Aggregation-Induced Emission Luminogen with Near-Infrared-II Excitation and Near-Infrared-I Emission for Ultradeep Intravital Two-Photon Microscopy
Abstract
Currently, a serious problem obstructing the large-scale clinical applications of fluorescence technique is the shallow penetration depth. Two-photon fluorescence microscopic imaging with excitation in the longer-wavelength near-infrared (NIR) region (>1100 nm) and emission in the NIR-I region (650–950 nm) is a good choice to realize deep-tissue and high-resolution imaging. Here, we report ultradeep two-photon fluorescence bioimaging with 1300 nm NIR-II excitation and NIR-I emission (peak ∼810 nm) based on a NIR aggregation-induced emission luminogen (AIEgen). The crab-shaped AIEgen possesses a planar core structure and several twisting phenyl/naphthyl rotators, affording both high fluorescence quantum yield and efficient two-photon activity. The organic AIE dots show high stability, good biocompatibility, and a large two-photon absorption cross section of 1.22 × 10 3 GM. Under 1300 nm NIR-II excitation, in vivo two-photon fluorescence microscopic imaging helps to reconstruct the 3D vasculature with a high spatial resolution of sub-3.5 μm beyond the white matter (>840 μm) and even to the hippocampus (>960 μm) and visualize small vessels of ∼5 μm as deep as 1065 μm in mouse brain, which is among the largest penetration depths and best spatial resolution of in vivo two-photon imaging. Rational comparison with the AIE dots manifests that two-photon imaging outperforms the one-photon mode for high-resolution deep imaging. This work will inspire more sight and insight into the development of efficient NIR fluorophores for deep-tissue biomedical imaging.
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Imaging with excitation in SWIR and detection in NIR was demonstrated with 35 nm size AIEdots composed of crab-shaped D-A-type dye molecules TQ-BPN possessing a planar thiadiazolo[3,4-g]quinoxaline-based core and several twisting phenyl/naphthyl rings to afford both a high fluorescence quantum yield and efficient two-photon activity.
“Imaging with excitation in SWIR and detection in NIR was demonstrated with 35 nm size AIEdots composed of crab-shaped D–A-type dye molecules TQ-BPN possessing a planar thiadiazolo [3,4-g]quinoxaline-based core and several twisting phenyl/naphthyl rings to afford both a high fluorescence quantum yield and efficient two-photon activity.200”
From The Pursuit of Shortwave Infrared-Emitting Nanoparticles with Bright Fluorescence through Molecular Design and Excited-State Engineering of Molecular Aggregates (2022) · cites this paper as [200]
In vivo two-photon fluorescence microscopy imaging of mouse brain using 1300 nm excitation through a conical window recorded 3D vascular information with sub-3.5 μm spatial resolution at white matter (>840 μm) and hippocampus (>960 μm) regions and detected small blood vessels of ∼5 μm as deep as 1065 μm.
“The in vivo two-photon fluorescence microscopy imaging of mouse brain using 1300 nm excitation through conical window allowed one to record 3D vascular information with superb spatial resolution (sub-3.5 μm) at white matter (>840 μm) and hippocampus (>960 μm) regions and detect small blood vessels of ∼5 μm as deep as 1065 μm in mouse brain.”
From The Pursuit of Shortwave Infrared-Emitting Nanoparticles with Bright Fluorescence through Molecular Design and Excited-State Engineering of Molecular Aggregates (2022) · cites this paper as [200]
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- Authors
- Qi, J., Sun, C., Li, D., Zhang, H., Yu, W., Zebibula, A., Lam, J. W. Y., Xi, W., Zhu, L., Cai, F., Wei, P., Zhu, C., Kwok, R. T. K., Streich, L. L., Prevedel, R., Qian, J., & Tang, B. Z.
- Affiliations
- Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (HK)
- State Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Instruments (CN)
- Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital (CN)
- Interdisciplinary Institute of Neuroscience and Technology (ZIINT), Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310020, China
- Zhejiang University (CN)
- Hainan University (CN)
- Heidelberg University (DE)
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory (DE)
- Corresponding author
- Qian, Jun
- Tang, Ben Zhong
- ORCID
- Venue
- ACS Nano
- Publisher
- American Chemical Society (ACS)
- Published
- 2018-07-30
- Volume
- 12
- Issue
- 8
- Pages
- 7936-7945
- ISSN
- 1936-0851 (ISSN-L)
- 1936-086X
- OpenAlex
- W2882997234
- Cited by
- 226
- References
- 60
- Citations by year
- 2026: 10 · 2025: 11 · 2024: 18 · 2023: 24 · 2022: 37 · 2021: 45 · 2020: 35 · 2019: 41 · 2018: 5
- FWCI
- 11.75
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- ACS Nano (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Research Grants Council, University Grants Committee (A-HKUST605/16, N-HKUST604/14, 16308016, 16305015)
- Ministry of Science and Technology of the People's Republic of China (2013CB834704)
- Innovation and Technology Commission (ITC-CNERC14SC01, ITCPD117-9)
- National Natural Science Foundation of China (61735016, 21788102)
- Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province (LR17F050001)
- Shenzhen Municipality (JCY20170818113602462, JCYJ20160229205601482)
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Materials Chemistry › Luminescence and Fluorescent Materials
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › Nonlinear Optical Materials Studies
- Physical Sciences › Chemistry › Spectroscopy › Molecular Sensors and Ion Detection
- Keywords
- aggregation-induced emission, two-photon fluorescence microscopy, deep tissue imaging, neuroimaging, hippocampus, small vessels, two-photon absorption cross section
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Female, Fluorescent Dyes, HeLa Cells, Humans, Mice, Inbred BALB C, Microscopy, Fluorescence, Monte Carlo Method, Photons, Spectroscopy, Near-Infrared, Mice, Molecular Dynamics Simulation, Optical Imaging
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