public Health and Safety > Abstract
What the sources say
- Not matchedcites [3]
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In the paper
“drug-using offenders are at high risk for infectious diseases such as human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and hepatitis C5”
§ Treating Drug Abuse and Addiction in the Criminal Justice System: Improving Public Health and Safety > Abstract
What the sources say
- Not matchedcites [5]
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
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In the paper
“The large increase in the criminal justice population reflects in part tougher laws and penalties for drug offenses.2”
§ Treating Drug Abuse and Addiction in the Criminal Justice System: Improving Public Health and Safety > Abstract
What the sources say
- Not matchedcites [2]
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
Strength:hedged· not yet calibratedCausal:conditional· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes? Load-bearing: unclear✓ Based: passes- Not matched
None of the sources cited for this claim could be matched to a paper in Crossref, so there is nothing to check it against.
In the paper
“frequently have co-morbid psychiatric disorders,6,7”
§ Treating Drug Abuse and Addiction in the Criminal Justice System: Improving Public Health and Safety > Abstract
What the sources say
- Not matchedcites [6]
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In the paper
“in- carceration in the United States costs approximately $22 000 per month,36”
§ Treating Drug Abuse and Addiction in the Criminal Justice System: Improving Public Health and Safety > Drug Abuse Treatment Effectiveness in the Criminal Justice System
What the sources say
- Not matchedcites [36]
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In the paper
“prison-based treatment saves between $2 to $6.39”
§ Treating Drug Abuse and Addiction in the Criminal Justice System: Improving Public Health and Safety > Drug Abuse Treatment Effectiveness in the Criminal Justice System
What the sources say
- Not matchedcites [39]
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
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In the paper
“The molecular and neurobiological adaptations resulting from chronic drug use persist for months after drug discontinuation,14”
§ Treating Drug Abuse and Addiction in the Criminal Justice System: Improving Public Health and Safety > Recidivism in the Drug-Abusing Offender
What the sources say
- Not matchedcites [14]
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None of the sources cited for this claim could be matched to a paper in Crossref, so there is nothing to check it against.
In the paper
“Continuity of treatment for released offenders with infectious disease is crucial not only for the individual’s health51,52 but also for the health of the community.45,53”
§ Treating Drug Abuse and Addiction in the Criminal Justice System: Improving Public Health and Safety > Access to Treatment
What the sources say
- Not matchedcites [51]
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- Not matchedcites [53]
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Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passes- Not matched
None of the sources cited for this claim have been checked yet.
In the paper
“Addiction also decreases sensitivity in the reward and the motivational circuits, which modulate response to positive as well as negative reinforcers.”
§ Treating Drug Abuse and Addiction in the Criminal Justice System: Improving Public Health and Safety > Neurobiology of Addiction
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passes
- It may state two separate claims as one. 14
- Probably not a substantial claim. 6
In the paper
“Drug courts combine judicial supervision with drug treatment as an alternative to incarceration; their graduates have rearrest rates about half those of matched comparison samples and much lower than those of drug court dropouts.28”
- Also stated in: § Drug Abuse Treatment Effectiveness in the Criminal Justice System · plain
“their graduates have rearrest rates about half those of matched comparison samples and much lower than those of drug court dropouts.28”
§ Treating Drug Abuse and Addiction in the Criminal Justice System: Improving Public Health and Safety > Drug Abuse Treatment Effectiveness in the Criminal Justice System
What the sources say
- Not matchedcites [28]
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
- Also stated in: § Drug Abuse Treatment Effectiveness in the Criminal Justice System · plain
In the paper
“Integrating treatment into the criminal justice system would provide treatment to individuals who otherwise would not receive it, improving their medical outcomes and decreasing their rates of reincarceration.8”
§ Treating Drug Abuse and Addiction in the Criminal Justice System: Improving Public Health and Safety > Abstract
What the sources say
- Not matchedcites [8]
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
- Rests on an assumption: Only a small proportion of people who need drug addiction treatment seek it voluntarily.
- Not matched
In the paper
“approximately 7.1 million adults in the United States are under some form of criminal justice supervision.1”
§ Treating Drug Abuse and Addiction in the Criminal Justice System: Improving Public Health and Safety > Abstract
What the sources say
- Not matchedcites [1]
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
Strength:hedged· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✗ Load-bearing: fails✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
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In the paper
“Addiction is a chronic brain disease for which genetic factors are believed to contribute 40% to 60% of the vulnerability.54”
§ Treating Drug Abuse and Addiction in the Criminal Justice System: Improving Public Health and Safety > Neurobiology of Addiction
What the sources say
- Not matchedcites [54]
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
Strength:hedged· not yet calibratedCausal:conditional· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes? Load-bearing: unclear✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
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In the paper
“Research has consistently shown that community-based drug abuse treatment can reduce drug use and drug-related criminal behavior.26”
§ Treating Drug Abuse and Addiction in the Criminal Justice System: Improving Public Health and Safety > Drug Abuse Treatment Effectiveness in the Criminal Justice System
What the sources say
- Not matchedcites [26]
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
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In the paper
“most correctional agencies reported providing sometype of drug abuse treatment services;however, the median percentage of offenders who had access to those services at any given time was low, usually less than 10% (Table 2).42”
§ Treating Drug Abuse and Addiction in the Criminal Justice System: Improving Public Health and Safety > Access to Treatment
What the sources say
- Not matchedcites [42]
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
Load-bearingStrength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
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In the paper
“Infectious diseases such as HIV and hepatitis C are associated with illicit drug use and occur at higher rates in correctional populations than in the general population,5”
§ Treating Drug Abuse and Addiction in the Criminal Justice System: Improving Public Health and Safety > Access to Treatment
What the sources say
- Not matchedcites [5]
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedCausal:correlational· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes? Load-bearing: unclear✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
- Not matched
In the paper
“This helps explain why addicted individuals who have ceased drug use are at high risk of relapse and provides neurobiological support for the recognition of addiction as a chronic relapsing disease.72”
§ Treating Drug Abuse and Addiction in the Criminal Justice System: Improving Public Health and Safety > Neurobiology of Addiction
What the sources say
- Not matchedcites [72]
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
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In the paper
“these conditioned cues automatically activate the reward/motivational neurocircuitry and can trigger an intense desire to consume drugs (craving).13”
§ Treating Drug Abuse and Addiction in the Criminal Justice System: Improving Public Health and Safety > Recidivism in the Drug-Abusing Offender
What the sources say
- Not matchedcites [13]
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
- Not matched
None of the sources cited for this claim could be matched to a paper in Crossref, so there is nothing to check it against.
In the paper
“repeated drug use also affects brain regions implicated in mood and anxiety, which could explain the high rate of addiction comorbid with dysphoria, depression, or both and the vulnerability of the addicted person to relapse when exposed to social stressors.65,66”
§ Treating Drug Abuse and Addiction in the Criminal Justice System: Improving Public Health and Safety > Neurobiology of Addiction
What the sources say
- Not matchedcites [65]
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
- Not matchedcites [66]
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Strength:hedged· not yet calibratedCausal:conditional· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes? Load-bearing: unclear✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
- Not matched
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Identifying the neurologic factors underlying addictive behavior can place these moral arguments into a more reasoned context.”
§ Treating Drug Abuse and Addiction in the Criminal Justice System: Improving Public Health and Safety > Neurobiology of Addiction > Box. NIDA Principles of Drug Abuse Treatment for Criminal Justice Populations
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✗ Checkable: fails✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. It may be too vague to check against evidence.
In the paper
“The persistence of neurologic deficits provides support for the recognition of addiction as a chronic disease and highlights the need for the same continuity of care so important in treatment of other chronic diseases (eg, asthma, hypertension).72”
§ Treating Drug Abuse and Addiction in the Criminal Justice System: Improving Public Health and Safety > Neurobiology of Addiction > Box. NIDA Principles of Drug Abuse Treatment for Criminal Justice Populations
What the sources say
- Not matchedcites [72]
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
- Not matched
None of the sources cited for this claim could be matched to a paper in Crossref, so there is nothing to check it against.
In the paper
“Disruption of these circuits impairs the addicted person’s ability to inhibit intentional actions or to control strong emotions and desires and also increases the likelihood that the individual will have difficulties making adaptive decisions.60,61”
§ Treating Drug Abuse and Addiction in the Criminal Justice System: Improving Public Health and Safety > Neurobiology of Addiction
What the sources say
- Not matchedcites [60]
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
- Not matchedcites [61]
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
- Not matched
None of the sources cited for this claim could be matched to a paper in Crossref, so there is nothing to check it against.
In the paper
“Individuals who participated in prison-based treatment followed by a community-based program postincarceration were 7 times more likely to be drug free and 3 times less likely to be arrested for criminal behavior than those not receiving treatment.29,30”
§ Treating Drug Abuse and Addiction in the Criminal Justice System: Improving Public Health and Safety > Drug Abuse Treatment Effectiveness in the Criminal Justice System
What the sources say
- Not matchedcites [29]
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
- Not matchedcites [30]
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Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
- Not matched
The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Opiate agonist medications used for the treatment of heroin addiction such as methadone and buprenorphine are underused in correctional populations.”
§ Treating Drug Abuse and Addiction in the Criminal Justice System: Improving Public Health and Safety > Neurobiology of Addiction > Substance Abuse Treatment Research in Criminal Justice Settings
Load-bearingStrength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✗ Based: failsProbably not a substantial claim. The paper may give no reason why it holds.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The increase in the number of drug-abusing offenders highlights the urgency to institute treatments for populations involved in the criminal justice system.”
§ Treating Drug Abuse and Addiction in the Criminal Justice System: Improving Public Health and Safety > Conclusions
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Naltrexone is likely to be more acceptable in the criminal justice setting than agonist medications.”
§ Treating Drug Abuse and Addiction in the Criminal Justice System: Improving Public Health and Safety > Neurobiology of Addiction > Substance Abuse Treatment Research in Criminal Justice Settings
Strength:hedged· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✗ Load-bearing: fails✗ Based: failsProbably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. The paper may give no reason why it holds.
None of the sources cited for this claim could be matched to a paper in Crossref, so there is nothing to check it against.
In the paper
“Punishment alone is a futile and ineffective response to drug abuse,2 failing as a public safety intervention for offenders whose criminal behavior is directly related to drug use.81”
§ Treating Drug Abuse and Addiction in the Criminal Justice System: Improving Public Health and Safety > Conclusions
What the sources say
- Not matchedcites [2]
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- Not matchedcites [81]
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
Load-bearingStrength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
- Rests on an assumption: Incarceration has little evidence of reducing drug use or drug-related re-incarceration for nonviolent drug offenders.
- Not matched
The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Addiction is a chronic brain disease with a strong genetic component that in most instances requires treatment.”
§ Treating Drug Abuse and Addiction in the Criminal Justice System: Improving Public Health and Safety > Conclusions
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✗ Based: failsProbably not a substantial claim. The paper may give no reason why it holds. It may state two separate claims as one.
The paper relies on this without support.
Incarceration has little evidence of reducing drug use or drug-related re-incarceration for nonviolent drug offenders.
“there is little evidence that this strategy reduces drug use or drug-related re-incarceration rates for nonviolent drug offenders.”
The paper relies on this without support.
Addiction is still a stigmatized condition that the criminal justice system often does not treat as medical.
“Addiction remains a stigmatized disease not often regarded by the criminal justice system as a medical condition”
The paper relies on this without support.
Treatment for addiction is not constitutionally guaranteed in the way treatment for other medical conditions is.
“as a consequence, treatment is not constitutionally guaranteed as is the treatment of other medical conditions.”
The paper relies on this without support.
Integrating volunteer-led self-help groups into criminal justice settings has only nominal cost.
“The cost of integrating volunteer-led self-help organizations such as Alcoholics Anonymous and Narcotics Anonymous into criminal justice settings is nominal”
The paper relies on this without support.
Only a small proportion of people who need drug addiction treatment seek it voluntarily.
“Only a small percentage of those requiring treatment for drug addiction seek help voluntarily”
The paper relies on this without support.
Many barriers, including insufficient resources, infrastructure, and treatment staff, prevent meeting the drug treatment needs of drug-involved offenders.
“There are many barriers to treatment for the drug-involved offender, including lack of the resources, infrastructure, and treatment staff (including physicians knowledgeable about addiction medicine) required to meet the drug treatment needs of individuals under their supervision.”
The paper relies on this without support.
Poor compliance with naltrexone has restricted its use for heroin addiction.
“However, the poor compliance with naltrexone has limited its use in the treatment of heroin addiction.”
The paper relies on this without support.
There are currently several ways to provide drug abuse treatment instead of incarceration.
“Several avenues currently exist for providing drug abuse treatment as an alternative to incarceration.”
The paper relies on this without support.
The number of drug courts has grown to nearly 2000 since the first one in Miami in 1989.
“from the first drug court established in Miami in 1989, drug courts have increased in number to nearly 2000 today.”
The paper relies on this without support.
Some states, including Arizona, California, and New York, have established treatment alternatives to incarceration for certain drug offenders.
“States such as Arizona, California, and New York have created treatment alternatives to incarceration for first-time drug offenders, juvenile offenders, and others.”
The paper relies on this without support.
Many states face political pressure to cut incarceration costs by diverting nonviolent drug offenders into treatment.
“Many states are coming under political pressure to reduce the costs associated with incarceration by diverting nonviolent drug offenders to treatment.”
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“Almost 85% of inmates who could benefit from treatment do not receive it within a US correctional facility (Chandler et al., 2009).”
From Reducing criminal recidivism in Alaska: The Set Free Model (2023) · cites this paper as Chandler et al., 2009
In the citing paper
“A history of drug use or misuse is pervasive among prison inmates by every measure, including prior use, use at the time the offense is committed, drug abuse, and drug dependence [2-4].”
From Return to drug use and overdose after release from prison: A qualitative study of risk and protective factors (2012) · cites this paper as [3]
In the citing paper
“Despite the magnitude of the problem of substance use disorders among criminal justice populations, prisoners have limited access to evidence-based substance abuse treatment during incarceration, during the transition to the community, or while under community supervision [3,5-7].”
From Return to drug use and overdose after release from prison: A qualitative study of risk and protective factors (2012) · cites this paper as [3]
In the citing paper
“Evidence-based opioid-agonist maintenance therapies for opioid dependence (methadone and buprenorphine) are effective in prison, jail, and community reentry (i.e., parole) settings2–5 but have historically been unavailable or discouraged among criminal justice clients.6–8”
From Extended-release naltrexone to prevent opioid relapse in criminal justice offenders (2016) · cites this paper as [7]
Citations
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Neural systems of reinforcement for drug addiction: from actions to habits to compulsion
Everitt, B. J., & Robbins, T. W. (2005) · Nature Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nn1579 · Cited by 3,785 · cited 1×
“These stimuli trigger automatic responses that frequently drive relapse, even in individuals motivated to stop taking drugs.(63) The”
BackgroundThe Neural Basis of Addiction: A Pathology of Motivation and Choice
Kalivas, P. W., & Volkow, N. D. (2005) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.162.8.1403 · Cited by 2,757 · cited 1×
“One can also predict that dysfunction in this neurocircuitry would reduce an addicted person’s motivation to abstain from drug use because alternative reinforcers (natural stimuli) arecomparativelyweakerand negative consequences (eg, incarceration) are less salient.(62)”
BackgroundSelf-citationDrug abuse: hedonic homeostatic dysregulation
Koob, G. F., & Moal, M. L. (1997) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.278.5335.52 · Cited by 2,535 · cited 1×
“Additionally, repeated drug use also affects brain regions implicated in mood and anxiety, which could explain the high rate of addiction comorbid with dysphoria, depression, or both and the vulnerabilityof theaddictedpersontorelapsewhen exposed to social stressors.(65,66) Impairment of the neural substrates affected…”
BackgroundRelease from prison–a high risk of death for former inmates
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“Failure to receive treatment on release increases the risk not only of relapse but alsoofmortality fromdrugoverdoseand other causes.(44) Infectious diseases such as HIV and hepatitis C are associated with illicit drug use and occur at higher rates in correctional populations than in the general population,(5) but trea…”
BackgroundDamage to the insula disrupts addiction to cigarette smoking
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“As discussed below, these conditioned cues automatically activate the reward/ motivational neurocircuitry and can trigger an intense desire to consume drugs (craving).(13) The molecular and neurobiological adaptations resulting from chronic drug use persist for months after drug discontinuation,(14) and evidence exist…”
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Plasticity of reward neurocircuitry and the ‘dark side’ of drug addiction
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Sorted by citations
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BackgroundAddiction circuitry in the human brain
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“However, as few as 15% of inmates in need of drug treatment actually receive it during incarceration (11, 17, 27).”
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The dopamine hypothesis of drug addiction and its potential therapeutic value
Diana, M. (2011) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2011.00064 · Cited by 251
“Drug addiction is a brain disease that produces profound modifications in human behavior (Hyman, 2007; Koob and Volkow, 2010), with important negative consequences at various levels, including personal health, employment, family interactions, and society in general (Chandler et al., 2009).”
BackgroundBaillargeon, J., Penn, J. V., Knight, K., Harzke, A. J., Baillargeon, G., & Becker, E. (2010) · Administration and Policy in Mental Health and Mental Health Services Research · doi:10.1007/s10488-009-0252-9 · Cited by 200
Health Disparities and the Criminal Justice System: An Agenda for Further Research and Action
Binswanger, I. A., Redmond, N., Steiner, J. F., & Hicks, L. S. (2011) · Journal of Urban Health · doi:10.1007/s11524-011-9614-1 · Cited by 234
“Many scholars, scientists, and public health officials have called for improving public health through programs in the criminal justice system, for instance through expanded HIV and hepatitis C screening, hepatitis B vaccination, and effective treatment of substance use disorders.(52,53) Whether or not criminal justic…”
Stigma and substance use disorders: A clinical, research, and advocacy agenda.
Earnshaw, V. A. (2020) · American Psychologist · doi:10.1037/amp0000744 · Cited by 249
“Once in the criminal justice system, a low proportion of people who need SUD treatment actually receive it (Chandler et al., 2009).”
BackgroundAddiction: Pulling at the Neural Threads of Social Behaviors
Volkow, N. D., Baler, R., & Goldstein, R. Z. (2011) · Neuron · doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2011.01.027 · Cited by 231
Self-citationKamarulzaman, A., Reid, S. E., Schwitters, A. M., Wiessing, L. G., El‐Bassel, N., Dolan, K. A., Moazen, B., Wirtz, A. L., Verster, A. D., & Altice, F. L. (2016) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(16)30769-3 · Cited by 205
Matusow, H., Dickman, S., Rich, J. D., Fong, C., Dumont, D. M., Hardin, C., Marlowe, D. B., & Rosenblum, A. (2012) · Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment · doi:10.1016/j.jsat.2012.10.004 · Cited by 204
“In the US, drug treatment courts (drug courts), have become increasingly popular as a means of diverting non-violent drug offenders away from jails and prisons into more treatmentoriented settings (Brown, 2010; Chandler et al., 2009; Kushel et al., 2005; Marlowe, 2003).”
BackgroundTreating Substance Use Disorders in the Criminal Justice System
Belenko, S. R., Hiller, M. L., & Hamilton, L. (2013) · Current Psychiatry Reports · doi:10.1007/s11920-013-0414-z · Cited by 205
Prescription opioid abuse: Problems and responses
Compton, W. M., Boyle, M., & Wargo, E. M. (2015) · Preventive Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.ypmed.2015.04.003 · Cited by 186
“Additionally, law enforcement, and the criminal justice system more broadly, can play an important role in bringing people with substance use disorders into treatment and supporting continuity of care across community and correctional settings (Chandler et al., 2009).”
BackgroundChang, Z., Lichtenstein, P., Larsson, H., & Fazel, S. (2015) · The Lancet Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/s2215-0366(15)00088-7 · Cited by 152
Williams, W. H., Cordan, G., Mewse, A. J., Tonks, J., & Burgess, C. N. W. (2010) · Neuropsychological Rehabilitation · doi:10.1080/09602011.2010.519613 · Cited by 154
Envisioning the next generation of behavioral health and criminal justice interventions
Epperson, M. W., Wolff, N., Morgan, R. D., Fisher, W. H., Frueh, B. C., & Huening, J. (2014) · International Journal of Law and Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.ijlp.2014.02.015 · Cited by 153
Springer, S. A., Qiu, J., Saber-Tehrani, A. S., & Altice, F. L. (2012) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0038335 · Cited by 141
“[26,27] Cited reasons for the lack of implementation of OST involving CJS populations are multiple, including: 1) ideology that OST is replacing one addiction for another; 2) stringent licensing regulations; 3) concerns about diversion; and 4) costs.”
BackgroundChang, Z., Lichtenstein, P., Långström, N., Larsson, H., & Fazel, S. (2016) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.2016.15380 · Cited by 130
Teplin, L. A., Welty, L. J., Abram, K. M., Dulcan, M. K., & Washburn, J. J. (2012) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archgenpsychiatry.2011.2062 · Cited by 136
Risk factors for all-cause, overdose and early deaths after release from prison in Washington state
Binswanger, I. A., Blatchford, P. J., Lindsay, R. G., & Stern, M. F. (2011) · Drug and Alcohol Dependence · doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2010.11.029 · Cited by 113
Springer, S. A., Chen, S., & Altice, F. L. (2010) · Journal of Urban Health · doi:10.1007/s11524-010-9438-4 · Cited by 116
Optimization of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Treatment During Incarceration
Meyer, J. P., Cepeda, J., Wu, J., Trestman, R. L., Altice, F. L., & Springer, S. A. (2014) · JAMA Internal Medicine · doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2014.601 · Cited by 114
Opportunities to Diagnose, Treat, and Prevent HIV in the Criminal Justice System
Beckwith, C. G., Zaller, N. D., Fu, J. J., Montague, B. T., & Rich, J. D. (2010) · JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes · doi:10.1097/qai.0b013e3181f9c0f7 · Cited by 112
“Incarcerated persons are among the most challenging to diagnose and treat for HIV, but they are also most likely to benefit from HIV prevention interventions given their high rates of substance dependence and related HIV risk behaviors.(3) Important opportunities for health interventions exist within correctional inst…”
BackgroundDrug use disorders: impact of a public health rather than a criminal justice approach
Volkow, N. D., Poznyak, V. B., Saxena, S., Gerra, G., & UNODC‐WHO Informal International Scientific Network (2017) · World Psychiatry · doi:10.1002/wps.20428 · Cited by 111
Self-citationFriedmann, P. D., Wilson, D., Knudsen, H. K., Ducharme, L. J., Welsh, W. N., Frisman, L. K., Knight, K. K., Lin, H., James, A., Albizu‐García, C. E., et al. (2014) · Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment · doi:10.1016/j.jsat.2014.10.001 · Cited by 106
Gordon, M. S., Kinlock, T. W., Schwartz, R. P., Fitzgerald, T. T., O’Grady, K. E., & Vocci, F. J. (2014) · Drug and Alcohol Dependence · doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2014.05.011 · Cited by 112
Predicting Recidivism for Released State Prison Offenders
Stahler, G. J., Mennis, J. L., Belenko, S. R., Welsh, W. N., Hiller, M. L., & Zajac, G. (2013) · Criminal Justice and Behavior · doi:10.1177/0093854812469609 · Cited by 110
Trauma Exposure and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder among Incarcerated Men
Wolff, N., Huening, J., Shi, J. C., & Frueh, B. C. (2014) · Journal of Urban Health · doi:10.1007/s11524-014-9871-x · Cited by 112
How Health Care Reform Can Transform The Health Of Criminal Justice–Involved Individuals
Rich, J. D., Chandler, R. K., Williams, B. A., Dumont, D. M., Wang, E. A., Taxman, F. S., Allen, S., Clarke, J. G., Greifinger, R. B., Wildeman, C., et al. (2014) · Health Affairs · doi:10.1377/hlthaff.2013.1133 · Cited by 105
Self-citationCooperative, T. J.-T., Knight, D. K., Belenko, S. R., Wiley, T., Robertson, A. A., Arrigona, N., Dennis, M. L., Bartkowski, J. P., McReynolds, L. S., Becan, J. E., et al. (2015) · Implementation Science · doi:10.1186/s13012-016-0423-5 · Cited by 102
“Given the contribution of substance use to recidivism, JJ agencies are uniquely positioned to significantly impact public health through substance use identification and early intervention [13].”
BackgroundAn analysis of ethical issues in using wastewater analysis to monitor illicit drug use
Hall, W., Prichard, J., Kirkbride, K. P., Bruno, R., Thai, P. K., GARTNER, C. E., Lai, F. Y., Ort, C., & Mueller, J. F. (2012) · Addiction · doi:10.1111/j.1360-0443.2012.03887.x · Cited by 103
“Drug use in prisons endangers the health and safety of prisoners and prison staff [40,42].”
BackgroundThe Urgency Of Providing Comprehensive And Integrated Treatment For Substance Abusers With HIV
Volkow, N. D., & Montaner, J. S. G. (2011) · Health Affairs · doi:10.1377/hlthaff.2011.0663 · Cited by 103
Self-citationFazel, S., Chang, Z., Fanshawe, T. R., Långström, N., Lichtenstein, P., Larsson, H., & Mallett, S. (2016) · The Lancet Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/s2215-0366(16)00103-6 · Cited by 110
Fox, A. D., Maradiaga, J., Weiss, L., Sanchez, J., Starrels, J. L., & Cunningham, C. O. (2015) · Addiction Science & Clinical Practice · doi:10.1186/s13722-014-0023-0 · Cited by 101
“Few inmates with opioid use disorder receive addiction treatment during incarceration, and rates of relapse and opioid overdose-related deaths (109 deaths per 100,000 person years, or 15 percent of all deaths among former inmates) are tragically high following release [6-9].”
BackgroundInfluentialHuhn, A. S., Hobelmann, J. G., Strickland, J. C., Oyler, G. A., Bergeria, C. L., Umbricht, A., & Dunn, K. E. (2020) · JAMA Network Open · doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2019.20843 · Cited by 95
The effect of Medicaid expansion on crime reduction: Evidence from HIFA-waiver expansions
Wen, H., Hockenberry, J. M., & Cummings, J. R. (2017) · Journal of Public Economics · doi:10.1016/j.jpubeco.2017.09.001 · Cited by 94
Hendricks, P. S., Crawford, M. S., Cropsey, K. L., Copes, H., Sweat, N. W., Walsh, Z., & Pavela, G. (2017) · Journal of Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1177/0269881117735685 · Cited by 101
Incarceration, Maternal Hardship, and Perinatal Health Behaviors
Dumont, D. M., Wildeman, C., Lee, H., Gjelsvik, A., Valera, P., & Clarke, J. (2014) · Maternal and Child Health Journal · doi:10.1007/s10995-014-1466-3 · Cited by 68
“Incarceration rates are partially a reflection of actual crime, but they also reflect inadequate availability of community-based mental health care [6–8] and drug treatment [9].”
BackgroundBuilding recovery ready communities: the recovery ready ecosystem model and community framework
Ashford, R. D., Brown, A. M., Ryding, R., & Curtis, B. L. (2019) · Addiction Research & Theory · doi:10.1080/16066359.2019.1571191 · Cited by 99
“…sustained recovery for individuals is also likely to have larger effects on the burden to the United States, resulting from less criminal activity (Chandler et al. 2009) and increases in wage earning (e.g. taxable income) (Hoge et al. 2013), though the measured impact of such outcomes is lacking.”
BackgroundHendricks, P. S., Clark, C. B., Johnson, M. W., Fontaine, K. R., & Cropsey, K. L. (2014) · Journal of Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1177/0269881113513851 · Cited by 96
“…involvement in the criminal justice system often results from drug-seeking behavior and impulsive conduct exacerbated by compulsive substance use (Chandler et al., 2009), and because individuals in the criminal justice system represent a recalcitrant population with numerous comorbid…”
BackgroundThe impact of the opioid crisis on U.S. state prison systems
Scott, C. K., Dennis, M. L., Grella, C. E., Mischel, A. F., & Carnevale, J. T. (2021) · Health & Justice · doi:10.1186/s40352-021-00143-9 · Cited by 84
Freudenberg, N., & Heller, D. I. (2016) · Annual Review of Public Health · doi:10.1146/annurev-publhealth-032315-021420 · Cited by 67
Who sells what? Country specific differences in substance availability on the Agora cryptomarket
Buskirk, J. V., Naicker, S., Roxburgh, A., Bruno, R., & Burns, L. (2016) · International Journal of Drug Policy · doi:10.1016/j.drugpo.2016.07.004 · Cited by 87
Peters, R. H., Young, M., Rojas, E. C., & Gorey, C. M. (2017) · The American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse · doi:10.1080/00952990.2017.1303838 · Cited by 58
“available findings from offender mental health and substance abuse programs (43,44).”
BackgroundWelty, L. J., Harrison, A. J., Abram, K. M., Olson, N. D., Aaby, D., McCoy, K. P., Washburn, J. J., & Teplin, L. A. (2016) · American Journal of Public Health · doi:10.2105/ajph.2015.303032 · Cited by 81
Missing Data Imputation: A Comprehensive Review
Alwateer, M. M., Atlam, E., El-Raouf, M. M. A., Ghoneim, O. A., & Gad, I. (2024) · Journal of Computer and Communications · doi:10.4236/jcc.2024.1211004 · Cited by 95
A Comparative Study of Factors Associated with Relapse in Alcohol Dependence and Opioid Dependence
Kadam, M., Sinha, A., Nimkar, S., Matcheswalla, Y., & De Sousa, A. (2017) · Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine · doi:10.4103/ijpsym.ijpsym_356_17 · Cited by 80
“Lack of a stable income coupled with financial crunch for acquiring the substance is associated with substance-related criminality.[20] In addition, the cost of acquiring opioid for chronic use is higher than that of alcohol.”
BackgroundMitchell, S. G., Willet, J., Monico, L. B., James, A., Rudes, D. S., Viglioni, J., Schwartz, R. P., Gordon, M., & Friedmann, P. D. (2016) · Substance Abuse · doi:10.1080/08897077.2015.1129389 · Cited by 79
Sewage epidemiology and illicit drug research: The development of ethical research guidelines
Prichard, J., Hall, W., de Voogt, P., & Zuccato, E. (2013) · The Science of The Total Environment · doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.11.039 · Cited by 78
Context-induced relapse after extinction versus punishment: similarities and differences
Marchant, N. J., Campbell, E. J., Pelloux, Y., Bossert, J. M., & Shaham, Y. (2018) · Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1007/s00213-018-4929-1 · Cited by 70
“…in a non-drug context are likely relevant to the high relapse rates in the home environment after periods of incarceration (Binswanger et al. 2013; Chandler et al. 2009; Dolan et al. 2005) or inpatient treatment (Hunt et al. 1971; Sinha 2011) where continued drug use typically results in adverse…”
BackgroundStrategies to enhance linkages between care for HIV/AIDS in jail and community settings
Draine, J., Ahuja, D., Altice, F. L., Arriola, K. J., Avery, A., Beckwith, C. G., Booker, C. A., Ferguson, A., Figueroa, H., Lincoln, T., et al. (2011) · AIDS Care · doi:10.1080/09540121.2010.507738 · Cited by 74
“On average, 17 years pass between availability and implementation of an intervention within the criminal justice system (Chandler, Fletcher, & Volkow, 2009 ).”
BackgroundRetention Strategies for Medications for Opioid Use Disorder in Adults: A Rapid Evidence Review
Chan, B. L., Gean, E. G., Arkhipova-Jenkins, I., Gilbert, J., Hilgart, J., Fiordalisi, C. V., Hubbard, K., Brandt, I., Stoeger, E., Paynter, R. A., et al. (2020) · Journal of Addiction Medicine · doi:10.1097/adm.0000000000000739 · Cited by 73
Comparative Analysis of Attitudes and Emotions Among Inmates
Wolff, N., Morgan, R. D., & Shi, J. C. (2013) · Criminal Justice and Behavior · doi:10.1177/0093854813488760 · Cited by 78
Saloner, B. K., Bandara, S. N., McGinty, E. E., & Barry, C. L. (2016) · Health Affairs · doi:10.1377/hlthaff.2016.0005 · Cited by 69
HIV Risk After Release From Prison: A Qualitative Study of Former Inmates
Adams, J. E., Nowels, C. T., Corsi, K. F., Long, J. A., Steiner, J. F., & Binswanger, I. A. (2011) · JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes · doi:10.1097/qai.0b013e31821e9f41 · Cited by 64
A randomized clinical trial of buprenorphine for prisoners: Findings at 12-months post-release
Gordon, M., Kinlock, T. W., Schwartz, R. P., O’Grady, K. E., Fitzgerald, T. T., & Vocci, F. J. (2017) · Drug and Alcohol Dependence · doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2016.11.037 · Cited by 65
“Therefore, there is a need to adapt and evaluate treatments for opioid use disorder that have proven effectiveness within community settings for prison settings (Chandler et al., 2009; Degenhardt et al., 2014; Dolan et al., 2007; Kinlock et al., 2011).”
BackgroundChitsaz, E., Meyer, J. P., Krishnan, A., Springer, S. A., Marcus, R., Zaller, N. D., Jordan, A. O., Lincoln, T., Flanigan, T., Porterfield, J., et al. (2013) · AIDS and Behavior · doi:10.1007/s10461-013-0506-0 · Cited by 67
“Evidencebased treatments are now routinely available for the treatment of both conditions [2], yet the availability of treatment for SUDs within criminal justice settings remains limited and the lack of treatment results in significant morbidity and mortality and recidivism to CJS [5–9].”
Ahalt, C., Bolano, M., Wang, E. A., & Williams, B. (2015) · Annals of Internal Medicine · doi:10.7326/m14-2161 · Cited by 67
“However, access to care for many prisoners remains inadequate (26, 27), addiction treatment services in prisons and jails and during transition to the community are often outdated or insufficient (28), and mental health care services are overwhelmed by disproportionate rates of mental illness among incarcerated popula…”
BackgroundSchwartz, R. P., Sharma, A., O’Grady, K. E., Kelly, S., Gryczynski, J., & Mitchell, S. G. (2016) · Substance Abuse and Rehabilitation · doi:10.2147/sar.s81602 · Cited by 63
Polcin, D. L., Korcha, R. A., Witbrodt, J., Mericle, A. A., & Mahoney, E. (2018) · Criminal Justice and Behavior · doi:10.1177/0093854818784099 · Cited by 59
Taxman, F. S., Henderson, C. E., & Belenko, S. R. (2009) · Drug and Alcohol Dependence · doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2009.03.003 · Cited by 62
Schiff, D. M., Drainoni, M., Weinstein, Z., Chan, L., Bair‐Merritt, M. H., & Rosenbloom, D. (2017) · Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment · doi:10.1016/j.jsat.2017.09.003 · Cited by 61
“Finally, there has historically been resistance to allowing medication treatment in the criminal justice system, which may have negatively impacted the police views on opioid agonist therapy(Belenko, Hiller, & Hamilton, 2013; Chandler et al., 2009; Gordon, Kinlock, & Miller, 2011).”
BackgroundMaradiaga, J., Nahvi, S., Cunningham, C. O., Sanchez, J., & Fox, A. D. (2015) · Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment · doi:10.1016/j.jsat.2015.11.004 · Cited by 59
Springer, S. A., Azar, M. M., & Altice, F. L. (2010) · The American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse · doi:10.3109/00952990.2010.540280 · Cited by 57
“Clin Infect Dis 2004; 38(12):1754–1760.”
Psychedelic use and intimate partner violence: The role of emotion regulation
Thiessen, M. S., Walsh, Z., Bird, B. M., & Lafrance, A. (2018) · Journal of Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1177/0269881118771782 · Cited by 60
Court personnel attitudes towards medication-assisted treatment: A state-wide survey
Andraka‐Christou, B., Gabriel, M. H., Madeira, J. L., & Silverman, R. D. (2019) · Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment · doi:10.1016/j.jsat.2019.06.011 · Cited by 56
Chamberlain, A., Nyamu, S., Aminawung, J. A., Wang, E. A., Shavit, S., & Fox, A. D. (2019) · Addiction Science & Clinical Practice · doi:10.1186/s13722-019-0136-6 · Cited by 57
Wolff, N., & Shi, J. C. (2015) · Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment · doi:10.1016/j.jsat.2015.01.006 · Cited by 53
“Other research suggests that 70 to 85 percent of state prisoners would benefit from treatment for substance use (Mears et al., 2002; Chandler et al., 2009).”
BackgroundInfluentialGender differences in substance use treatment and substance use among adults on probation
González, J. M. R., Walters, S. T., Lerch, J. A., & Taxman, F. S. (2018) · The American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse · doi:10.1080/00952990.2018.1427103 · Cited by 55
“(35,36) or are not geared toward more severe substance use disorders(37).”
BackgroundWalters, S. T., Ondersma, S. J., Ingersoll, K. S., Rodríguez, M., Lerch, J. A., Rossheim, M. E., & Taxman, F. S. (2013) · Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment · doi:10.1016/j.jsat.2013.07.003 · Cited by 52
Pettus‐Davis, C., Howard, M. O., Roberts-Lewis, A. C., et al. (2011) · Journal of Criminal Justice · doi:10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2011.09.002 · Cited by 53
A brief alcohol intervention for hazardously drinking incarcerated women
Stein, M. D., Caviness, C. M., Anderson, B. J., Hebert, M., & Clarke, J. G. (2010) · Addiction · doi:10.1111/j.1360-0443.2009.02813.x · Cited by 49
“An intervention that begins during incarceration and is reinforced soon after return to the community, where alcohol is once again available, offers women two time-points to consider their alcohol consumption [20].”
BackgroundA Phase 4, Pilot, Open-Label Study of VIVITROL® (Extended-Release Naltrexone XR-NTX) for Prisoners
Gordon, M., Kinlock, T. W., Vocci, F. J., Fitzgerald, T. T., Memisoglu, A., & Silverman, B. L. (2015) · Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment · doi:10.1016/j.jsat.2015.07.005 · Cited by 51
Johnson, J. E., Schonbrun, Y. C., Nargiso, J. E., Kuo, C., Shefner, R. T., Williams, C., & Zlotnick, C. (2013) · International Journal of Prisoner Health · doi:10.1108/ijph-02-2013-0009 · Cited by 51
“Findings also add to the literature (Chandler et al., 2009; Luther et al., 2011; Matheson, 2011; Mallik-Kane & Visher, 2008; Richie, 2001; UNODC, 2009) highlighting the critical importance and vulnerability of the re-entry transition period.”
ResultHIV Treatment in the Criminal Justice System: Critical Knowledge and Intervention Gaps
Meyer, J. P., Chen, N. E., & Springer, S. A. (2011) · AIDS Research and Treatment · doi:10.1155/2011/680617 · Cited by 50
Ray, B. R., Watson, D. P., Xu, H., Salyers, M. P., Victor, G. A., Sightes, E., Bailey, K., Robison, L., & Bo, N. (2021) · Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment · doi:10.1016/j.jsat.2021.108339 · Cited by 48
Krawczyk, N., Schneider, K. E., Eisenberg, M. D., Richards, T. M., Ferris, L. M., Mojtabai, R., Stuart, E. A., Lyons, B. C., Jackson, K., Weiner, J. P., et al. (2020) · Drug and Alcohol Dependence · doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2020.107997 · Cited by 48
Fishbein, D. H., Dariotis, J. K., Ferguson, P. L., & Pickelsimer, E. E. (2014) · International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology · doi:10.1177/0306624x14554778 · Cited by 52
Functional Neurocircuits and Neuroimaging Biomarkers of Tobacco Use Disorder
Sutherland, M. T., & Stein, E. A. (2018) · Trends in Molecular Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.molmed.2017.12.002 · Cited by 50
“, via incarceration), drug addicts recidivate at disturbingly high rates [3, 4].”
BackgroundGambling Harm and Crime Careers
May‐Chahal, C., Humphreys, L., Clifton, A., Francis, B. J., & Reith, G. (2016) · Journal of Gambling Studies · doi:10.1007/s10899-016-9612-z · Cited by 48
“Given the repeated findings from research concerning the co-occurrence of substance use and crime (Chandler et al. 2009; UKDPC 2008) it may be anticipated that substance use would also be evident in the present sample.”
BackgroundBinswanger, I. A., Nguyen, A. P., Morenoff, J. D., Xu, S., & Harding, D. J. (2020) · Addiction · doi:10.1111/add.15077 · Cited by 43
Taxman, F. S., Perdoni, M. L., & Caudy, M. S. (2013) · Victims & Offenders · doi:10.1080/15564886.2012.747459 · Cited by 47
Impact of Methadone Maintenance Treatment on Women Offenders' Post-Release Recidivism
MacDonald, S. F., MacSwain, M.-A., Cheverie, M., Tiesmaki, M., & Fischer, B. (2014) · European Addiction Research · doi:10.1159/000357942 · Cited by 45
Neural correlates of adherence to extended-release naltrexone pharmacotherapy in heroin dependence
Wang, A. L., Elman, I., Lowen, S. B., Blady, S. J., Lynch, K. G., Hyatt, J. M., O’Brien, C. P., & Langleben, D. D. (2015) · Translational Psychiatry · doi:10.1038/tp.2015.20 · Cited by 41
Incarceration of People Living with HIV/AIDS: Implications for Treatment-as-Prevention
Milloy, M., Montaner, J. S. G., & Wood, E. (2014) · Current HIV/AIDS Reports · doi:10.1007/s11904-014-0214-z · Cited by 44
Grommon, E., Davidson II, W. S., & Bynum, T. S. (2013) · Journal of Offender Rehabilitation · doi:10.1080/10509674.2013.782775 · Cited by 43
Ruiz, M. A., Douglas, K. S., Edens, J. F., Nikolova, N. L., & Lilienfeld, S. O. (2011) · Psychological Assessment · doi:10.1037/a0024623 · Cited by 42
“These results reinforce the importance of addiction and mental health treatment services for offender rehabilitation and community re-entry (Chandler et al., 2009; Prendergast, 2009); effective intervention may reduce the risk for violence and suicide.”
BackgroundResultDrug Use Among Prisoners: By Any Definition, It's a Big Problem
Lintonen, T., Vartiainen, H., Aarnio, J., Hakamäki, S., Viitanen, P., Wuolijoki, T., & Joukamaa, M. I. (2011) · Substance Use & Misuse · doi:10.3109/10826081003682271 · Cited by 43
Prendergast, M. L., McCollister, K., & Warda, U. (2017) · Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment · doi:10.1016/j.jsat.2016.12.011 · Cited by 42
Dealing More Effectively and Humanely with Illegal Drugs
Caulkins, J. P., & Reuter, P. (2016) · Crime and Justice · doi:10.1086/688458 · Cited by 45
Wild, T. C., Yan Yuan, A., Rush, B. R., & Urbanoski, K. A. (2016) · Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment · doi:10.1016/j.jsat.2016.06.006 · Cited by 51
Barriers to addiction treatment among formerly incarcerated adults with substance use disorders
Owens, M. D., Chen, J. A., Simpson, T. L., et al. (2018) · Addiction Science & Clinical Practice · doi:10.1186/s13722-018-0120-6 · Cited by 40
Silvers, J. A., Buhle, J. T., & Ochsner, K. N. (2014) · Cited by 42
Zarkin, G. A., Cowell, A. J., Hicks, K. A., Mills, M. J., Belenko, S. R., Dunlap, L. J., Houser, K., & Keyes, V. (2011) · Health Economics · doi:10.1002/hec.1735 · Cited by 40
“Approximately 50% of state prisoners meet the criteria for a diagnosis of drug abuse or dependence (Chandler et al., 2009), but only 10% receive clinically or medically based substance abuse treatment while incarcerated (Belenko and Peugh, 2005).”
BackgroundCarrà, G., Crocamo, C., Borrelli, P., Popa, I., Ornaghi, A., Montomoli, C., & Clerici, M. (2014) · Comprehensive Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.comppsych.2014.11.021 · Cited by 40
“Involvement in the criminal justice system often results from illegal drugseeking behavior and participation in activities that reflect, in part, disrupted behavior ensuing from dependence [39].”
BackgroundVoices of Homeless Alcoholics Who Frequent Bellevue Hospital: A Qualitative Study
McCormack, R. P., Hoffman, L. F., Norman, M., Goldfrank, L. R., & Norman, E. M. (2014) · Annals of Emergency Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.annemergmed.2014.05.025 · Cited by 40
Metadata
- Authors
- Chandler, R. K., Fletcher, B. W., & Volkow, N. D.
- Affiliations
- National Institute on Drug Abuse (US)
- Venue
- JAMA
- Publisher
- American Medical Association (AMA)
- Published
- 2009-01-14
- Volume
- 301
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 183
- ISSN
- 0002-9955 (ISSN-L)
- 0098-7484
- PMC
- PMC2681083
- OpenAlex
- W2136084133
- Cited by
- 583
- References
- 92
- Citations by year
- 2026: 18 · 2025: 30 · 2024: 28 · 2023: 36 · 2022: 28 · 2021: 39 · 2020: 47 · 2019: 35 · 2018: 37 · 2017: 40 · 2016: 34 · 2015: 35 · 2014: 35 · 2013: 42 · 2012: 29
- FWCI
- 11.08
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- JAMA (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory and Neural Mechanisms
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors Study
- Keywords
- drug addiction treatment, drug-involved offenders, criminal justice system, neurobiology of addiction, evidence-based treatment, criminal behavior, substance abuse
- MeSH terms
- Brain, Crime, Health Services Accessibility, Humans, Mental Health Services, Prisons, Public Health
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
A language model drew the claims from the paper on 2026-09-28, under version 3 of the claim definition (prompt extract-v3).
A second model labelled each claim on 2026-09-28 (model jev-1.13-20260917, definition revision gold-guideline-v0.2).
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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