Effects of dietary fat profile on gut permeability and microbiota and their relationships with metabolic changes in mice: Effect of Dietary Fat on Gut Health
Open accessAbstract
OBJECTIVE: To distinguish the effects of dietary fat profile on gut parameters and their relationships with metabolic changes and to determine the capacity of n-3 fatty acids to modify gut variables in the context of diet-induced metabolic dysfunctions. METHODS: Mice received control or high-fat diets emphasizing saturated (HFD-sat), n-6 (HFD-n6), or n-3 (HFD-n3) fatty acids for 8 weeks. In another cohort, mice that were maintained on HFD-sat received n-3-rich fish oil or resolvin D1 supplementation. RESULTS: HFD-sat and HFD-n6 induced similar weight gain, but only HFD-sat increased index of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), colonic permeability, and mesenteric fat inflammation. Hydrogen sulfide-producing bacteria were one of the major groups driving the diet-specific changes in gut microbiome, with the overall microbial profile being associated with changes in body weight, HOMA-IR, and gut permeability. In mice maintained on HFD-sat, fish oil and resolvin D1 restored barrier function and reduced inflammation in the colon but were unable to normalize HOMA-IR. CONCLUSIONS: Different dietary fat profiles led to distinct intestinal and metabolic outcomes that are independent of obesity. Interventions targeting inflammation successfully restored gut health but did not reverse systemic aspects of diet-induced metabolic dysfunction, implicating separation between gut dysfunctions and disease-initiating and/or -maintaining processes.
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Diets with saturated fat or n-6 PUFA induced weight gain, but only saturated fat increased insulin resistance, colonic permeability, and mesenteric fat inflammation.
“A comparison of mice on a variety of diets (low-fat diet and diets containing high levels of saturated fat, n-6 PUFA or n-3 PUFA) showed that diets with saturated fat or n-6 PUFA induced weight gain, but only saturated fat increased insulin resistance, colonic permeability, and mesenteric fat inflammation [12].”
From Dietary lipids, gut microbiota and lipid metabolism (2019) · cites this paper as [12]
The gut microbiota differs between mice fed diets that are high or low in fat and between diets that contain equal amounts of fat but from different sources.
“The gut microbiota has been shown to differ between mice fed diets that are high or low in fat and between diets that contain equal amounts of fat but from different sources [10–13] (Fig. 1).”
From Dietary lipids, gut microbiota and lipid metabolism (2019) · cites this paper as [12]
Long-chain fatty acids alter the abundance of Blautia, Clostridium, Coprococcus, Dialister, Lactococcus, Roseburia, or Bacteroides in animal models.
“Long-chain fatty acids (13-18 carbons), on the other hand, alter the abundance of Blautia, Clostridium, Coprococcus, Dialister, Lactococcus, Roseburia, or Bacteroides (119, 127-129) in animal models.”
From Diet and the Microbiota–Gut–Brain Axis: Sowing the Seeds of Good Mental Health (2021) · cites this paper as [128]
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- Authors
- Lam, Y. Y., Ha, C. W. Y., Hoffmann, J. M. A., Oscarsson, J., Dinudom, A., Mather, T. J., Cook, D. I., Hunt, N. H., Caterson, I. D., Holmes, A. J., & Storlien, L. H.
- Affiliations
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center (US)
- The University of Sydney (AU)
- AstraZeneca (Sweden) (SE)
- Corresponding author
- Lam, Yan Y.
- Venue
- Obesity
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2015-06-05
- Volume
- 23
- Issue
- 7
- Pages
- 1429-1439
- ISSN
- 1930-7381 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W1790842628
- Cited by
- 223
- References
- 41
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 20 · 2024: 20 · 2023: 32 · 2022: 21 · 2021: 30 · 2020: 24 · 2019: 26 · 2018: 18 · 2017: 11 · 2016: 11 · 2015: 5
- FWCI
- 6.51
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Obesity (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Health and Medical Research Council of Australia (#633240)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Gut microbiota and health
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Fatty Acid Research and Health
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diet, Metabolism, and Disease
- Keywords
- intestinal permeability, gut microbiota, omega-3 fatty acids, fish oil, resolvin D1, high-fat diet, saturated fatty acids, omega-6 fatty acids, insulin resistance, colonic inflammation, hydrogen sulfide-producing bacteria, intestinal barrier function, metabolic dysfunction
- MeSH terms
- Gastrointestinal Microbiome, Animals, Dietary Fats, Fatty Acids, Inflammation, Intestines, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Obesity, Permeability, Weight Gain, Mice, Diet, High-Fat
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