Cited by 47Gut microbiota and healthDiet, Metabolism, and DiseaseProbiotics and Fermented Foods

Differential effects of coconut versus soy oil on gut microbiota composition and predicted metabolic function in adult mice

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Patrone, Vania, Minuti, Andrea, Lizier, Michela, Miragoli, Francesco, Lucchini, Franco, Trevisi, Erminio, Rossi, Filippo, Callegari, Maria Luisa·2018·BMC Genomics

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Animal studies show that high fat (HF) diet-induced gut microbiota contributes to the development of obesity. Oil composition of high-fat diet affects metabolic inflammation differently with deleterious effects by saturated fat. The aim of the present study was to examine the diversity and metabolic capacity of the cecal bacterial community in C57BL/6 N mice administered two different diets, enriched respectively with coconut oil (HFC, high in saturated fat) or soy oil (HFS, high in polyunsaturated fat). The relative impact of each hypercaloric diet was evaluated after 2 and 8 weeks of feeding, and compared with that of a low-fat, control diet (LF). RESULTS: The HFC diet induced the same body weight gain and fat storage as the HFS diet, but produced higher plasma cholesterol levels after 8 weeks of treatment. At the same time point, the cecal microbiota of HFC diet-fed mice was characterized by an increased relative abundance of Allobaculum, Anaerofustis, F16, Lactobacillus reuteri and Deltaproteobacteria, and a decreased relative abundance of Akkermansia muciniphila compared to HFS mice. Comparison of cecal microbiota of high-fat fed mice versus control mice indicated major changes that were shared between the HFC and the HFS diet, including the increase in Lactobacillus plantarum, Lutispora, and Syntrophomonas, while some other shifts were specifically associated to either coconut or soy oil. Prediction of bacterial gene functions showed that the cecal microbiota of HFC mice was depleted of pathways involved in fatty acid metabolism, amino acid metabolism, xenobiotic degradation and metabolism of terpenoids and polyketides compared to mice on HFS diet. Correlation analysis revealed remarkable relationships between compositional changes in the cecal microbiota and alterations in the metabolic and transcriptomic phenotypes of high-fat fed mice. CONCLUSIONS: The study highlights significant differences in cecal microbiota composition and predictive functions of mice consuming a diet enriched in coconut vs soy oil. The correlations established between specific bacterial taxa and various traits linked to host lipid metabolism and energy storage give insights into the role and functioning of the gut microbiota that may contribute to diet-induced metabolic disorders.

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  • Medium-chain fatty acids increase the abundance of Bifidobacterium, Bacteroides, and Prevotella and decrease the abundance of Clostridium histolyticum or Helicobacter in animal studies.

    “Results from animal studies show that medium-chain fatty acids (7-12 carbons) increase the abundance of Bifidobacterium, Bacteroides, and Prevotella and decrease the abundance of Clostridium histolyticum or Helicobacter (119, 124-126).”

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Authors
Patrone, V., Minuti, A., Lizier, M., Miragoli, F., Lucchini, F., Trevisi, E., Rossi, F., & Callegari, M. L.
Affiliations
  • Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore (IT)
  • Institute of Genetic and Biomedical Research (IT)
Corresponding author
Patrone, Vania
Venue
BMC Genomics
Published
2018-11-07
Volume
19
Issue
1
Pages
808-808
ISSN
1471-2164 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W2900428732
Cited by
47
References
75
Citations by year
2025: 3 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 9 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 11 · 2020: 11 · 2019: 4
FWCI
2.31
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • BMC Genomics (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, other-oa)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
  • PubliCatt (Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
Funders
Fondazione Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Gut microbiota and health
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diet, Metabolism, and Disease
  • Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Food Science › Probiotics and Fermented Foods
Keywords
coconut oil, soybean oil, gut microbiota, high-fat diet, saturated fat, polyunsaturated fat, cecal microbiota, Akkermansia muciniphila, Lactobacillus reuteri, Lactobacillus plantarum, serum cholesterol, obesity, lipid metabolism, energy storage, metabolic inflammation, Deltaproteobacteria
MeSH terms
Gastrointestinal Microbiome, Animals, Cecum, Cocos, Female, Inflammation, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Soybean Oil, Lipid Metabolism, Mice, Diet, High-Fat, Microbiota

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