Kupffer cells in the liver
Open accessAbstract
Kupffer cells are a critical component of the mononuclear phagocytic system and are central to both the hepatic and systemic response to pathogens. Kupffer cells are reemerging as critical mediators of both liver injury and repair. Kupffer cells exhibit a tremendous plasticity; depending on the local metabolic and immune environment, then can express a range of polarized phenotypes, from the proinflammatory M1 phenotype to the alternative/M2 phenotype. Multiple M2 phenotypes can be distinguished, each involved in the resolution of inflammation and wound healing. Here, we have provided an update on recent research that has contributed to the developing delineation of the contribution of Kupffer cells to different types of liver injury, with an emphasis on alcoholic and nonalcoholic liver diseases. These recent advances in our understanding of Kupffer cell function and regulation will likely provide new insights into the potential for therapeutic manipulation of Kupffer cells to promote the resolution of inflammation and enhance wound healing in liver disease. © 2013 American Physiological Society.Compr Physiol 3:785‐797, 2013.
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Both PAMPs and LPS activate Kupffer cells, which subsequently synthesize IL-6 and TNF-alpha.
“Both PAMPs and LPS activate Kupffer cells, which subsequently synthesize two key cytokines—IL-6[45] and tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α)[46].”
From Liver regeneration after partial hepatectomy: Triggers and mechanisms (2025) · cites this paper as [46]
Kupffer cells are sensitive to inflammatory signals and to metabolic challenges such as dyslipidemia, which affects Kupffer cell activation in models of liver steatosis and steatohepatitis.
“Kupffer cells are not only sensitive to inflammatory signals but also to metabolic challenges such as dyslipidemia, which affects Kupffer cell activation in models of liver steatosis and steatohepatitis [300,301].”
From Gut-pancreas-liver Axis as a target for treatment of NAFLD/NASH (2020) · cites this paper as [300]
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- Authors
- Dixon, L. J., Barnes, M., Tang, H., Pritchard, M. T., & Nagy, L. E.
- Affiliations
- Case Western Reserve University (US)
- Cleveland Clinic (US)
- Venue
- Comprehensive Physiology
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2013-04
- Volume
- 3
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 785-797
- ISSN
- 2040-4603 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC4748178
- OpenAlex
- W1490817952
- Cited by
- 628
- References
- 158
- Citations by year
- 2026: 10 · 2025: 43 · 2024: 84 · 2023: 90 · 2022: 69 · 2021: 82 · 2020: 61 · 2019: 51 · 2018: 47 · 2017: 37 · 2016: 26 · 2015: 19 · 2014: 5 · 2013: 4
- Type
- other
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Comprehensive physiology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (R01AA011975, P20AA017837, R37AA011876, R01AA016399)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Hepatology › Liver physiology and pathology
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pathology and Forensic Medicine › Alcohol Consumption and Health Effects
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Immune cells in cancer
- Keywords
- Kupffer cells, reticuloendothelial system, liver injury, liver repair, macrophage polarization, macrophage plasticity, alcoholic liver disease, non-alcoholic liver disease, inflammation resolution, wound healing
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Humans, Inflammation, Kupffer Cells, Liver, Liver Diseases, Hepatocytes, Cell Proliferation
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