The DOI matches its Crossref record; 210 of the 210 references it cites were found in a registry or an index; 4 of the 74 sources its claims cite were checked for support.
Orbital evidence for more widespread carbonate-bearing rocks on Mars
Open accessAbstract
Abstract Carbonates are key minerals for understanding ancient Martian environments because they are indicators of potentially habitable, neutral‐to‐alkaline water and may be an important reservoir for paleoatmospheric CO 2 . Previous remote sensing studies have identified mostly Mg‐rich carbonates, both in Martian dust and in a Late Noachian rock unit circumferential to the Isidis basin. Here we report evidence for older Fe‐ and/or Ca‐rich carbonates exposed from the subsurface by impact craters and troughs. These carbonates are found in and around the Huygens basin northwest of Hellas, in western Noachis Terra between the Argyre basin and Valles Marineris, and in other isolated locations spread widely across the planet. In all cases they cooccur with or near phyllosilicates, and in Huygens basin specifically they occupy layered rocks exhumed from up to ~5 km depth. We discuss factors that might explain their observed regional distribution, arguments for why carbonates may be even more widespread in Noachian materials than presently appreciated and what could be gained by targeting these carbonates for further study with future orbital or landed missions to Mars.
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4 of 74 cited sources checked · 3 supported · 0 flagged · accuracy not yet measured
The sources with a verdict support this claim; the rest weren’t checked yet, have no full text we could read, or their verdicts aren’t rated yet.
In the paper
“In either case, siderite in particular implies formation from surface or subsurface fluids with higher [Fe 2+ ]-and therefore a less oxidizing environment-than the surfaces of modern Earth or Mars [e.g., Catling, 1999;Niles et al., 2013].”
§ Orbital evidence for more widespread carbonatebearing rocks on Mars > 6. Discussion
What the sources say
- Supportedcites Catling, 1999 source
Section 2.1 links aqueous Fe²⁺ on early Mars to very low oxygen levels and contrasts it with modern Earth's surface waters, where Fe²⁺ is rapidly oxidized. The Discussion predicts siderite precipitation from early Martian basin water, while the passage on contemporary Mars (p. 16,465) describes oxidation of surface layers and uncertainty about exposed siderite's stability. (LLM, conf=0.91)
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites Niles et al., 2013 source
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedCausal:direct· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes? Load-bearing: unclear✓ Based: passes- Supported
The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“This is ~1.8 km below the pre-Lucaya local Huygens rim crest (Figure 5b);”
§ Orbital evidence for more widespread carbonatebearing rocks on Mars > 3.2. Geologic Setting and Morphology
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesA result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“In Huygens basin specifically they occupy layered rocks exhumed from up to ~5 km depth.”
§ Orbital evidence for more widespread carbonatebearing rocks on Mars > Abstract
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedCausal:correlational· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes? Load-bearing: unclear✓ Based: passes- Rests on an assumption: Impact craters and troughs that expose the carbonates did not significantly alter the carbonate mineralogy or spectral signature.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“In all cases they cooccur with or near phyllosilicates, and in Huygens basin specifically they occupy layered rocks exhumed from up to ~5 km depth.”
- Also stated in: § 3.1. Spectral Analysis · plain
“these also cooccur in the carbonate outcrops, producing the water-related absorptions at 1.40 and 1.91 μm and contributing to the depth and width of the 2.3 μm band”
§ Orbital evidence for more widespread carbonatebearing rocks on Mars > Abstract
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passes- Also stated in: § 3.1. Spectral Analysis · plain
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The most diagnostic carbonate signature found to date at Huygens basin (Figure 3) is in Lucaya crater (Figure 5), a D ~34 km central (floor) pit crater superposed on Huygens' rim crest (11.6°S, 52°E).”
§ Orbital evidence for more widespread carbonatebearing rocks on Mars > 3.2. Geologic Setting and Morphology
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedSingle caseTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes? Load-bearing: unclear✓ Based: passesA result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“An assemblage containing chlorite is further implied by an additional weak feature at 2.25 μm in the CRISM spectrum in Figure 3.”
§ Orbital evidence for more widespread carbonatebearing rocks on Mars > 3.1. Spectral Analysis
Strength:hedged· not yet calibratedCausal:correlational· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes? Load-bearing: unclear✓ Based: passesA result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“In and around the basin, CRISM spectra of several outcrops-most exposed by craters superposed on the basin rim (Figure 2)-exhibit a distinct spectral phase with broad absorptions consistently centered at 2.33 and 2.53 μm, similar in position to vibrational bands in carbonates such as siderite (Figures 1 and 3).”
§ Orbital evidence for more widespread carbonatebearing rocks on Mars > 3.1. Spectral Analysis
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesIn the paper
“The carbonate-bearing rocks in Lucaya's central pit today lie at a MOLA elevation of ~1.4-1.5 km relative datum [Smith et al., 1999].”
§ Orbital evidence for more widespread carbonatebearing rocks on Mars > 3.2. Geologic Setting and Morphology
What the sources say
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites Smith et al., 1999 source
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesA result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Several hydroxylated, noncarbonate minerals also absorb near 2.3 and/or 2.5 μm (Figure 3), but no linear mixture of these phases in our spectral libraries (e.g., chlorite + analcime) matches the CRISM absorptions as closely in position and shape as do Fe/Ca-carbonates (Figure 3).”
§ Orbital evidence for more widespread carbonatebearing rocks on Mars > 3.1. Spectral Analysis
Load-bearingStrength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesA result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Additional absorptions at 3.5 and 3.9 μm provide Journal of Geophysical Research: Planets 10.1002/2015JE004972 further evidence for Fe/Ca-carbonates (Figure 1).”
§ Orbital evidence for more widespread carbonatebearing rocks on Mars > 3.1. Spectral Analysis
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passes
- Probably not a substantial claim. 12
- It may state two separate claims as one. 55
- The quote only partly states this claim. 1
The cited sources that could be checked couldn’t confirm or dispute this claim.
In the paper
“Martian carbonates may provide a valuable standard for interpreting any organics found on Mars [e.g., Freissinet et al., 2015]”
§ Orbital evidence for more widespread carbonatebearing rocks on Mars > 6. Discussion
What the sources say
- Could not verifycites Freissinet et al., 2015 sourceExperimental — accuracy not yet measured
The Discussion (§4.4; page unavailable) addresses the preservation and detection of Martian organics, but does not describe carbonates as a standard for interpreting them. Searches for “carbonate” and for carbonates as an interpretive standard found no passage addressing that claim. (LLM, conf=0.74)
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✗ Checkable: fails✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. It may be too vague to check against evidence.
- Could not verify
Every source the paper cites for this claim was checked and supports it.
In the paper
“Romanek et al. [2009] showed that Mg incorporation into mixed-cation carbonates is much less effective at 25°C than at 70°C, which would be consistent with the Mg-rich carbonates on Mars having a higher-temperature origin than those appearing Fe/Ca-rich.”
§ Orbital evidence for more widespread carbonatebearing rocks on Mars > 6. Discussion
What the sources say
- Supportedcites Romanek et al., 2009 source
Section 3.5 reports that the Mg proportion in mixed Fe–Ca–Mg carbonate increased from 25°C to 70°C; a paired comparison also produced magnesian siderite at 25°C but ferroan magnesite at 70°C. This supports the experimental result attributed to Romanek et al. The Mars interpretation is framed as the citing authors’ inference, not as a finding attributed to the source. (LLM, conf=0.91)
Strength:hedged· not yet calibratedCausal:conditional· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✗ Load-bearing: fails✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Supported
Every source the paper cites for this claim was checked and supports it.
In the paper
“Indeed, our areas of spatially clustered carbonates in western Noachis Terra and the circum-Isidis/Terra Tyrrhena region loosely correlate with clusters of olivine exposures [e.g., Ehlmann and Edwards, 2014, Figure 2a], although a concentration specifically surrounding Huygens basin northwest of Hellas is not observed.”
§ Orbital evidence for more widespread carbonatebearing rocks on Mars > 6. Discussion
What the sources say
- Supportedcites Ehlmann and Edwards, 2014 source
Split into 2 atoms — 2 confirmed, 0 partially supported, 0 disputed, 0 misattributed, 0 unverifiable. Expand the claim to see per-atom verdicts.
Strength:hedged· not yet calibratedCausal:correlational· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes? Load-bearing: unclear✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
- Supported
None of the sources cited for this claim could be matched to a paper in Crossref, so there is nothing to check it against.
In the paper
“These outcrops also share a broad spectral curvature from 1 to ~1.8 μm in CRISM data, consistent with Fe-bearing carbonate, chlorite, or other ferrous phases [e.g., Bishop et al., 2013c], or possibly dehydrated Fe 3+ -smectite [Morris et al., 2010a].”
§ Orbital evidence for more widespread carbonatebearing rocks on Mars > 3.1. Spectral Analysis
What the sources say
- Not matchedcites Bishop et al., 2013c
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
- Not matchedcites Morris et al., 2010a
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
- Not matched
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“CRISM spectra of adjacent outcrops appear dominated by hydrated Mg-phyllosilicates (possibly smectites), and these also cooccur in the carbonate outcrops, producing the water-related absorptions at 1.40 and 1.91 μm and contributing to the depth and width of the 2.3 μm band (Figure 3).”
§ Orbital evidence for more widespread carbonatebearing rocks on Mars > 3.1. Spectral Analysis
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“These carbonates are found in and around the Huygens basin northwest of Hellas, in western Noachis Terra between the Argyre basin and Valles Marineris, and in other isolated locations spread widely across the planet.”
§ Orbital evidence for more widespread carbonatebearing rocks on Mars > Abstract
Load-bearingStrength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The carbonate-bearing rocks are jointed and possibly layered (Figure 6a) and in some places are criss-crossed by protruding ridges (Figure 6b) that could be dikes or large mineralized veins.”
§ Orbital evidence for more widespread carbonatebearing rocks on Mars > 3.2. Geologic Setting and Morphology
Strength:hedged· not yet calibratedSingle caseTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes? Load-bearing: unclear✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Several of these craters, such as Lucaya and the unnamed crater in Figure 4, contain central pits.”
§ Orbital evidence for more widespread carbonatebearing rocks on Mars > 3.2. Geologic Setting and Morphology
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✗ Load-bearing: fails✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Here carbonate and phyllosilicate-bearing materials can be mapped to specific outcrops on the central pit wall (Figure 5c); the strongest signatures are seen on the southeastern side, but smaller carbonate outcrops occur across the pit's ~6 km width (e.g., bright outcrops on the northern wall at 11.545°S, 51.922°E).”
§ Orbital evidence for more widespread carbonatebearing rocks on Mars > 3.2. Geologic Setting and Morphology
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“Aragonite has a more complex spectral structure at ~3.4 μm that we do not observe in the Huygens data, but other Ca/Fe-carbonates (calcite, ankerite, and siderite) appear equally consistent with the vibrational bands detected by CRISM [see also Bishop et al., 2015].”
§ Orbital evidence for more widespread carbonatebearing rocks on Mars > 3.1. Spectral Analysis
What the sources say
- Not matchedcites Bishop et al., 2015
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
Load-bearingStrength:hedged· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
- Not matched
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Other confirmed carbonate detections on Huygens' rim or its proximal ejecta appear excavated from comparable depths, but not all deep rim exposures reveal unambiguous carbonates; e.g., FRT00021DF7 covers a D ~25 km central pit crater on Huygens' eastern rim exposing phyllosilicates, but no carbonates (Figure 2).”
§ Orbital evidence for more widespread carbonatebearing rocks on Mars > 3.2. Geologic Setting and Morphology
Strength:hedged· not yet calibratedSingle caseTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes? Load-bearing: unclear✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Carbonates are also found within Huygens basin as well as on its rim.”
§ Orbital evidence for more widespread carbonatebearing rocks on Mars > 3.2. Geologic Setting and Morphology
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes? Load-bearing: unclear✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Huygens has an uplifted central peak ring; carbonates on the basin floor all occur outside this ring, mostly adjacent to the dissected basin walls, and could have been eroded and transported from the basin rim.”
§ Orbital evidence for more widespread carbonatebearing rocks on Mars > 3.2. Geologic Setting and Morphology
Strength:hedged· not yet calibratedCausal:conditional· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes? Load-bearing: unclear✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“They occur from the north end of the basin to the south, Journal of Geophysical Research: Planets 10.1002/2015JE004972 exposed by craters (Figure 4) [see also Wray et al., 2009, Figure DR1C] or, in one case, at the eroding edge of a dendritic (fluvial?)feature downslope from the basin wall-incising valleys (Figure 8).”
§ Orbital evidence for more widespread carbonatebearing rocks on Mars > 3.2. Geologic Setting and Morphology
What the sources say
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites Wray et al., 2009 source
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes? Load-bearing: unclear✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Lucaya's valleys are filled with younger aeolian bed forms (Figure 6a), which appear to be inactive, as several small impact craters are superposed on them.”
§ Orbital evidence for more widespread carbonatebearing rocks on Mars > 3.2. Geologic Setting and Morphology
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes? Load-bearing: unclear✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“For example, a D ~32 km crater on Huygens' southwest flank (Figure 7a) showed chlorite but no clear carbonates in its central uplift at ~36 m/pixel (CRISM HRS00019650), whereas at ~18 m/pixel (FRT0001FD79) carbonates are resolved (Figure 7b), likely originating from a depth similar to those in Lucaya.”
§ Orbital evidence for more widespread carbonatebearing rocks on Mars > 3.2. Geologic Setting and Morphology
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Arrows point to locations of clay + carbonate detection in Her Desher Vallis (CRISM HRL00009B61) and Nirgal Valllis (FRT0000C875).”
§ Orbital evidence for more widespread carbonatebearing rocks on Mars > 7. Conclusions
Load-bearingStrength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Carbonates in Noachis Terra cooccur with layered phyllosilicates in the shallow subsurface and could be younger.”
§ Orbital evidence for more widespread carbonatebearing rocks on Mars > 6. Discussion
Strength:hedged· not yet calibratedCausal:correlational· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes? Load-bearing: unclear✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“However, the 3-4 μm features are at the noise level (Figure 14d), and the shape and width of the 2.5 μm feature do not closely match the rounded, asymmetric 2.5 μm absorptions in our Journal of Geophysical Research: Planets 10.1002/2015JE004972 laboratory carbonate spectra (Figure 1)”
§ Orbital evidence for more widespread carbonatebearing rocks on Mars > 4. Western Noachis Terra
Load-bearingStrength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Layered or foliated rocks of mixed composition including Mg-carbonate (concentrated in the lighter-toned rocks at right), Fe/Mg-clay (concentrated in redder materials to the left), and possibly weathered glass”
§ Orbital evidence for more widespread carbonatebearing rocks on Mars > 7. Conclusions
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“CRISM hyperspectral mapping shows that ~2.5 and ~3.9 μm absorptions consistent with carbonate span several kilometers of phyllosilicate-rich outcrop laterally at this location but are not ubiquitous within this layer (Figure 11).”
§ Orbital evidence for more widespread carbonatebearing rocks on Mars > 4. Western Noachis Terra
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“In any case, continuum-removed spectra clearly show rounded 2.30 and 2.50 μm absorptions that are of comparable strength in some outcrops, consistent with Mg-carbonate, while in other locations the 2.3 μm band is stronger and other features (e.g., a 1.4 μm absorption) indicate mixture with Fe/Mg-phyllosilicates”
§ Orbital evidence for more widespread carbonatebearing rocks on Mars > 5. Other Locations
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Note correspondence to all yellow areas in Figure11a(i.e., spectra having both 2.3 and 2.5 μm absorptions), but not areas that are red in Figure11a(i.e., having only a 2.3 μm band).”
§ Orbital evidence for more widespread carbonatebearing rocks on Mars > 7. Conclusions
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“At ~36 m/pixel (HRS 19650), after averaging enough pixels to mitigate noise, the outcrop in Figure 7 a has a spectrum resembling chlorite, with a strong 3 μm H 2 O band, weaker ~2.5 than ~2.3 μm feature, and clear shoulder at 2.25 μm (arrow).”
§ Orbital evidence for more widespread carbonatebearing rocks on Mars > 7. Conclusions
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedSingle caseTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes? Load-bearing: unclear✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Arrow indicates a 2.5 μm absorption found only in Figure14a, which also has a stronger 3.9 μm band and a (d) ~3.5 μm region more consistent with carbonate than in Figure14b.”
§ Orbital evidence for more widespread carbonatebearing rocks on Mars > 7. Conclusions
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Additional CRISM imaging in and around this crater shows that these signatures are localized to the central uplift and the adjacent crater floor and not found in the crater's reasonably well-preserved ejecta (Figure 15a).”
§ Orbital evidence for more widespread carbonatebearing rocks on Mars > 5. Other Locations
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The darker subunit at the top of the clay-bearing horizon extends for at least several kilometers and appears deficient in carbonate relative to the underlying, polygonally fractured outcrop.”
§ Orbital evidence for more widespread carbonatebearing rocks on Mars > 7. Conclusions
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes? Load-bearing: unclear✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Spectra from the crater's central pit (top) and ejecta (middle, bottom) show similar characteristics to each other and to the CRISM spectrum in Figure 3.”
§ Orbital evidence for more widespread carbonatebearing rocks on Mars > 7. Conclusions
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The same two spectral averages prior to continuum removal, showing broad blue slopes that extend to the longest wavelengths measured by CRISM.”
§ Orbital evidence for more widespread carbonatebearing rocks on Mars > 7. Conclusions
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedSingle caseTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✗ Load-bearing: fails✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Their IR spectral features are notably distinct from those of carbonates or Fe/ Mg-phyllosilicates, lacking ~2.3 μm features but with distinctive absorptions at ~1.6 and 2 μm (ferrous) or ~0.6 μm (ferric).”
§ Orbital evidence for more widespread carbonatebearing rocks on Mars > 7. Conclusions
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes? Load-bearing: unclear✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The detailed spatial distribution of mineral signatures (Figure 5c) suggests that the phyllosilicate signatures are concentrated in the ridged areas, which could indicate that they represent a later stage of alteration.”
§ Orbital evidence for more widespread carbonatebearing rocks on Mars > 3.2. Geologic Setting and Morphology
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes? Load-bearing: unclear✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The 3.9 μm band depth is considered as evidence for carbonates only in scenes where it appears spatially correlated with the 2.3 and 2.5 μm band depths.”
§ Orbital evidence for more widespread carbonatebearing rocks on Mars > 1.3. Carbonates in Outcrop
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim.
None of the sources cited for this claim have been checked yet.
In the paper
“Release of CO 2 [e.g., Hörz et al., 2015] and H 2 O from carbonate-and phyllosilicate-rich target rocks may have formed Lucaya's central pit, and the valleys emptying into it (Figure 5) could perhaps have been carved by impact-mobilized fluids; such valleys in central pit craters are otherwise relatively rare at the ice-poor equatorial latitudes of Mars [Peel and Fassett, 2013].”
§ Orbital evidence for more widespread carbonatebearing rocks on Mars > 3.2. Geologic Setting and Morphology
What the sources say
- Not matchedcites Hörz et al., 2015
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites Peel and Fassett, 2013 source
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes? Load-bearing: unclear✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
- Not matched
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Here the preimpact depth of these materials can be no greater than a few hundred meters, indicating that carbonates may occur at varying depths across the region.”
§ Orbital evidence for more widespread carbonatebearing rocks on Mars > 3.2. Geologic Setting and Morphology
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“Mgcarbonate has also been confirmed in situ by Spirit in Gusev crater, where the Comanche outcrop hosts 16-34 wt % carbonate as estimated by three complementary chemical and mineralogical data sets [Morris et al., 2010b].”
§ Orbital evidence for more widespread carbonatebearing rocks on Mars > 1.3. Carbonates in Outcrop
What the sources say
- Not matchedcites Morris et al., 2010b
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
Strength:hedged· not yet calibratedSingle caseTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes? Load-bearing: unclear✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
- Not matched
The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Previous remote sensing studies have identified mostly Mg-rich carbonates, both in Martian dust and in a Late Noachian rock unit circumferential to the Isidis basin.”
§ Orbital evidence for more widespread carbonatebearing rocks on Mars > Abstract
Load-bearingStrength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. It may state two separate claims as one.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“We do so with the caveats that we make no attempt to model and remove the thermal emission that competes with surface reflectance at the longest wavelengths and that many observations still show spectral structure in the 3-4 μm range that we do not fully understand.”
§ Orbital evidence for more widespread carbonatebearing rocks on Mars > 1.3. Carbonates in Outcrop
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✗ Load-bearing: fails✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. It may state two separate claims as one.
A claim is checked only against the cited paper’s full text, never its abstract, and none is available for its sources.
In the paper
“Nonthermal escape processes appear capable of removing only up to ~10 mbar [e.g., Chassefière et al., 2013] or at most ~100 mbar CO 2 over the past 4.1 Gyr [Lammer et al., 2013], so another sink for the early atmosphere is needed.”
§ Orbital evidence for more widespread carbonatebearing rocks on Mars > 1.1. The Missing Martian Carbon
What the sources say
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“Indurated cross strata are visible among these bed forms, suggesting that later fluids may have dissolved some carbonates and reprecipitated them as sand cements [Bourke and Wray, 2011].”
§ Orbital evidence for more widespread carbonatebearing rocks on Mars > 3.2. Geologic Setting and Morphology
What the sources say
- Not matchedcites Bourke and Wray, 2011
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
Strength:hedged· not yet calibratedCausal:conditional· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✗ Load-bearing: fails✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. It may state two separate claims as one.
- Not matched
None of the sources cited for this claim have been checked yet.
In the paper
“Thermal infrared studies of several candidate basins revealed no abundant carbonates [Ruff et al., 2001;Stockstill et al., 2005Stockstill et al., , 2007]], and the Spirit rover's landing site in Gusev crater-a likely former lake basin-was found to be covered in basaltic lavas rather than carbonate-rich sediments [Squyres et al., 2004].”
§ Orbital evidence for more widespread carbonatebearing rocks on Mars > 1.3. Carbonates in Outcrop
What the sources say
Load-bearingStrength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“The broad ~3 μm H 2 O absorptions of phyllosilicates also reduce the spectral contrast of carbonates' ~3.4 μm features, but the latter nevertheless remains discernible when carbonate is equal or even a bit less abundant than smectite, as do the ~2.5 and ~3.9 μm absorptions [Bishop et al., 2013b].”
§ Orbital evidence for more widespread carbonatebearing rocks on Mars > 4. Western Noachis Terra
What the sources say
- Not matchedcites Bishop et al., 2013b
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
- Not matched
None of the sources cited for this claim have been checked yet.
In the paper
“Ca/Fe-carbonates have also been reported in two crater central uplifts in Terra Tyrrhena [Carrozzo et al., 2013], in the walls of a crater into Noachian materials in the Eridania basin [Gilmore et al., 2014;Korn and Gilmore, 2015], in Capri Chasma at the eastern end of Valles Marineris [Jain and Chauhan, 2015], and on the floor of Robert Sharp crater just west of Gale crater [Carter et al., 2015].”
§ Orbital evidence for more widespread carbonatebearing rocks on Mars > 1.3. Carbonates in Outcrop
What the sources say
- Not matchedcites Carrozzo et al., 2013
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites Gilmore et al., 2014
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites Jain and Chauhan, 2015 source
Load-bearingStrength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
- Not matched
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Thus, we interpret spectra such as that shown in Figure 12a (same as Figure 1, bottom) as combinations of carbonates and Journal of Geophysical Research: Planets Journal of Geophysical Research: Planets clays, with Ca-carbonate best fitting the 2.54 and ~3.5 μm absorptions”
§ Orbital evidence for more widespread carbonatebearing rocks on Mars > 4. Western Noachis Terra
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one. The quote only partly states this claim.
A claim is checked only against the cited paper’s full text, never its abstract, and none is available for its sources.
In the paper
“Crater floor pits throughout the solar system are thought to form from impacts into volatile-rich targets, generating impact melt that later drains into subsurface fractures, while its most volatile components are lost via vaporization [e.g., Alzate and Barlow, 2011;Bray et al., 2012;Tornabene et al., 2012].”
§ Orbital evidence for more widespread carbonatebearing rocks on Mars > 3.2. Geologic Setting and Morphology
What the sources say
Strength:hedged· not yet calibratedCausal:direct· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✗ Load-bearing: fails✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
A claim is checked only against the cited paper’s full text, never its abstract, and none is available for its sources.
In the paper
“This layer is tens of meters thick and is exposed continuously along impact crater rims, valley walls, and other locations throughout the region where erosion has revealed the subsurface stratigraphy [Buczkowski et al., 2010[Buczkowski et al., , 2013;;Le Deit et al., 2012].”
§ Orbital evidence for more widespread carbonatebearing rocks on Mars > 4. Western Noachis Terra
What the sources say
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites Buczkowski et al., 2010
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites Buczkowski et al., 2013
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites Le Deit et al., 2012 source
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes? Load-bearing: unclear✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
A claim is checked only against the cited paper’s full text, never its abstract, and none is available for its sources.
In the paper
“Ancient atmospheric CO 2 could also have been sequestered via dissolution in surface waters, yielding HCO 3 -and CO 3 2-ions that combined with cations weathered from silicate crustal material, forming carbonate minerals [e.g., O'Connor, 1968;Goldspiel and Squyres, 1991].”
§ Orbital evidence for more widespread carbonatebearing rocks on Mars > 1.1. The Missing Martian Carbon
What the sources say
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
A claim is checked only against the cited paper’s full text, never its abstract, and none is available for its sources.
In the paper
“The coarser resolution of TES and Mars Odyssey's Thermal Emission Imaging System (THEMIS) relative to CRISM, plus textural effects such as high porosity [Kirkland et al., 2003], make definitive identification challenging for small deposits, but possible for the largest known deposits where exposures are at kilometer scales [Edwards and Ehlmann, 2015].”
§ Orbital evidence for more widespread carbonatebearing rocks on Mars > 1.3. Carbonates in Outcrop
What the sources say
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
A claim is checked only against the cited paper’s full text, never its abstract, and none is available for its sources.
In the paper
“Carbonates can also form in thin H 2 O films under the dry conditions of modern Mars [Booth and Kieffer, 1978;Shaheen et al., 2010], but this process appears to be self-limiting and could likely store only a few tens of millibars CO 2 [Stephens and Stevenson, 1990;Stephens et al., 1995] and also may require precursor minerals not known to exist widely on Mars, such as portlandite [Garenne et al.,”
§ Orbital evidence for more widespread carbonatebearing rocks on Mars > 1.1. The Missing Martian Carbon
What the sources say
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“These carbonate-bearing rocks appear layered, and at least some were likely once buried several kilometers or more beneath the surface.”
§ Orbital evidence for more widespread carbonatebearing rocks on Mars > 7. Conclusions
Load-bearingStrength:hedged· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Fluids across this region may have remained nonacidic longer than elsewhere on Mars, allowing both the carbonates and clays to persist and be fluvially transported to regional basins.”
§ Orbital evidence for more widespread carbonatebearing rocks on Mars > 6. Discussion
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“Their occurrence across a region >2000 km wide implies that the layered Fe/Ca-carbonate found in Leighton crater's central uplift by Michalski and Niles [2010] is but one of many windows into a record of possibly widespread, neutral-to-alkaline aqueous conditions during the pre-Noachian period, preserved mostly in the subsurface.”
§ Orbital evidence for more widespread carbonatebearing rocks on Mars > 7. Conclusions
What the sources say
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites Michalski and Niles, 2010 source
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“buried carbonates could have provided a source of carbon for metabolism in the deep crust isolated from atmospheric CO 2 [Kral et al., 2014].”
§ Orbital evidence for more widespread carbonatebearing rocks on Mars > 6. Discussion
What the sources say
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites Kral et al., 2014 source
Strength:hedged· not yet calibratedCausal:conditional· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✗ Load-bearing: fails✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Light-toned layered deposits on the crater floor contain clay minerals (yellow arrows), with an additional component that varies spatially and may be carbonate.”
§ Orbital evidence for more widespread carbonatebearing rocks on Mars > 7. Conclusions
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
None of the sources cited for this claim have been checked yet.
In the paper
“Alternatively, the Fe/Ca-carbonates could have formed from more dilute waters, whereas the more soluble Mg-carbonates could record locations of later brines more concentrated by evaporative or cryogenic processes [Hardie and Eugster, 1970;Tosca and McLennan, 2006].”
§ Orbital evidence for more widespread carbonatebearing rocks on Mars > 6. Discussion
What the sources say
- Not matchedcites Hardie and Eugster, 1970
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites Tosca and McLennan, 2006 source
Strength:hedged· not yet calibratedCausal:conditional· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✗ Load-bearing: fails✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. It may state two separate claims as one.
- Not matched
A claim is checked only against the cited paper’s full text, never its abstract, and none is available for its sources.
In the paper
“The lowermost sedimentary layer-labeled the lower unit, lower member in the stratigraphy of Grant et al. [2008]-has the strongest clay signatures [Milliken and Bish, 2010], consistent with ~25-45% phyllosilicates by volume [Poulet et al., 2014].”
§ Orbital evidence for more widespread carbonatebearing rocks on Mars > 4. Western Noachis Terra
What the sources say
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedCausal:correlational· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes? Load-bearing: unclear✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“Given the presence of cooccurring phyllosilicates while carbonate nonetheless dominates the ~2.3 μm region, 40% carbonate is a reasonable estimate [Bishop et al., 2013b].”
§ Orbital evidence for more widespread carbonatebearing rocks on Mars > Grotzinger et al.
What the sources say
- Not matchedcites Bishop et al., 2013b
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
- Not matched
In the paper
“The association of Fe/Ca-carbonates with complex craters-including Leighton [Michalski and Niles, 2010] and those around the Huygens basinsuggests impact-related formation and/or exposure of previously buried carbonate.”
§ Orbital evidence for more widespread carbonatebearing rocks on Mars > 6. Discussion
What the sources say
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites Michalski and Niles, 2010 source
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“Early burial could have protected these carbonates from later decomposition due to surface acidity [Bibring et al., 2006], helping to explain why few large exposures of carbonate-rich rocks have been identified.”
§ Orbital evidence for more widespread carbonatebearing rocks on Mars > 6. Discussion
What the sources say
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites Bibring et al., 2006 source
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Secondary minerals having this spatial distribution could be consistent with being the deepest preexisting material excavated here, reaching the surface only in the structurally uplifted central peak (~4.5 km estimated preimpact burial depth), but alternatively could have resulted from impact-induced hydrothermal alteration.”
§ Orbital evidence for more widespread carbonatebearing rocks on Mars > 5. Other Locations
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. It may state two separate claims as one.
None of the sources cited for this claim have been checked yet.
In the paper
“At the other extreme, if Lucaya's carbonate layer spans only the entire area of Huygens crater (but is only exposed at the locations observed), then it would represent a reservoir more comparable to that estimated for Nili Fossae by Edwards and Ehlmann [2015]; most likely a few millibars, or potentially up to double this amount if additional outcrops surrounding the Isidis basin are also included”
§ Orbital evidence for more widespread carbonatebearing rocks on Mars > Grotzinger et al.
What the sources say
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites Edwards and Ehlmann, 2015 source
- Not matchedcites Viviano-Beck, 2015
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
Strength:hedged· not yet calibratedCausal:conditional· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes? Load-bearing: unclear✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
- The authors state this as an assumption: The global versus regional nature of deep carbonates is uncertain.
None of the sources cited for this claim have been checked yet.
In the paper
“in which case they would also predate the Late Noachian Mg-carbonates near Isidis [Ehlmann et al., 2008[Ehlmann et al., , 2009;;Bishop et al., 2013a] and layered phyllosilicates across Mars [e.g., Murchie et al., 2009a;Ehlmann et al., 2011].”
§ Orbital evidence for more widespread carbonatebearing rocks on Mars > 6. Discussion
What the sources say
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites Ehlmann et al., 2008 source
- Not matchedcites Bishop et al., 2013a
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
- Not matchedcites Murchie et al., 2009a
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
Load-bearingStrength:hedged· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Still, Holden was a sink for sediments that likely sampled the materials to its west that show stronger evidence for a carbonate component.”
§ Orbital evidence for more widespread carbonatebearing rocks on Mars > 4. Western Noachis Terra
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
The paper relies on this without support.
Impact craters and troughs that expose the carbonates did not significantly alter the carbonate mineralogy or spectral signature.
“Here we report evidence for older Fe-and/or Ca-rich carbonates exposed from the subsurface by impact craters and troughs.”
“Most of these Fe/Ca-carbonate detections from orbit occur in materials exposed-by impact or tectonics-from depth.”
The authors state this as an assumption.
The global versus regional nature of deep carbonates is uncertain.
“estimates of Mars' buried carbon reservoir must for now rely upon tenuous assumptions about the global versus regional nature of deep carbonates.”
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“Moreover, it was repeatedly noticed that the association of clays such as smectites with carbonates, as it might be the case here in Jezero, makes carbonate detection even more difficult because of the overlap of their 2.31-μm band and the resulting reduction of correlation between the 2.3- and 2.5-μm band depths (J. L. Bishop etal.,2013; Horgan etal.,2020; Wray etal.,2016).”
From Carbonate Detection With SuperCam in Igneous Rocks on the Floor of Jezero Crater, Mars (2023) · cites this paper as Wray et al.,2016
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
Citations
Cites
Global Mineralogical and Aqueous Mars History Derived from OMEGA/Mars Express Data
Bibring, J.-P., Langevin, Y., Mustard, J. F., Poulet, F., Arvidson, R., Gendrin, A., Gondet, B., Mangold, N., Pinet, P., Forget, F., et al. (2006) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1122659 · Cited by 1,667
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Phyllosilicates on Mars and implications for early martian climate
The Omega Team, Poulet, F., Bibring, J. P., Mustard, J. F., Gendrin, A., Mangold, N., Langevin, Y., Arvidson, R. E., Gondet, B., & Cécile Gomez, A. (2005) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature04274 · Cited by 1,027
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Self-citation13 C-Depleted Carbon Microparticles in >3700-Ma Sea-Floor Sedimentary Rocks from West Greenland
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Self-citationDeposition, exhumation, and paleoclimate of an ancient lake deposit, Gale crater, Mars
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Warming Early Mars with Carbon Dioxide Clouds That Scatter Infrared Radiation
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Volatile, isotope, and organic analysis of Martian fines with the Mars Curiosity Rover
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Self-citationIdentification of Carbonate-Rich Outcrops on Mars by the Spirit Rover
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Baldridge, A. M., Hook, S. J., Crowley, J. K., Marion, G. M., Kargel, J. S., Michalski, J. R., Thomson, B. J., Filho, C. R. D. S., Bridges, N. T., & Brown, A. J. (2009) · Geophysical Research Letters · doi:10.1029/2009gl040069 · Cited by 62
Orbital detection and implications of akaganéite on Mars
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Self-citationEvidence for Mg-rich carbonates on Mars from a 3.9 μm absorption feature
Palomba, E., Zinzi, A., Cloutis, E. A., D’Amore, M., Grassi, D., & Maturilli, A. (2009) · Icarus · doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2009.04.013 · Cited by 59
Chemically striking regions on Mars and Stealth revisited
Karunatillake, S., Wray, J. J., SQUYRES, S. W., et al. (2009) · Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres · doi:10.1029/2008je003303 · Cited by 58
Self-citationSulfates hydrating bulk soil in the Martian low and middle latitudes
Karunatillake, S., Wray, J. J., Gasnault, O., McLennan, S. M., Rogers, A. D., Squyres, S. W., Boynton, W. V., Skok, J. R., Ojha, L., & Olsen, N. F. (2014) · Geophysical Research Letters · doi:10.1002/2014gl061136 · Cited by 56
Self-citationWet surface and dense atmosphere on early Mars suggested by the bomb sag at Home Plate, Mars
Manga, M., Patel, A., Dufek, J. D., & Kite, E. S. (2011) · Geophysical Research Letters · doi:10.1029/2011gl050192 · Cited by 55
Bishop, J. L., Perry, K. A., Darby Dyar, M., Bristow, T. F., Blake, D. F., Brown, A. J., & Peel, S. E. (2013) · Journal of Geophysical Research: Planets · doi:10.1002/jgre.20066 · Cited by 52
Self-citationHarner, P. L., & Gilmore, M. S. (2014) · Icarus · doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2014.11.037 · Cited by 52
Preserved glass-rich impactites on Mars
Cannon, K. M., & Mustard, J. F. (2015) · Geology · doi:10.1130/g36953.1 · Cited by 51
Mars' “White Rock” feature lacks evidence of an aqueous origin: Results from Mars Global Surveyor
Ruff, S. W., Christensen, P. R., Clark, R. N., Kieffer, H. H., Malin, M. C., Bandfield, J. L., Jakosky, B. M., Lane, M. D., Mellon, M. T., & Presley, M. A. (2001) · Journal of Geophysical Research: Planets · doi:10.1029/2000je001329 · Cited by 48
Bishop, J. L., Pieters, C., Hiroi, T., & Mustard, J. (1998) · Meteoritics and Planetary Science · doi:10.1111/j.1945-5100.1998.tb01676.x · Cited by 48
Self-citationCRISM Data Processing and Analysis Products Update — Calibration, Correction, and Visualization
Seelos, F. P., Murchie, S. L., Humm, D. C., Barnouin, O. S., Morgan, F., Taylor, H. W., Hash, C. D., & Crism Team (2011) · LPI · Cited by 48
Self-citationTransmission of large‐amplitude ULF waves through a quasi‐parallel shock at Venus
Shan, L., Lu, Q., Wu, M., et al. (2013) · Journal of Geophysical Research Space Physics · doi:10.1002/2013ja019396 · Cited by 46
Cannon, K. M., Sutter, B., Ming, D. W., Boynton, W. V., & Quinn, R. C. (2012) · Geophysical Research Letters · doi:10.1029/2012gl051952 · Cited by 46
Karunatillake, S., SQUYRES, S. W., Taylor, G. J., Keller, J. M., Gasnault, O., Evans, L. G., Reedy, R. C., Starr, R. D., Boynton, W. V., Janes, D. M., et al. (2006) · Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres · doi:10.1029/2006je002675 · Cited by 46
The geology and mineralogy of Ritchey crater, Mars: Evidence for post‐Noachian clay formation
Sun, V. Z., & Milliken, R. E. (2014) · Journal of Geophysical Research Planets · doi:10.1002/2013je004602 · Cited by 45
Self-citationCarbonate formation events in ALH 84001 trace the evolution of the Martian atmosphere
Shaheen, R., Niles, P., Chong, K., Corrigan, C., & Thiemens, M. (2014) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · doi:10.1073/pnas.1315615112 · Cited by 44
Kirkland, L. E., Herr, K. C., & Adams, P. M. (2003) · Journal of Geophysical Research: Planets · doi:10.1029/2003je002105 · Cited by 42
Applin, D. M., Izawa, M. R. M., Cloutis, E. A., Goltz, D., & Johnson, J. R. (2015) · Earth and Planetary Science Letters · doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2015.03.034 · Cited by 42
Deep alteration between Hellas and Isidis Basins
Bultel, B., Quantin‐Nataf, C., Andréani, M., Clénet, H., & Lozac’h, L. (2015) · Icarus · doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2015.06.037 · Cited by 42
Evidence for magma‐carbonate interaction beneath Syrtis Major, Mars
Glotch, T. D., & Rogers, A. D. (2012) · Journal of Geophysical Research Planets · doi:10.1029/2012je004230 · Cited by 40
Methane release and the carbon cycle on Mars
Chassefière, E., & Leblanc, F. (2011) · Planetary and Space Science · doi:10.1016/j.pss.2010.09.004 · Cited by 39
Alteration Assemblages in Martian Meteorites: Implications for Near-Surface Processes
Bridges, J. C., Catling, D. C., Saxton, J. M., Swindle, T. D., Lyon, I. C., & Grady, M. M. (2001) · Space sciences series of ISSI · doi:10.1007/978-94-017-1035-0_13 · Cited by 39
The carbon cycle on early Earth—and on Mars?
Grady, M. M., & Wright, I. P. (2006) · Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences · doi:10.1098/rstb.2006.1898 · Cited by 37
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Central pit craters on Ganymede
Alzate, N., & Barlow, N. G. (2011) · Icarus · doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2010.10.015 · Cited by 30
Cloutis, E. A., Grasby, S. E., Last, W. M., Léveillé, R., Osinski, G. R., & Sherriff, B. L. (2009) · Planetary and Space Science · doi:10.1016/j.pss.2009.09.002 · Cited by 30
THEMIS-Derived Thermal Inertia Mosaic of Mars: Product Description and Science Results
Christensen, P. R., Fergason, R. L., Edwards, C. S., et al. (2013) · LPI · Cited by 29
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Self-citationKral, T. A., Birch, W., Lavender, L. E., & Virden, B. T. (2014) · Planetary and Space Science · doi:10.1016/j.pss.2014.07.008 · Cited by 26
van Berk, W., Fu, Y., & Ilger, J. (2012) · Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres · doi:10.1029/2012je004173 · Cited by 25
Mars regolith versus SNC meteorites: Possible evidence for abundant crustal carbonates
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Devolatilization or melting of carbonates at Meteor Crater, AZ ?
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Self-citationvan Berk, W., & Fu, Y. (2011) · Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres · doi:10.1029/2011je003886 · Cited by 23
ALH84001, a cumulate orthopyroxenite member of the martian meteorite clan
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Selection of the Mars Science Laboratory Landing Site
Golombek, M. P., Grant, J. A., Kipp, D. M., Vasavada, A. R., Kirk, R., Fergason, R. L., Bellutta, P., Calef, F. J., Larsen, K., Katayama, Y., et al. (2012) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4614-6339-9_18 · Cited by 21
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The environment of early Mars and the missing carbonates
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Valleys in pit craters on Mars: Characteristics, distribution, and formation mechanisms
Peel, S. E., & Fassett, C. I. (2013) · Icarus · doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2013.03.031 · Cited by 18
Evidence for an explosive origin of central pit craters on Mars
Williams, N. R., Bell, J. F., III, Christensen, P. R., & Farmer, J. D. (2014) · Icarus · doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2014.12.005 · Cited by 14
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Infrared Diffuse Reflectance Spectra of Some Hydrous Carbonates
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(2011) · Lunar and Planetary Science Conference · Cited by 8
Self-citation(2013) · Lunar and Planetary Science Conference · Cited by 8
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Mineralogic Mapping of Huygens Crater, Mars: A Transect of the Highlands Crust and Hellas Basin Rim
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Flagged first, then by citations
Research works printed but not linked: 6
- Bishop J. L. S. J.King A. J.Brown andJ. J.Wray(2015) Investigating the chemistry of Martian carbonates using CRISM data Astrobiol. Sci. Conf. Abstract 7285.
- Hardie L. A., 1970, The evolution of closed‐basin brines, Mineral. Soc. Am. Spec. Pap., 3, 273
- Irwin R. P. III J. J.Wray T. A.Maxwell S. C.Mest andS. T.Hansen(2012) Wind‐eroded stratigraphy on the floor of a Noachian impact crater Noachis Terra Mars Third Int. Conf. on Early Mars Abstract 7066.
- 10.1016/j.icarus2014.11.018 · DOI
- McEwen A. S. L.Tornabene J.Grant J.Wray andJ.Mustard(2008) Noachian Megabreccia on Mars Eos Trans. AGU 89(53) Fall Meet. Suppl. Abstract P43D‐03.
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Cited by
Sorted by citations
The mineral diversity of Jezero crater: Evidence for possible lacustrine carbonates on Mars
Horgan, B. H. N., Anderson, R. B., Dromart, G., Amador, E. S., & Rice, M. S. (2020) · Icarus · doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2019.113526 · Cited by 334
“…have not yet been identified on Mars, carbonates have been detected in ancient martian terrains from orbital remote sensing (Ehlmann et al., 2008a; Wray et al., 2016), with landed assets (Morris et al., 2010), and in high latitude sediments altered under modern climate conditions (Boynton et al.,…”
BackgroundGeologic Constraints on Early Mars Climate
Kite, E. S. (2019) · Space Science Reviews · doi:10.1007/s11214-018-0575-5 · Cited by 168
“Moreover, escape-to-space measurements do not constrain sequestration of CO2 in the subsurface, as carbonate or as CO2-clathrate (Wray et al. 2016; Kurahashi-Nakamura and Tajika 2006; Longhi 2006).”
BackgroundA Field Guide to Finding Fossils on Mars
McMahon, S., Bosak, T., Grotzinger, J. P., Milliken, R. E., Summons, R. E., Daye, M., Newman, S., Fraeman, A. A., Williford, K. H., & Briggs, D. E. G. (2018) · Journal of Geophysical Research Planets · doi:10.1029/2017je005478 · Cited by 142
“Alternatively, large carbonate deposits may be concealed beneath alteration assemblages, lava flows, or soil (Clark, 1999) and have yet to be discovered; indeed, isolated carbonates formerly buried to several kilometers have been detected in craters (Michalski & Niles, 2010; Wray et al., 2016).”
BackgroundSelf-citationThe Martian subsurface as a potential window into the origin of life
Michalski, J. R., Onstott, T. C., Mojzsis, S. J., Mustard, J. F., Chan, Q. H. S., Niles, P. B., & Johnson, S. S. (2017) · Nature Geoscience · doi:10.1038/s41561-017-0015-2 · Cited by 144
Ehlmann, B. L., Anderson, F. S., Andrews‐Hanna, J. C., Catling, D. C., Christensen, P. R., Cohen, B. A., Dressing, C. D., Edwards, C. S., Elkins-Tanton, L. T., Farley, K. A., et al. (2016) · Journal of Geophysical Research Planets · doi:10.1002/2016je005134 · Cited by 140
Self-citation
Metadata
- Authors
- Wray, J. J., Murchie, S. L., Bishop, J. L., Ehlmann, B. L., Milliken, R. E., Wilhelm, M. B., Seelos, K. D., & Chojnacki, M.
- Affiliations
- Georgia Institute of Technology (US)
- Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory (US)
- Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence (US)
- California Institute of Technology (US)
- Brown University (US)
- The Johns Hopkins University/Applied Physics Laboratory Laurel Maryland USA
- University of Arizona (US)
- Corresponding author
- Wray, James J.
- ORCID
- Venue
- Journal of Geophysical Research: Planets
- Publisher
- American Geophysical Union (AGU)
- Published
- 2016-04
- Volume
- 121
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 652-677
- ISSN
- 2169-9097 (ISSN-L)
- 2169-9100
- OpenAlex
- W2337393115
- Cited by
- 161
- References
- 209
- Citations by year
- 2026: 15 · 2025: 16 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 17 · 2022: 15 · 2021: 18 · 2020: 16 · 2019: 15 · 2018: 18 · 2017: 15 · 2016: 8
- FWCI
- 8.91
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Journal of Geophysical Research Planets (publishedVersion)
- CaltechAUTHORS (California Institute of Technology) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- NASA Astrobiology Institute's SETI Institute (15BB01)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Space and Planetary Science › Planetary Science and Exploration
- Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Space and Planetary Science › Astro and Planetary Science
- Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Geochemistry and Petrology › Geochemistry and Geologic Mapping
- Keywords
- Mars, Noachian, Hellas basin, Noachis Terra, impact craters, phyllosilicates, paleoatmospheric CO2, orbital remote sensing
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