Cited by 57Marine Invertebrate Physiology and EcologyDevelopmental Biology and Gene RegulationGenomics and Chromatin Dynamics

The Homeobox Gene Otx of the Jellyfish Podocoryne carnea: Role of a Head Gene in Striated Muscle and Evolution

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Müller, Peter, Yanze, Nathalie, Schmid, Volker, Spring, Jürg·1999·Developmental Biology

Abstract

In many bilaterian animals members of the Otx gene family are expressed in head or brain structures. Cnidarians, however, have no clearly homologous head and no distinct brain; but an Otx homolog from the jellyfish Podocoryne carnea is highly conserved in sequence and domain structure. Sequence similarities extend well beyond the homeodomain and Podocoryne Otx can be aligned over its entire length to human OTX1, OTX2, and CRX. The overall structure of Otx is better conserved from Podocoryne to deuterostomes while protostomes appear to be more derived. In contrast, functions seem to be conserved from protostomes to vertebrates but not in Podocoryne or echinoderms. Podocoryne Otx is expressed only during medusa bud formation and becomes restricted to the striated muscle of medusae. Cnidaria are the most basal animals with striated muscle. Podocoryne polyps have no striated muscle and no Otx expression; both appear only during the asexual medusa budding process. The common ancestor of all animals that gave rise to cnidarians, protostomes, and deuterostomes already had an Otx gene more similar to today's Podocoryne and human homologs than to Drosophila otd, while the head-specific function appears to have evolved only later.

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Crossref · 10.1006/dbio.1999.9522

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Authors
Müller, P., Yanze, N., Schmid, V., & Spring, J.
Affiliations
University of Basel (CH)
Corresponding author
Spring, Jürg
Venue
Developmental Biology
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
1999-12
Volume
216
Issue
2
Pages
582-594
ISSN
0012-1606 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W1992943436
Cited by
57
References
75
Citations by year
2026: 1 · 2025: 1 · 2023: 3 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 2 · 2016: 1 · 2015: 1 · 2014: 1 · 2013: 1 · 2012: 1
FWCI
4.23
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Developmental Biology (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
  • National Science Foundation
  • Stiftung für die Erforschung der Muskelkrankheiten
  • Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur Förderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung
Topics
  • Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Paleontology › Marine Invertebrate Physiology and Ecology
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Developmental Biology and Gene Regulation
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Genomics and Chromatin Dynamics
Keywords
Podocoryne carnea, jellyfish, cnidarian evolution, striated muscle, Otx1, Otx2, CRX, protostomes, deuterostomes
MeSH terms
Amino Acid Sequence, Animals, Base Sequence, Cloning, Molecular, Molecular Sequence Data, Phylogeny, RNA, Messenger, Sequence Alignment, Conserved Sequence, In Situ Hybridization, Homeodomain Proteins, Muscle, Skeletal, Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental, Evolution, Molecular, Scyphozoa, Otx Transcription Factors

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