Cited by 1,042Memory and Neural MechanismsMotor Control and AdaptationNeural and Behavioral Psychology Studies

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The Basal Ganglia and Chunking of Action Repertoires

Graybiel, Ann M.·1998·Neurobiology of Learning and Memory

DOI 10.1006/nlme.1998.3843

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Abstract

The basal ganglia have been shown to contribute to habit and stimulus-response (S-R) learning. These forms of learning have the property of slow acquisition and, in humans, can occur without conscious awareness. This paper proposes that one aspect of basal ganglia-based learning is the recoding of cortically derived information within the striatum. Modular corticostriatal projection patterns, demonstrated experimentally, are viewed as producing recoded templates suitable for the gradual selection of new input-output relations in cortico-basal ganglia loops. Recordings from striatal projection neurons and interneurons show that activity patterns in the striatum are modified gradually during the course of S-R learning. It is proposed that this recoding within the striatum can chunk the representations of motor and cognitive action sequences so that they can be implemented as performance units. This scheme generalizes Miller's notion of information chunking to action control. The formation and the efficient implementation of action chunks are viewed as being based on predictive signals. It is suggested that information chunking provides a mechanism for the acquisition and the expression of action repertoires that, without such information compression would be biologically unwieldy or difficult to implement. The learning and memory functions of the basal ganglia are thus seen as core features of the basal ganglia's influence on motor and cognitive pattern generators.

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“(Taylor & McCloskey 1990:445) Recently, Ann Graybiel (1998) has suggested that many motor actions may be grouped – or chunked – together to form structures similar to the Miller’s (1957) compression of discrete bits of information in memory) recodes mental representations of action sequences by reducing the number of…”
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Authors: Graybiel, A. M.
Affiliations: Massachusetts Institute of Technology (US)
Corresponding author: Graybiel, Ann M.
ORCID: Graybiel, Ann M.
Venue: Neurobiology of Learning and Memory
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 1998-07
Volume: 70
Issue: 1-2
Pages: 119-136
ISSN: 1074-7427 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1006/nlme.1998.3843
OpenAlex: W2148201341
Cited by: 1,042
References: 103
Citations by year: 2026: 25 · 2025: 32 · 2024: 31 · 2023: 48 · 2022: 26 · 2021: 47 · 2020: 36 · 2019: 25 · 2018: 37 · 2017: 39 · 2016: 42 · 2015: 43 · 2014: 41 · 2013: 37 · 2012: 84
FWCI: 8.82
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
www.elsevier.com/legal/tdmrep-license (tdm)
Locations: Neurobiology of Learning and Memory (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders: National Institutes of Health (R03 MH57878, R01 NS25529)
Topics: Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory and Neural Mechanisms
Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Motor Control and Adaptation
Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
Keywords: basal ganglia, striatum, repertoires of action, habit learning, stimulus-response learning, corticostriatal projections, striatal projection neurons, striatal interneurons, predictive signals
MeSH terms: Animals, Basal Ganglia, Brain Mapping, Corpus Striatum, Habits, Humans, Learning, Memory, Models, Neurological, Nerve Net, Synaptic Transmission, Neuronal Plasticity, Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder, Parkinson Disease, Neocortex, In Vitro Techniques

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The Basal Ganglia and Chunking of Action Repertoires

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