Cited by 107Genomics and Phylogenetic StudiesGenomic variations and chromosomal abnormalitiesChromosomal and Genetic Variations

A reference genome of the Chinese hamster based on a hybrid assembly strategy

Open access
Rupp, Oliver, MacDonald, Madolyn L., Li, Shangzhong, Dhiman, Heena, Polson, Shawn, Griep, Sven, Heffner, Kelley, Hernandez, Inmaculada +10 more·2018·Biotechnology and Bioengineering

Abstract

Accurate and complete genome sequences are essential in biotechnology to facilitate genome‐based cell engineering efforts. The current genome assemblies for Cricetulus griseus, the Chinese hamster, are fragmented and replete with gap sequences and misassemblies, consistent with most short‐read‐based assemblies. Here, we completely resequenced C. griseus using single molecule real time sequencing and merged this with Illumina‐based assemblies. This generated a more contiguous and complete genome assembly than either technology alone, reducing the number of scaffolds by >28‐fold, with 90% of the sequence in the 122 longest scaffolds. Most genes are now found in single scaffolds, including up‐ and downstream regulatory elements, enabling improved study of noncoding regions. With >95% of the gap sequence filled, important Chinese hamster ovary cell mutations have been detected in draft assembly gaps. This new assembly will be an invaluable resource for continued basic and pharmaceutical research.

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Crossref · 10.1002/bit.26722

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  • Advances in various omics technologies have significantly improved understanding of CHO cells at different levels and enabled rational targeting of glycosylation effectors for improved biopharmaceutical production.

    “Advances in various omics technologies have significantly improved our understanding of CHO cells at different levels and enabled the rational targeting of glycosylation effectors for improved biopharmaceutical production [27,71,72,150–152].”

    From Glycoengineering Chinese hamster ovary cells: a short history (2021) · cites this paper as [72]

    The Introduction (page not available in our copy) says genomic resources have enhanced transcriptomics and proteomics used to understand and engineer CHO-cell traits. The Results identify a glycosylation-related mutation, but the paper does not establish that omics advances enabled rational targeting of glycosylation effectors to improve biopharmaceutical production. (LLM, conf=0.86)

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  • The availability of genomic sequences has enabled CHO cell engineering with unprecedented precision using engineered nucleases including ZFNs, TALENs and CRISPR.

    “The availability of genomic sequences has enabled CHO cell engineering with unprecedented precision using engineered nucleases, including zinc finger nucleases (ZFNs) and transcription activator like nucleases (TALENs) and the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) system [71–73,75,76].”

    From Glycoengineering Chinese hamster ovary cells: a short history (2021) · cites this paper as [72]

    The Introduction says published CHO genomes have enhanced genetic engineering, and the Discussion says precise genome-editing tools depend on a well-assembled genome and discusses CRISPR-based approaches. The paper does not identify ZFNs or TALENs as examples of those tools, so it does not support the full list in the citing sentence. Page numbers were unavailable in our copy. (LLM, conf=0.84)

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  • CHO cells do not express alpha-1,3-galactosyltransferases (although they have the gene), and expression of CMP-N-acetylneuraminic acid hydroxylase is virtually absent.

    “CHO cells do not express alpha-1,3-galactosyltransferases, which produce the immunogenic alpha-galactosyl epitope (although they have the gene), and the expression of CMP-N-acetylneuraminic acid hydroxylase, which produces CMP-NeuGc, is virtually absent [27,71,72].”

    From Glycoengineering Chinese hamster ovary cells: a short history (2021) · cites this paper as [72]

    The Results section on filled sequence gaps discusses an Xylt2 mutation affecting glycosaminoglycan biosynthesis, not expression of the enzymes in the claim. Searches for alpha-1,3-galactosyltransferase, CMP-N-acetylneuraminic acid hydroxylase, and NeuGc found no passage in our copy addressing their presence or expression in CHO cells; page numbers were unavailable. (LLM, conf=0.75)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured

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Research works printed but not linked: 1

  1. Liu, B., Shi, Y., Yuan, J., Hu, X., Zhang, H., Li, N., … and Fan, W. (2013). Estimation of genomic characteristics by analyzing k‐mer frequency in de novo genome projects. arXiv:1308.2012 [q‐bio]. · arXiv

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Authors
Rupp, O., MacDonald, M. L., Li, S., Dhiman, H., Polson, S., Griep, S., Heffner, K., Hernandez, I., Brinkrolf, K., Jadhav, V., Samoudi, M., Hao, H., Kingham, B., Goesmann, A., Betenbaugh, M. J., Lewis, N. E., Borth, N., & Lee, K. H.
Affiliations
  • Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen (DE)
  • Delaware Biotechnology Institute (US)
  • University of California San Diego (US)
  • Austrian Centre of Industrial Biotechnology (Austria) (AT)
  • Johns Hopkins University (US)
  • BOKU University (AT)
  • Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology (DE)
Corresponding author
  • Betenbaugh, Michael J.
  • Lewis, Nathan E.
  • Borth, Nicole
  • Lee, Kelvin H.
Venue
Biotechnology and Bioengineering
Publisher
Wiley
Published
2018-05-29
Volume
115
Issue
8
Pages
2087-2100
ISSN
  • 0006-3592 (ISSN-L)
  • 1097-0290
OpenAlex
W2800755544
Cited by
107
References
63
Citations by year
2026: 7 · 2025: 10 · 2024: 9 · 2023: 13 · 2022: 11 · 2021: 24 · 2020: 18 · 2019: 9 · 2018: 6
FWCI
5.07
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Biotechnology and Bioengineering (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • eScholarship (California Digital Library) (submittedVersion)
  • Publikationsdatenbank der Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft (Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
  • Fraunhofer-Publica (Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft) (submittedVersion)
Funders
  • National Institute of General Medical Sciences (P20 GM103446, R35 GM119850)
  • National Science Foundation (NSF1144726, NSF1412365, NSF1539359, NSF1736123)
  • Danmarks Tekniske Universitet (NNF10CC1016517, NNF16CC0021858)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Genomics and Phylogenetic Studies
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Genomic variations and chromosomal abnormalities
  • Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Plant Science › Chromosomal and Genetic Variations
Keywords
Chinese hamster, reference genome, genome assembly, hybrid assembly, single-molecule real-time sequencing, genome resequencing, non-coding regions, regulatory elements
MeSH terms
Whole Genome Sequencing, Animals, Cricetulus, Genome, Sequence Analysis, DNA, Computational Biology, High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing

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