Dissociative experiences and posttraumatic stress disorder among female victims of criminal assault and rape
Abstract
Abstract This study examines the relationship between posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and dissociative experiences in a sample of 158 recent female assault victims (74 rape, 84 nonsexual assault) and 46 comparison subjects who had not been assaulted within the last year. Results indicated that victims had elevated scores on the Dissociative Experiences Scale (DES) as compared to the comparison subjects, but that this elevation was not as high as for other traumatized samples. The level of dissociation reported by assault victims declined significantly over the three month course of the study. DES scores were related to PTSD diagnosis and symptom severity, but only among nonsexual assault victims. In rape victims, there was no correlation between dissociation and PTSD. Recent victims with a history of childhood sexual abuse were significantly more dissociative than those who did not report such a history. These results are discussed with regard to vulnerability factors for developing PTSD subsequent to a criminal assault.
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The non-significant relationship found between resilience, social support and PTSD in the multivariate analyses may be explained by the aggressive act of rape overriding risk and protective factors.
“This may explain the non-significant relationship found between resilience, social support and PTSD in the multivariate analyses in this study.”
From Risk and protective factors affecting the symptom trajectory of posttraumatic stress disorder post-rape (2022) · cites this paper as Dancu et al., 1996
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- Authors
- Dancu, C. V., Riggs, D. S., Hearst‐Ikeda, D., Shoyer, B. G., & Foa, E. B.
- Affiliations
- University of Missouri (US)
- ORCID
- Foa, Edna B.
- Venue
- Journal of Traumatic Stress
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 1996-01
- Volume
- 9
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 253-267
- ISSN
- 0894-9867 (ISSN-L)
- 1573-6598
- OpenAlex
- W2033008583
- Cited by
- 160
- References
- 41
- Citations by year
- 2025: 1 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 1 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 2 · 2014: 4 · 2013: 6 · 2012: 6
- FWCI
- 13.93
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Traumatic Stress (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of Mental Health (MH522722-01)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Psychosomatic Disorders and Their Treatments
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child Abuse and Trauma
- Keywords
- dissociation, post-traumatic stress disorder, rape, sexual assault, Dissociative Experiences Scale, child sexual abuse, PTSD symptom severity, vulnerability factors, assault
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Child, Child Abuse, Sexual, Crime, Dissociative Disorders, Female, Humans, Prospective Studies, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Rape, Severity of Illness Index, Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic, Time Factors, Violence, Case-Control Studies
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