Associations of parental depression with child school performance at age 16 years in Sweden
Open accessAbstract
IMPORTANCE: Depression is a common cause of morbidity and disability worldwide. Parental depression is associated with early-life child neurodevelopmental, behavioral, emotional, mental, and social problems. More studies are needed to explore the link between parental depression and long-term child outcomes. OBJECTIVE: To examine the associations of parental depression with child school performance at the end of compulsory education (approximately age 16 years). DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: Parental depression diagnoses (based on the International Classification of Diseases, Eighth Revision [ICD-8], International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision [ICD-9], and the International Statistical Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision [ICD-10]) in inpatient records from 1969 onward, outpatient records beginning in 2001, and school grades at the end of compulsory education were collected for all children born from 1984 to 1994 in Sweden. The final analytic sample size was 1,124,162 biological children. We examined the associations of parental depression during different periods (before birth, after birth, and during child ages 1-5, 6-10, and 11-16 years, as well as any time before the child's final year of compulsory schooling) with the final school grades. Linear regression models adjusted for various child and parent characteristics. The dates of the analysis were January to November 2015. MAIN OUTCOME AND MEASURE: Decile of school grades at the end of compulsory education (range, 1-10, with 1 being the lowest and 10 being the highest). RESULTS: The study cohort comprised 1,124,162 children, of whom 48.9% were female. Maternal depression and paternal depression at any time before the final compulsory school year were associated with worse school performance. After covariate adjustment, these associations decreased to -0.45 (95% CI, -0.48 to -0.42) and -0.40 (-0.43 to -0.37) lower deciles, respectively. These effect sizes are similarly as large as the observed difference in school performance between the lowest and highest quintiles of family income but approximately one-third of the observed difference between maternal education of 9 or less vs more than 12 years. Both maternal depression and paternal depression at different periods (before birth, after birth, and during child ages 1-5, 6-10, and 11-16 years) generally were associated with worse school performance. Child sex modified the associations of maternal depression with school performance such that maternal depression had a larger negative influence on child school performance for girls compared with boys. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: Diagnoses of parental depression throughout a child's life were associated with worse school performance at age 16 years. Our results suggest that diagnoses of parental depression may have a far-reaching effect on an important aspect of child development, with implications for future life course outcomes.
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
While there are a number of criticisms about the accuracy of disability weights it is doubtlessly true that depression is a highly burdensome condition and other studies have confirmed that the disability is experienced as one of the most severe of all health conditions.
“While there are a number of criticisms about the accuracy of disability weights 215-217 it is doubtlessly true that depression is a highly burdensome condition and other studies have confirmed that the disability is experienced as one of the most severe of all health conditions.”
From Time for united action on depression: a Lancet–World Psychiatric Association Commission (2022) · cites this paper as [217]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Cites
Murray, C. J. L., Vos, T., Lozano, R., Naghavi, M., Flaxman, A. D., Michaud, C., Ezzati, M., Shibuya, K., Salomon, J. A., Abdalla, S., et al. (2012) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(12)61689-4 · Cited by 8,888 · see citing works
Genetic Epidemiology of Major Depression: Review and Meta-Analysis
Sullivan, P. F., Neale, M. C., & Kendler, K. S. (2000) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.157.10.1552 · Cited by 3,431 · see citing works
Maternal Depression and Child Psychopathology: A Meta-Analytic Review
Goodman, S. H., Rouse, M. H., Connell, A. M., Broth, M. R., Hall, C. M., & Heyward, D. (2011) · Clinical Child and Family Psychology Review · doi:10.1007/s10567-010-0080-1 · Cited by 2,621 · see citing works
Effects of perinatal mental disorders on the fetus and child
Stein, A., Pearson, R. M., Goodman, S. H., Rapa, E., Rahman, A., McCallum, M., Howard, L. M., & Pariante, C. M. (2014) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(14)61277-0 · Cited by 2,166 · see citing works
Socioeconomic Status and Health: What We Know and What We Don't
ADLER, N. E., & OSTROVE, J. M. (1999) · Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.1999.tb08101.x · Cited by 1,643 · see citing works
Paternal depression in the postnatal period and child development: a prospective population study
Ramchandani, P., Stein, A., Evans, J., & O'Connor, T. G. (2005) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(05)66778-5 · Cited by 819 · see citing works
Paulson, J. F., Dauber, S., & Leiferman, J. A. (2006) · Pediatrics · doi:10.1542/peds.2005-2948 · Cited by 706 · see citing works
Prenatal depression effects on the fetus and newborn: a review
Field, T., Diego, M., & Hernandez-Reif, M. (2006) · Infant Behavior and Development · doi:10.1016/j.infbeh.2006.03.003 · Cited by 592 · see citing works
Pearson, R. M., Evans, J., Kounali, D., Lewis, G., Heron, J., Ramchandani, P. G., O’Connor, T. G., & Stein, A. (2013) · JAMA Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2013.2163 · Cited by 589 · see citing works
Brennan, P. A., Hammen, C. L., Andersen, M. J., Bor, W., Najman, J. M., & Williams, G. M. (2000) · Developmental Psychology · doi:10.1037//0012-1649.36.6.759 · Cited by 519 · see citing works
Kane, P., & Garber, J. (2004) · Clinical Psychology Review · doi:10.1016/j.cpr.2004.03.004 · Cited by 498 · see citing works
Longitudinal Study of Maternal Depressive Symptoms and Child Well-Being
LUOMA, I., TAMMINEN, T., KAUKONEN, P., LAIPPALA, P., PUURA, K., SALMELIN, R., & ALMQVIST, F. (2001) · Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1097/00004583-200112000-00006 · Cited by 490 · see citing works
Depression in Men in the Postnatal Period and Later Child Psychopathology: A Population Cohort Study
Ramchandani, P. G., Stein, A. L., O’Connor, T. G., Heron, J., Murray, L., & Evans, J. (2008) · Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1097/chi.0b013e31816429c2 · Cited by 468 · see citing works
Maternal postnatal depression and the development of depression in offspring up to 16 years of age.
Murray, L., Arteche, A., Fearon, P., Halligan, S., Goodyer, I., & Cooper, P. (2011) · Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.jaac.2011.02.001 · Cited by 466 · see citing works
Money, schooling, and health: Mechanisms and causal evidence
Kawachi, I. I., Adler, N. E., & Dow, W. H. (2010) · Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.2009.05340.x · Cited by 465 · see citing works
Intellectual Problems Shown by 11‐year‐old Children Whose Mothers Had Postnatal Depression
Hay, D. F., Pawlby, S. J., Sharp, D., Asten, P., Mills, A., & Kumar, R. (2001) · Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry · doi:10.1111/1469-7610.00784 · Cited by 435 · see citing works
Depression and school performance in middle adolescent boys and girls
Fröjd, S. A., Nissinen, E. S., Pelkonen, M. U. I., MARTTUNEN, M. J., Koivisto, A., & Kaltiala‐Heino, R. (2007) · Journal of Adolescence · doi:10.1016/j.adolescence.2007.08.006 · Cited by 413 · see citing works
Brennan, P. A., Hammen, C. L., Andersen, M. J., et al. (2000) · Developmental Psychology · doi:10.1037/0012-1649.36.6.759 · Cited by 403 · see citing works
Rai, D., Lee, B. K., Dalman, C., Golding, J., Lewis, G., & Magnusson, C. (2013) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.f2059 · Cited by 365 · see citing works
Self-citationAdolescent Mental Health, Behavior Problems, and Academic Achievement
McLeod, J. D., Uemura, R., & Rohrman, S. (2012) · Journal of Health and Social Behavior · doi:10.1177/0022146512462888 · Cited by 359 · see citing works
Lieberman, M., Doyle, A.-B., & Markiewicz, D. (1999) · Child Development · doi:10.1111/1467-8624.00015 · Cited by 354 · see citing works
Family Discord, Parental Depression, and Psychopathology in Offspring: Ten-Year Follow-up
Nomura, Y., WICKRAMARATNE, P. J., Warner, V., Mufson, L. H., & Weissman, M. M. (2002) · Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1097/00004583-200204000-00012 · Cited by 348 · see citing works
Pawlby, S. J., Hay, D. F., Sharp, D., Waters, C. S., & O’Keane, V. (2008) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2008.05.018 · Cited by 333 · see citing works
Autism Spectrum Disorders in the Stockholm Youth Cohort: Design, Prevalence and Validity
Idring, S., Rai, D., Dal, H., Dalman, C., Sturm, H., Zander, E., Lee, B. K., Serlachius, E., & Magnusson, C. (2012) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0041280 · Cited by 275 · see citing works
Self-citationPrenatal stress: Role in psychotic and depressive diseases
Markham, J. A., & Koenig, J. I. (2010) · Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1007/s00213-010-2035-0 · Cited by 274 · see citing works
Langrock, A. M., Compas, B., Keller, G., Merchant, M. J., & Copeland, M. (2002) · Journal of Clinical Child & Adolescent Psychology · doi:10.1207/s15374424jccp3103_03 · Cited by 257 · see citing works
Depression and violence: a Swedish population study
Fazel, S., Wolf, A., Chang, Z., Larsson, H., Goodwin, G. M., & Lichtenstein, P. (2015) · The Lancet Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/s2215-0366(14)00128-x · Cited by 245 · see citing works
Tully, E. C., Iacono, W., & McGue, M. (2008) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.2008.07091438 · Cited by 243 · see citing works
Evaluation of diagnostic procedures in Swedish patients with schizophrenia and related psychoses
Ekholm, B., Ekholm, A., Adolfsson, R., Vares, M., Ösby, U., Sedvall, G. C., & Jönsson, E. G. (2005) · Nordic Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1080/08039480500360906 · Cited by 242 · see citing works
Silberg, J. L., MAES, H. H. M., & Eaves, L. J. (2010) · Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry · doi:10.1111/j.1469-7610.2010.02205.x · Cited by 235 · see citing works
Sellgren, C. M., Landén, M., Lichtenstein, P., Hultman, C. M., & Långström, N. (2011) · Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica · doi:10.1111/j.1600-0447.2011.01747.x · Cited by 208 · see citing works
Needham, B. L., Crosnoe, R. L., & Muller, C. L. (2004) · Social Problems · doi:10.1525/sp.2004.51.4.569 · Cited by 208 · see citing works
Murray, L., Arteche, A. X., Fearon, P. R. M., Halligan, S. L., Croudace, T. J., & Cooper, P. (2010) · Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry · doi:10.1111/j.1469-7610.2010.02259.x · Cited by 205 · see citing works
Bouma, E., Ormel, J., Verhulst, F. C., & Oldehinkel, A. J. (2007) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2007.05.007 · Cited by 193 · see citing works
The timing of maternal depressive symptoms and child cognitive development: a longitudinal study
Evans, J., Melotti, R., Heron, J., Ramchandani, P., Wiles, N., Murray, L., & Stein, A. (2012) · Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry · doi:10.1111/j.1469-7610.2011.02513.x · Cited by 184 · cited 1× · see citing works
“Notably, Evans et al12 examined more than 5000 mother-child pairs in a United Kingdom birth cohort and found no association of maternal postnatal depression with child IQ at age 8 years.”
BackgroundParental depression and child outcomes–is marital conflict the missing link?
Hanington, L., Heron, J., Stein, A., & Ramchandani, P. (2012) · Child: Care, Health and Development · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2214.2011.01270.x · Cited by 160 · see citing works
Bureau, J.-F., Easterbrooks, M. A., & Lyons-Ruth, K. (2009) · Development and Psychopathology · doi:10.1017/s0954579409000285 · Cited by 132 · see citing works
Korhonen, M., Luoma, I., Salmelin, R. K., & Tamminen, T. (2011) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2011.10.007 · Cited by 129 · see citing works
Family Discord, Parental Depression, and Psychopathology in Offspring: 20-Year Follow-up
Pilowsky, D. J., WICKRAMARATNE, P. J., Nomura, Y., & Weissman, M. M. (2006) · Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1097/01.chi.0000198592.23078.8d · Cited by 125 · see citing works
Paternal depressive symptoms and child behavioral or emotional problems in the United States
Weitzman, M., Rosenthal, D. G., & Liu, Y.-H. (2011) · Pediatrics · doi:10.1542/peds.2010-3034 · Cited by 116 · see citing works
Raposa, E. B., Hammen, C. L., Brennan, P. A., & Najman, J. M. (2013) · Journal of Adolescent Health · doi:10.1016/j.jadohealth.2013.07.038 · Cited by 110 · see citing works
Kane, P., & Garber, J. (2009) · Journal of Child and Family Studies · doi:10.1007/s10826-008-9250-x · Cited by 107 · see citing works
The relation between children's health and academic achievement
Eide, E. R., Showalter, M. H., & Goldhaber, D. D. (2009) · Children and Youth Services Review · doi:10.1016/j.childyouth.2009.08.019 · Cited by 105 · see citing works
The importance of life events for explaining sex differences in psychological distress.
Wethington, E., McLeod, J. D., & Kessler, R. C. (1987) · Cited by 103 · see citing works
Maternal depressive symptoms and child sleep: Models of mutual influence over time
WARREN, S. L., Howe, G. W., Simmens, S. J., & Dahl, R. E. (2006) · Development and Psychopathology · doi:10.1017/s0954579406060019 · Cited by 102 · see citing works
Parental depression and offspring psychopathology: a Children of Twins study
Singh, A. L., D'Onofrio, B. M., Slutske, W. S., Turkheimer, E. N., Emery, R. E., Harden, K. P., Heath, A. C., Madden, P. A. F., Statham, D. J., & Martin, N. G. (2010) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s0033291710002059 · Cited by 98 · see citing works
Maternal Depressive Symptoms and Children’s Emotional Problems
Herba, C. M., Tremblay, R. E., Boivin, M., Liu, X., Mongeau, C., Séguin, J. R., & Côté, S. M. (2013) · JAMA Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2013.1361 · Cited by 92 · see citing works
Gunnell, D., Löfving, S., Gustafsson, J.-E., & Allebeck, P. (2011) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2011.01.002 · Cited by 70 · see citing works
Does academic achievement during childhood and adolescence benefit later health?
Lê-Scherban, F., Diez Roux, A. V., Li, Y., & Morgenstern, H. (2014) · Annals of Epidemiology · doi:10.1016/j.annepidem.2014.02.008 · Cited by 65 · see citing works
Self-citationGaller, J. R., Ramsey, F., Harrison, R. H., Taylor, J., Cumberbatch, G., & Forde, V. (2004) · Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry · doi:10.1111/j.1469-7610.2004.t01-1-00299.x · Cited by 57 · see citing works
Alaräisänen, A., Miettunen, J., Lauronen, E., Räsänen, P. K., & Isohanni, M. K. (2006) · Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica · doi:10.1111/j.1600-0447.2006.00800.x · Cited by 54 · see citing works
Jörgensen, L., Ahlbom, A., Allebeck, P., & Dalman, C. (2009) · Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica · doi:10.1111/j.1600-0447.2009.01500.x · Cited by 52 · see citing works
Self-citationChild temperament and parental depression predict cortisol reactivity to stress in middle childhood.
Mackrell, S. V. M., Sheikh, H. I., Kotelnikova, Y., Kryski, K. R., Jordan, P. L., Singh, S. M., & Hayden, E. P. (2014) · Journal of Abnormal Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0035612 · Cited by 52 · see citing works
Psychopathology and functioning among children of treated depressed fathers and mothers
Pilowsky, D. J., Wickramaratne, P., Poh, E., Hernandez, M., Batten, L. A., Flament, M. F., Stewart, J. W., Blier, P., & Weissman, M. M. (2014) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2014.04.012 · Cited by 51 · see citing works
Paternal Depression in the Postnatal Period and Child Development: A Prospective Population Study
Ramchandani, P. G., Stein, A. L., Evans, J., & Connor, T. O. X. (2005) · Obstetrical & Gynecological Survey · doi:10.1097/01.ogx.0000189166.38069.00 · Cited by 50 · see citing works
School performance as a marker of cognitive decline prior to diagnosis of multiple sclerosis
Sinay, V. J., Akly, M. P., Zanga, G., Ciardi, C., & Racosta, J. M. (2014) · Multiple Sclerosis Journal · doi:10.1177/1352458514554054 · Cited by 50 · see citing works
Cummings, E. M., Cheung, R. Y. M., & Davies, P. T. (2013) · Child Psychiatry & Human Development · doi:10.1007/s10578-013-0362-1 · Cited by 47 · see citing works
ABO and RhD blood groups and gestational hypertensive disorders: a population‐based cohort study
Lee, B. K., Zhang, Z., Wikman, A. T., Lindqvist, P. G., & Reilly, M. (2012) · BJOG An International Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology · doi:10.1111/j.1471-0528.2012.03421.x · Cited by 45 · see citing works
Self-citationSchool Performance After Preterm Birth
Ahlsson, F., Kaijser, M., Adami, J., Lundgren, M., & Palme, M. O. (2014) · Epidemiology · doi:10.1097/ede.0000000000000171 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
School performance and alcohol use problems in early adulthood: a longitudinal study
Hayatbakhsh, M. R., Najman, J. M., Bor, W., Clavarino, A. M., & Alati, R. (2011) · Alcohol · doi:10.1016/j.alcohol.2010.10.009 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Implications of Advancing Paternal Age: Does It Affect Offspring School Performance?
Svensson, A. C., Abel, K. M., Dalman, C., & Magnusson, C. (2011) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0024771 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Self-citationMajor paternal depression and child consultation for developmental and behavioural problems
Davé, S., Sherr, L., Senior, R., & Nazareth, I. (2009) · British Journal of General Practice · doi:10.3399/bjgp09x407063 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Pawlby, S. J., Sharp, D., Hay, D. F., & O’Keane, V. (2008) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2007.12.013 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Maternal Postnatal Depression and the Development of Depression in Offspring Up to 16Years of Age
Stockman, J. A. (2012) · Yearbook of Pediatrics · doi:10.1016/j.yped.2011.09.002 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Child mental health and human capital accumulation: The case of ADHD
Currie, J., & Stabile, M. (2006) · Journal of Health Economics · doi:10.1016/j.jhealeco.2006.03.001 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Paternal Depressive Symptoms and Child Behavioral or Emotional Problems in the United States
(2011) · PEDIATRICS · doi:10.1542/peds.2010-3034d · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Paternal Depression in the Postnatal Period and Child Development: A Prospective Population Study
Stockman, J. A. (2007) · Yearbook of Pediatrics · doi:10.1016/s0084-3954(08)70201-x · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
1 of the 68 references couldn’t be matched to a known paper.
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Time for united action on depression: a Lancet–World Psychiatric Association Commission
Herrman, H., Patel, V., Kieling, C., Berk, M., Buchweitz, C., Cuijpers, P., Furukawa, T. A., Kessler, R. C., Kohrt, B. A., Maj, M., et al. (2022) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(21)02141-3 · Cited by 1,104 · see citing works
Dadi, A. F., Miller, E. R., Bisetegn, T. A., & Mwanri, L. (2020) · BMC Public Health · doi:10.1186/s12889-020-8293-9 · Cited by 423 · see citing works
“1 billion pounds in the United Kingdom [12] in addition to those costs associated with poorer human capital [13].”
BackgroundPerinatal Maternal Depressive Symptoms as an Issue for Population Health
Meaney, M. J. (2018) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.2018.17091031 · Cited by 194 · see citing works
Pierce, M., Hope, H. F., Kolade, A., Gellatly, J. L., Osam, C. S., Perchard, R., Kosidou, K., Dalman, C., Morgan, V. A., Prinzio, P. D., et al. (2019) · The British Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1192/bjp.2019.216 · Cited by 192 · see citing works
Self-citationAbel, K. M., Hope, H. F., Swift, E., Parisi, R., Ashcroft, D. M., Kosidou, K., Osam, C. S., Dalman, C., & Pierce, M. (2019) · The Lancet Public Health · doi:10.1016/s2468-2667(19)30059-3 · Cited by 160 · see citing works
Self-citationPharmacotherapy of Postpartum Depression: Current Approaches and Novel Drug Development
Frieder, A., Fersh, M., Hainline, R., & Deligiannidis, K. M. (2019) · CNS Drugs · doi:10.1007/s40263-019-00605-7 · Cited by 156 · see citing works
Roos, L. E., Salisbury, M. R., Penner‐Goeke, L., Cameron, E. E., Protudjer, J. L. P., Giuliano, R. J., Afifi, T. O., & Reynolds, K. (2021) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0251720 · Cited by 150 · see citing works
“Exposure to parent depression in early childhood can have a variety of harmful effects on child health and well-being [19, 61, 62].”
BackgroundMothers’ Adverse Childhood Experiences and Their Young Children’s Development
Sun, J., Patel, F., Jacobs, R. R., Frank, D. A., Black, M. M., & Chilton, M. M. (2017) · American Journal of Preventive Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2017.07.015 · Cited by 149 · see citing works
The Early Years Workforce Study team, Thorpe, K. J., Jansen, E., Sullivan, V., Irvine, S. L., & McDonald, P. K. (2020) · Journal of Educational Change · doi:10.1007/s10833-020-09382-3 · Cited by 124 · see citing works
Catalano, R. F., & Kellogg, E. (2020) · Journal of Adolescent Health · doi:10.1016/j.jadohealth.2019.12.003 · Cited by 109 · see citing works
Untreated perinatal paternal depression: Effects on offspring
Gentile, S., & Fusco, M. L. (2017) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2017.02.064 · Cited by 100 · see citing works
Autism and Convictions for Violent Crimes: Population-Based Cohort Study in Sweden
Heeramun, R., Magnusson, C., Gumpert, C. H., Granath, S., Lundberg, M., Dalman, C., & Rai, D. (2017) · Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.jaac.2017.03.011 · Cited by 85 · see citing works
“19 20 Data on the final composite school grade at the end of compulsory schooling at age 16 were obtained from the national school register 21 and dichotomized into top five versus bottom five deciles of school performance.”
MethodSelf-citationPierce, M., Abel, K. M., Muwonge, J. J., Wicks, S., Nevriana, A., Hope, H. F., Dalman, C., & Kosidou, K. (2020) · The Lancet Public Health · doi:10.1016/s2468-2667(20)30202-4 · Cited by 73 · see citing works
Self-citationHomberg, J. R., Kyzar, E. J., Scattoni, M. L., Norton, W., Pittman, J. T., Gaikwad, S., Nguyen, M., Poudel, M. K., Ullmann, J. F. P., Diamond, D. M., et al. (2016) · Brain Research Bulletin · doi:10.1016/j.brainresbull.2016.04.015 · Cited by 62 · see citing works
Yamaoka, Y., Tamiya, N., Izumida, N., Kawamura, A., Takahashi, H., & Noguchi, H. (2016) · SSM - Population Health · doi:10.1016/j.ssmph.2016.08.001 · Cited by 55 · see citing works
“, 2005), child health problems (Ferro & Speechley, 2009; Schwebel & Brezausek, 2008), and poor school performance (Shen et al., 2016).”
BackgroundRanning, A., Laursen, T. M., Agerbo, E., Thorup, A. A. E., Hjorthøj, C. R., Jepsen, J. R. M., & Nordentoft, M. (2017) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s0033291717003518 · Cited by 53 · see citing works
“…achieving an education, while adjusting for education as an intermediate variable will then bias the results towards null Other studies such as Shen et al. (2016) have adjusted for many intermediate factors, such as parents’ employment status and income level, but being mindful of the causal…”
BackgroundResultRogers, A., Youssef, G. J., Teague, S. J., Sunderland, M., Bas, G. A. L., Macdonald, J. A., Mattick, R. P., ALLSOP, S. J., Elliott, E. J., Olsson, C. A., et al. (2023) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2023.06.020 · Cited by 52 · see citing works
Postpartum Depression and Its Long-term Impact on Children: Many New Questions
Weissman, M. M. (2018) · JAMA Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2017.4265 · Cited by 43 · see citing works
Early identification of postpartum depression using demographic, clinical, and digital phenotyping
Hahn, L., Eickhoff, S. B., Habel, U., Stickeler, E., Schnakenberg, P., Goecke, T. W., Stickel, S., Franz, M., Dukart, J., & Chechko, N. (2021) · Translational Psychiatry · doi:10.1038/s41398-021-01245-6 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
Christiansen, H., Reck, C., Zietlow, A., Otto, K., Steinmayr, R., Wirthwein, L., Weigelt, S., Stark, R. M., Ebert, D. D., Buntrock, C., et al. (2019) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2019.00128 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
Antenatal Depression and Generalized Anxiety Disorder in a Tertiary Hospital in South India
Kantipudi, S. J., Kannan, G., Viswanathan, S., Ranganathan, S., Menon, J., & Sathianathan, R. (2020) · Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1177/0253717620928440 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
Paternal Prenatal, Perinatal and Postpartum Depression: A narrative review
Field, T. M. (2018) · Journal of Anxiety & Depression · doi:10.46527/2582-3264.102 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
“Not surprisingly, then, adolescents’ school performance has been negatively affected [40].”
BackgroundAngelucci, M., & Bennett, D. (2023) · American Economic Review · doi:10.1257/aer.20210687 · Cited by 50 · see citing works
Psychogiou, L., Russell, G., & Owens, M. (2019) · British Journal of Psychology · doi:10.1111/bjop.12378 · Cited by 45 · see citing works
“The finding documenting a significant link between parents’ symptoms of depression and children’s academic attainment is consistent with previous studies (Murray et al., 2010; Pearson et al., 2016; Shen et al., 2016).”
BackgroundResultBell, M. F., Bayliss, D. M., Glauert, R. A., Harrison, A. A., & Ohan, J. L. (2018) · Epidemiology and Psychiatric Sciences · doi:10.1017/s2045796018000148 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
“…al. 2007; Forget-Dubois et al. 2007), and that early exposure to parental psychiatric disorders is associated with poor long-term academic outcomes (Pearson et al. 2016; Shen et al. 2016), our findings suggest that support during the transition to formal schooling is much needed for these children.”
BackgroundRiany, Y. E., Haslam, D. M., & Sanders, M. R. (2021) · Journal of Child and Family Studies · doi:10.1007/s10826-021-02137-5 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Guideline No. 454: Identification and Treatment of Perinatal Mood and Anxiety Disorders
Shea, A. K., Jumah, N. A., Forte, M., Cantin, C. M., Bayrampour, H., Butler, K., Francoeur, D., Green, C., & Cook, J. L. (2024) · Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Canada · doi:10.1016/j.jogc.2024.102696 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
Brophy, S. T., Todd, C., Rahman, M. A., Kennedy, N., & Rice, F. J. (2021) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0258966 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
Weissman, M. M. (2020) · JAMA Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2020.0954 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Ayano, G., Lin, A. P., Dachew, B. A., Tait, R. J., Betts, K. S., & Alati, R. (2021) · Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1177/00048674211025633 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
“Most studies reporting on the impacts of maternal and paternal mental health problems on the educational outcomes of the offspring focus on the associated effects during the perinatal period (Billings and Moos, 1983; Hay et al., 2001; Paget et al., 2018; Ranning et al., 2018; Shen et al., 2016), with one study reporti…”
BackgroundInfluentialPostpartum and Paternal Postnatal Depression
Gedzyk‐Nieman, S. A. (2021) · Nursing Clinics of North America · doi:10.1016/j.cnur.2021.04.001 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Prevalence of mental illness within families in a regional child-focussed mental health service
Naughton, M. F. A., Maybery, D. J., & Goodyear, M. (2018) · International Journal of Mental Health Nursing · doi:10.1111/inm.12386 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
“The impact of parental mental illness on children has been well documented (Beardslee et al. 1998; Hanington et al. 2011; Nicholson et al. 2004; Reupert & Maybery 2009; Reupert et al. 2012; & Shen et al. 2016).”
BackgroundLi, Z., Qin, W., & Patel, V. (2021) · PLoS Medicine · doi:10.1371/journal.pmed.1003464 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Hope, H. F., Osam, C. S., Kontopantelis, E., Hughes, S., Munford, L. A., Ashcroft, D. M., Pierce, M., & Abel, K. M. (2021) · The British Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1192/bjp.2021.65 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Zhou, M., Larsson, H., D'Onofrio, B. M., Landén, M., Lichtenstein, P., & Pettersson, E. (2023) · JAMA Network Open · doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.48439 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Paquin, C., Côté, S. M., Tremblay, R. E., Séguin, J. R., Boivin, M., & Herba, C. M. (2020) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0227179 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
“Our results however are consistent with a large-scale study that found that 16 years-old girls performed worse than boys at school in the context of MDS [23].”
BackgroundResultThe Prevalence of Maternal Depression and Anxiety Beyond 1 Year Postpartum: A Systematic Review
Hunter, T., Chiew, B. A., McDonald, S., & Adhikari, K. (2024) · Maternal and Child Health Journal · doi:10.1007/s10995-024-03930-6 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
“Mental health problems in mothers of young children have also been associated with poorer school performance, stunting and under-weight, and higher psychological problems in their children (Bennett et al., 2016; Closa-Monasterolo et al., 2017; Shen et al., 2016).”
Abel, K. M., Bee, P., Gega, L., Gellatly, J. L., Kolade, A., Hunter, D., Callender, C., Carter, L., Meacock, R., Bower, P., et al. (2020) · Health Technology Assessment · doi:10.3310/hta24590 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Doi, S. K., Fujiwara, T., & Isumi, A. (2020) · Child Abuse & Neglect · doi:10.1016/j.chiabu.2020.104478 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Parental PTSD and school performance in 16-year-olds – a Swedish national cohort study
Berg, L., Charboti, S., Montgomery, E., & Hjern, A. (2019) · Nordic Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1080/08039488.2019.1620852 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
“depression, and risk for school failure has proposed social pathways, in addition to adverse effects on neurodevelopment and shared genetic liability, as possible mechanisms [32].”
BackgroundGeller, P. A., Bonacquisti, A. N., & Patterson, C. A. (2017) · Integrating psychiatry and primary care · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-65724-0_15 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
School performance in children born after ICSI
Norrman, E., Petzold, M., Bergh, C., & Wennerholm, U. (2019) · Human Reproduction · doi:10.1093/humrep/dez281 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
“This allowed comparison between birth cohorts without interference from changes in grading system (Lambe et al., 2006; Svensson et al., 2011; Ahlsson et al., 2015; Shen et al., 2016).”
MethodPowell, V. E., Lennon, J., Jones, R. B., Stephens, A., Weavers, B., Osborn, D., Allardyce, J., Potter, R., Thapar, A., Collishaw, S., et al. (2023) · JCPP Advances · doi:10.1002/jcv2.12182 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Connelly, J. P., & O’Connell, M. (2021) · Psychology in the Schools · doi:10.1002/pits.22609 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Educational attainment by children with parental alcohol problems in Denmark and Finland
Raitasalo, K., Østergaard, J., & Andrade, S. B. (2020) · Nordic Studies on Alcohol and Drugs · doi:10.1177/1455072520968343 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
“…studies have reported both paternal and maternal alcohol abuse to equally increase the risk of adverse outcomes in children (McGrath et al., 1999; Shen et al., 2016; Sipilä et al., 2011; Torvik et al., 2011), while others have indicated that either maternal (Jääskeläinen et al., 2020) or…”
BackgroundAaron, L., Kaplan, R. M., & Black, S. R. (2024) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2024.08.199 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Law, E. C. N., Aishworiya, R., Cai, S., Bouvette–Turcot, A., Broekman, B. F. P., Chen, H., Daniel, L. M., Gluckman, P. D., Shek, L. P., Tay, S. K. H., et al. (2021) · Epidemiology and Psychiatric Sciences · doi:10.1017/s204579602000102x · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Saptarini, I., Rizkianti, A., Arfines, P. P., Suparmi, S., & Maisya, I. B. (2021) · Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health · doi:10.3961/jpmph.21.158 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
“Parental distress may reduce the quality of parenting and increase stress in children [8].”
BackgroundAyano, G., Betts, K. S., Dachew, B. A., & Alati, R. (2022) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2022.114946 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Bell, M. F., Segal, L., Dennison, S., Kinner, S., Dawe, S., Spittal, M., & Preen, D. (2023) · Journal of School Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.jsp.2023.101241 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Zhou, M., Lageborn, C. T., Sjölander, A., Larsson, H., D'Onofrio, B. M., Landén, M., Lichtenstein, P., & Pettersson, E. (2024) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.20230353 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Mental health in children of parents being treated by specialised psychiatric services
Nordh, E. W., Priebe, G., Grip, K. K., Afzelius, M., & Axberg, U. (2022) · Scandinavian Journal of Public Health · doi:10.1177/14034948221076208 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
“It is well established that children of parents with mental illness have an increased risk of developing their own mental health problems [3] and they also have an increased risk of experiencing other negative outcomes, such as poor physical health [4] and difficulties with academic performance [5].”
BackgroundNg‐Knight, T., Shelton, K. H., Frederickson, N. L., McManus, I. C., & Rice, F. J. (2017) · Journal of Adolescence · doi:10.1016/j.adolescence.2017.11.003 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Childhood Infections and Subsequent School Achievement Among 598,553 Danish Children
Köhler‐Forsberg, O., Sørensen, H. J., Nordentoft, M., McGrath, J. J., Benros, M. E., & Petersen, L. V. (2017) · The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal · doi:10.1097/inf.0000000000001869 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Intergenerational study of depression: a convergence of findings and opportunities
Weissman, M. M. (2019) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s0033291719002939 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
“The Shen et al. (2016) study from Sweden had sufficiently large samples of fathers and was longitudinal and did show both a maternal and paternal depression effect on child’s school performance.”
BackgroundCourse of major depressive disorder after pregnancy and the postpartum period
Freeman, M. P., Claypoole, L. D., Burt, V. K., Sosinsky, A. Z., Moustafa, D., Noe, O. B., Cheng, L. J., & Cohen, L. S. (2018) · Depression and Anxiety · doi:10.1002/da.22836 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
“Children with depressed mothers are at higher risk for attachment problems, behavioral problems, poor cognitive functioning, worse academic performance, and psychopathology (Goodman et al., 2011; Murray et al., 2011; Shen et al., 2016).”
BackgroundDesalegn, S. Y., Asaye, M. M., Temesgan, W. Z., & Badi, M. B. (2022) · Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health · doi:10.1016/j.cegh.2022.101072 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Bechtiger, L., Steinhoff, A., Dollar, J. M., Halliday, S. E., Keane, S. P., Calkins, S. D., & Shanahan, L. (2021) · Child Development · doi:10.1111/cdev.13685 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
“One study revealed an association between parental depressive disorders at any point in children's lives from the postnatal period to age 16 and children's lower school performance at age 16 (Shen et al., 2016).”
BackgroundResultInfluentialUriko, K., Christoforou, A., Motrico, E., Moreno-Peral, P., Akik, B. K., Žutić, M., & den Berg, M. P. L. (2023) · Journal of Reproductive and Infant Psychology · doi:10.1080/02646838.2023.2266470 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
“Although less empirical attention has been devoted to effect of paternal PPD on child development, it has been reported that P-PPD is associated with a behavioural and mental health problems in offspring (Brophy et al., 2021; Gutierrez-Galve et al., 2019; Pilowsky et al., 2014; Shen et al., 2016).”
InfluentialAhun, M. N., Psychogiou, L., Guay, F., Boivin, M., Tremblay, R. E., & Côté, S. M. (2020) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s0033291720004298 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Case-control study of postpartum anxiety and maternal-infant bonding in NICU and non-NICU mothers
Varela, P., Karamanou, A., Nanou, C., & Δελτσίδου, Ά. (2022) · Journal of Neonatal Nursing · doi:10.1016/j.jnn.2022.05.003 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Paternal postnatal depression and associated factors: Community-based cross-sectional study
Wedajo, L. F., Alemu, S. S., Tola, M. A., & Teferi, S. M. (2023) · SAGE Open Medicine · doi:10.1177/20503121231208265 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
“32,33 In addition to maternal, infant, and family health, PPND has a significant impact on the world economy as it threatens the workforce and increases healthcare costs.”
BackgroundCharacterization of Depressive Symptom Trajectories in Women between Childbirth and Diagnosis
Chechko, N., Stickel, S., Losse, E. M., Shymanskaya, A., & Habel, U. (2022) · Journal of Personalized Medicine · doi:10.3390/jpm12040538 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Moss, K. M., Dobson, A. J., & Mishra, G. D. (2020) · Paediatric and Perinatal Epidemiology · doi:10.1111/ppe.12681 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Bager, L., Laursen, T. M., Skipper, N., & Agerbo, E. (2021) · European Journal of Public Health · doi:10.1093/eurpub/ckab108 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
“Parents’ psychiatric morbidities, such depression 21 and other serious mental illnesses (SMIs), 22 are negatively associated with child school outcomes.”
BackgroundPostpartum Paternal Depression: Its Impact on Family and Child Development
DEMİRCİ, Ö., & İnan, E. (2023) · Psikiyatride Guncel Yaklasimlar - Current Approaches in Psychiatry · doi:10.18863/pgy.1153712 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Andersen, N., & Lund, I. O. (2020) · BMC Psychiatry · doi:10.1186/s12888-020-02825-4 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Fetal sex-specific epigenetic associations with prenatal maternal depressive symptoms
Kee, M. Z. L., Teh, A. L., Clappison, A. S., Pokhvisneva, I., MacIssac, J. L., Lin, D. T. S., Ramadori, K. E., Broekman, B. F. P., Chen, H., Daniel, M. L., et al. (2022) · iScience · doi:10.1016/j.isci.2022.104860 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
“…the frontal cortex (BA9), anterior cingulate cortex (BA24), the basal ganglia, and notably nucleus accumbens, as well as the hippocampus and amygdala (Figure 4B; Akil et al., 2018; Drysdale et al., 2017; Hamilton et al., 2013; Otte et al., 2016; Schmaal et al., 2016; Siddiqi et al., 2021).”
BackgroundThe association between parental internalizing disorders and child school performance
Nordmo, M., Kleppestø, T. H., Sunde, H. F., Flatø, M., Demange, P., & Torvik, F. A. (2023) · npj Science of Learning · doi:10.1038/s41539-023-00182-x · Cited by 8 · see citing works
“The impact of parental mental disorders on child development has been studied extensively 2 – 4 , with a subset of studies focusing on children ’ s school outcomes 5 – 8 .”
InfluentialKim, S.-I., Kim, S. M., Park, S. J., Song, J., Lee, J., Kim, K. H., & Park, S. M. (2024) · BMC Public Health · doi:10.1186/s12889-024-18337-9 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
“Consequently, the deterioration of the economic situation for parents with depression can make it difficult for their children to find employment themselves or access educational opportunities, which may negatively impact their mental health and academic performance [56].”
BackgroundLoladiya, N. (2023) · International Journal of Nursing and Medical Investigation · doi:10.31690/ijnmi.2023.v08i03.009 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Roos, L. E., Salisbury, M. R., Penner‐Goeke, L., Cameron, E. E., Protudjer, J. L. P., Giuliano, R. J., Afifi, T. O., & Reynolds, K. (2020) · doi:10.31234/osf.io/u5xzw · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Effect of gestational age on special education: a population-based matched cohort analysis
de Baat, T., Ravelli, A. C. J., Aarnoudse-Moens, C. S. H., Abu–Hanna, A., & Leemhuis, A. G. (2025) · Archives of Disease in Childhood Fetal & Neonatal · doi:10.1136/archdischild-2025-328599 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Effect of Maternal Depression on the Participation of Children With Leukemia in Life Activities
Khazaeli, K., Khazaeli, Z., Jalili, N., & Gharebaghy, S. (2021) · فصلنامه علمی پژوهشی توانبخشی · doi:10.32598/rj.22.2.3240.1 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
“Previous studies have shown the vital role of parents in children’s participation and achievement in education [33-39].”
BackgroundResultBelkacem, N. A., Gorgui, J., Tchuente, V., Aubin, D., Lippé, S., & Bérard, A. (2024) · Journal of Clinical Medicine · doi:10.3390/jcm13041055 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
“Indeed, the results of some studies suggest a poorer cognitive development in boys [43,44], while others suggest that this effect is more significant in girls [45].”
Axinn, W. G., Banchoff, E., Ghimire, D. J., & Scott, K. M. (2024) · Social Science & Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.socscimed.2024.116745 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Abebe, G. F., Alie, M. S., Adugna, A., Asmelash, D., Dasa, T. T., Girma, D., & Asres, A. (2024) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1385323 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Jørgensen, S. E., Thygesen, L. C., Andersen, A., Due, P., & Michelsen, S. I. (2022) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph19052719 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Ethische Betrachtungen zur Elternschaft psychisch Erkrankter
Jordan, W. (2018) · Psychiatrische Praxis · doi:10.1055/s-0043-123570 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Mudzielwana, N. P., Mbulaheni, V. M., & Kutame, A. P. (2017) · Journal of Psychology · doi:10.1080/09764224.2017.1385933 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
“Koplow (2002) and Shen et al. (2016) recommended that effective teacher-learner interactions encourage greater confidence and classroom engagement.”
Hsu, H.-W., Huang, J., Au, H., Lin, C.-L., Chen, Y., Chen, Y., Chao, H. J., Lo, Y., Lin, W., & Chen, Y. (2024) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2024.03.054 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Question 10: Could the Burden of Care with Cystic Fibrosis Impact on Educational Outcomes?
Hanxhiu, A., McKay, K., Singh‐Grewal, D., & Fitzgerald, D. A. (2016) · Paediatric Respiratory Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.prrv.2016.06.013 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Neurobehavioral Follow-Up of Children Exposed to Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors in Utero
Cohen, L. S., Rhodes, S., Claypoole, L. D., Góez-Mogollón, L. M., Sosinsky, A. Z., Moustafa, D., Noe, O. B., McElheny, S. A., Cheng, L. J., Bick, J. R., et al. (2022) · Annals of Clinical Psychiatry · doi:10.12788/acp.0074 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Okuyama, K., Lönn, S. L., Khoshnood, A., Assari, S., Sundquist, J., & Sundquist, K. (2025) · Frontiers in Public Health · doi:10.3389/fpubh.2025.1521387 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Emotional Problems in Children of Mothers who had Depression: A Cross-Sectional Study
Kallapiran, K., & Jayanthini, V. (2021) · Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1177/0253717621991210 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Cremaschi, A., Iorio, M. D., Chong, Y. S., Broekman, B. F. P., Meaney, M. J., & Kee, M. Z. L. (2021) · Statistics in Medicine · doi:10.1002/sim.9167 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Prevention of Childhood Adversities and Children’s Common Mental Disorders and School Grades
Pierce, M., Bai, Y., Nevriana, A., Dalman, C., Hope, H. F., Kosidou, K., Ohlis, A., Wicks, S., & Abel, K. M. (2023) · JAMA Network Open · doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.36408 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Self-citationNiforatos, J. D., Swetlik, C., & Viguera, A. C. (2019) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-92919-4_8 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Bauer, A., Grégoire, A., Salehi, N., Weng, J. Y., & Knapp, M. R. J. (2025) · Value in Health · doi:10.1016/j.jval.2025.01.016 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Zhou, M., Larsson, H., D'Onofrio, B. M., Landén, M., Kuja‐Halkola, R., Chang, Z., Brikell, I., Lichtenstein, P., & Pettersson, E. (2025) · PLoS Medicine · doi:10.1371/journal.pmed.1004784 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Yao, H., Guan, L., Zhou, T., Zhang, C., Pan, Y., Han, J., He, R., Chang, Z., Du, C., Wu, T., et al. (2023) · Journal of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing · doi:10.1111/jpm.12950 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Rimmington, D., Roberts, R., Sawyer, A. C. P., & Sved‐Williams, A. (2024) · Borderline Personality Disorder and Emotion Dysregulation · doi:10.1186/s40479-024-00250-7 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
“Where parents face challenges due to mental health disorders children are also reported to experience poorer outcomes including higher rates of mental illness [11] as well as higher rates of neurodevelopmental issues [12], and functional impairment in schooling and academic achievement [13].”
BackgroundFerede, Y. A., Zeleke, A. M., Assefa, G. W., Nigate, G. K., & Tassew, W. C. (2025) · AJOG Global Reports · doi:10.1016/j.xagr.2025.100475 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Christiansen, H., & Paul, J. L. (2020) · Praxis der Kinderpsychologie und Kinderpsychiatrie · doi:10.13109/prkk.2020.69.5.443 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Paternal Prenatal and Postpartum Depression
Paulson, J. F., Ellis, K. T., & Alexander, R. L. (2020) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-51027-5_15 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Li, B., Almquist, Y. B., Liu, C., & Berg, L. (2023) · SSM - Population Health · doi:10.1016/j.ssmph.2023.101357 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
“These challenges put children at higher risk of negative social outcomes, such as school dropout (Shen et al., 2016) and teenage pregnancy (Anda et al.”
BackgroundSchool performances in children with cataract: results from a population-based cohort study
Al‐Bakri, M., Skovgaard, A. M., Bach‐Holm, D., Larsen, D. A., Siersma, V., & Kessel, L. (2023) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2023-072984 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Elternschaft und psychische Erkrankungen
Koopmann, A., Hoell, A., Meyer‐Lindenberg, A., Kiefer, F., Banaschewski, T., Haege, A., Herpertz, S. C., Neukel, C., Poustka, L., Link, T., et al. (2024) · Der Nervenarzt · doi:10.1007/s00115-024-01781-8 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
“Die psychosozialen Folgen für Kinder aus den betroffenen Familien reichen von fehlender emotionaler Zuwendung durch die Eltern bis hin zu Parentifizierung [3], geringerem schulischem Erfolg [4] und ei-nererschwertensozialenIntegrationin die Gleichaltrigengruppe [5].”
Anxious Dads and Depressed Moms: Child Disability and the Mental Health of Parents
Asuman, D., Ásgeirsdóttir, T. L., & Jarl, J. (2025) · Health Economics · doi:10.1002/hec.4962 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
“A growing body of evidence shows negative consequences of poor mental health, including lower educational attainment (H. Shen et al. 2016; Ranning et al. 2018; Paget et al. 2018) and labor‐market outcomes (Banerjee et al. 2017; Mousteri et al. 2019; Y. Shen 2023; Wang et al. 2023).”
Editorial: Intergenerational impacts of perinatal mental health
Christoforou, A., Duman, E. A., & Caparrós-González, R. A. (2025) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2025.1542112 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
- Authors
- Shen, H., Magnusson, C., Rai, D., Lundberg, M., Lê-Scherban, F., Dalman, C., & Lee, B. K.
- Affiliations
- Drexel University (US)
- Region Stockholm (SE)
- University of Bristol (GB)
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Drexel University School of Public Health, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Karolinska Institutet (SE)
- Corresponding author
- Lee, Brian K.
- Venue
- JAMA Psychiatry
- Publisher
- American Medical Association (AMA)
- Published
- 2016-03-01
- Volume
- 73
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 239
- ISSN
- 2168-622X (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2260664678
- Cited by
- 144
- References
- 68
- Citations by year
- 2026: 10 · 2025: 13 · 2024: 18 · 2023: 16 · 2022: 14 · 2021: 19 · 2020: 19 · 2019: 11 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 12 · 2016: 5
- FWCI
- 15.60
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- JAMA Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Explore Bristol Research (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Vetenskapsrådet
- Canadian Institutes of Health Research
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Maternal Mental Health During Pregnancy and Postpartum
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Family Support in Illness
- Keywords
- parental depression, maternal depression, paternal depression, academic performance, compulsory education, family environment, socioeconomic deprivation, birth cohort, Sweden, child mental health, child behavior problems, child emotional problems, child social problems
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adolescent Behavior, Adult, Child, Child, Preschool, Depression, Fathers, Female, Humans, Infant, Learning, Male, Middle Aged, Mothers, Parents, Sex Factors, Sweden, Time Factors, Confounding Factors, Epidemiologic
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
