Effect of weight loss and exercise on angiogenic factors in the circulation and in adipose tissue in obese subjects
Abstract
Background: Vascular growth is a prerequisite for adipose tissue (AT) development and expansion. Some AT cytokines and hormones have effects on vascular development, like vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF‐A), angiopoietin (ANG‐1), ANG‐2 and angiopoietin‐like protein‐4 (ANGPTL‐4). Methods: In this study, the independent and combined effects of diet‐induced weight loss and exercise on AT gene expression and proteins levels of those angiogenic factors were investigated. Seventy‐nine obese males and females were randomized to: 1. Exercise‐only (EXO; 12‐weeks exercise without diet‐restriction), 2. Hypocaloric diet (DIO; 8‐weeks very low energy diet (VLED) + 4‐weeks weight maintenance diet) and 3. Hypocaloric diet and exercise (DEX; 8‐weeks VLED + 4‐weeks weight maintenance diet combined with exercise throughout the 12 weeks). Blood samples and fat biopsies were taken before and after the intervention. Results: Weight loss was 3.5 kg in the EXO group and 12.3 kg in the DIO and DEX groups. VEGF‐A protein was non‐significantly reduced in the weight loss groups. ANG‐1 protein levels were significantly reduced 22‐25% after all three interventions (P < 0.01). The ANG‐1/ANG‐2 ratio was also decreased in all three groups (P < 0.05) by 27‐38%. ANGPTL‐4 was increased in the EXO group (15%, P < 0.05) and 9% (P < 0.05) in the DIO group. VEGF‐A, ANG‐1, and ANGPTL‐4 were all expressed in human AT, but only ANGPTL‐4 was influenced by the interventions. Conclusions: Our data show that serum VEGF‐A, ANG‐1, ANG‐2, and ANGPTL‐4 levels are influenced by weight changes, indicating the involvement of these factors in the obese state. Moreover, it was found that weight loss generally was associated with a reduced angiogenic activity in the circulation.
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In humans and animal models, acute exercise generally increases angiopoietin 1, fractalkine, FGF21, IL-6, IL-8, musclin, myonectin and VEGF.
“Studies in humans15,45,68–74 and animal models15,43,49,75,76 have shown that the exerkines angiopoietin 1 (REFS49,68,69), fractalkine70,71, fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21)72,73, IL-6 (REF.15), IL-8 (REFS50,74), musclin43, myonectin75 and VEGF27,45,76 are generally increased with acute exercise”
From Exerkines in health, resilience and disease (2022) · cites this paper as [68]
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- Authors
- Cullberg, K., Christiansen, T., Paulsen, S., Bruun, J., Pedersen, S., & Richelsen, B.
- Affiliations
- Aarhus University Hospital (DK)
- ORCID
- Richelsen, B
- Venue
- Obesity
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2013-03
- Volume
- 21
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 454-460
- ISSN
- 1930-7381 (ISSN-L)
- 1930-739X
- OpenAlex
- W2008860066
- Cited by
- 58
- References
- 29
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 9 · 2017: 1 · 2016: 6 · 2015: 5 · 2014: 2
- FWCI
- 3.16
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Obesity (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- The study was supported by the Danish Research Council
- The Danish Council for Strategic Research (DanORC consortium)
- The Danish Diabetic Association
- Aarhus University
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Adipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic Diseases
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Adipose Tissue and Metabolism
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Angiogenesis and VEGF in Cancer
- Keywords
- weight loss, physical activity, angiogenic factors, adipose tissue, vascular endothelial growth factor, angiopoietin-1, angiopoietin-2, ANGPTL4, very low calorie diet, adipose tissue gene expression, angiogenesis
- MeSH terms
- Angiopoietin-Like Protein 4, Adipose Tissue, Adolescent, Adult, Anthropometry, Energy Intake, Diet, Reducing, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Obesity, Weight Loss, Exercise, Linear Models, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A, Angiopoietins, Angiopoietin-1, Angiopoietin-2, Angiogenesis Inducing Agents, Young Adult
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
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