Transmission in near‐infrared optical windows for deep brain imaging
Open accessAbstract
Near‐infrared (NIR) radiation has been employed using one‐ and two‐photon excitation of fluorescence imaging at wavelengths 650–950 nm (optical window I) for deep brain imaging; however, longer wavelengths in NIR have been overlooked due to a lack of suitable NIR‐low band gap semiconductor imaging detectors and/or femtosecond laser sources. This research introduces three new optical windows in NIR and demonstrates their potential for deep brain tissue imaging. The transmittances are measured in rat brain tissue in the second (II, 1,100–1,350 nm), third (III, 1,600–1,870 nm), and fourth (IV, centered at 2,200 nm) NIR optical tissue windows. The relationship between transmission and tissue thickness is measured and compared with the theory. Due to a reduction in scattering and minimal absorption, window III is shown to be the best for deep brain imaging, and windows II and IV show similar but better potential for deep imaging than window I. magnified image
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For rat brain tissue imaging, optical window III was shown to provide greatest imaging depth due to reduced scattering and absorption in this wavelength range.
“The relationship between transmission and tissue thickness for rat brain tissue imaging was determined and optical window III was shown to provide greatest imaging depth due to reduced scattering and absorption in this wavelength range [30].”
From Relevance and utility of the in-vivo and ex-vivo optical properties of the skin reported in the literature: a review [Invited] (2023) · cites this paper as [30]
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- Authors
- Shi, L., Sordillo, L. A., Rodríguez‐Contreras, A., & Alfano, R.
- Affiliations
- City College of New York (US)
- Corresponding author
- Shi, Lingyan
- Venue
- Journal of Biophotonics
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2015-11-10
- Volume
- 9
- Issue
- 1-2
- Pages
- 38-43
- ISSN
- 1864-063X (ISSN-L)
- 1864-0648
- PMC
- PMC4827444
- OpenAlex
- W2155724387
- Cited by
- 346
- References
- 20
- Citations by year
- 2026: 25 · 2025: 26 · 2024: 24 · 2023: 44 · 2022: 39 · 2021: 18 · 2020: 42 · 2019: 43 · 2018: 37 · 2017: 27 · 2016: 21
- FWCI
- 22.94
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Journal of Biophotonics (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- eScholarship (California Digital Library) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- ARO (RRA) and NIH (5SC1HD068129 (ARC))
- National Center for Research Resources (2G12RR003060-26A1)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging › Optical Imaging and Spectroscopy Techniques
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Biophysics › Spectroscopy Techniques in Biomedical and Chemical Research
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Biophysics › Advanced Fluorescence Microscopy Techniques
- Keywords
- deep brain imaging, brain tissue optical properties, light scattering, optical absorption, two-photon excitation, femtosecond laser source, rat brain
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Brain, Infrared Rays, Scattering, Radiation, Rats, Optical Phenomena, Optical Imaging
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