Morphology of Microglia Across Contexts of Health and Disease
Abstract
Microglia, the brain's resident macrophages, are incredibly plastic and dynamic cells. In this chapter, we aim to describe and classify the many morphological changes they can display in normal development, aging, and disease. Although microglia in healthy adult brain tissue are often ramified with small somas, they can undergo massive and rapid morphological shifts in response to stimuli, becoming amoeboid or hypertrophic. Older animals occasionally contain dystrophic, senescent, and gitter cell-like microglia, and brain injury can be accompanied by an increase in rod cells. By a careful study of microglial morphology, coupled with ultrastructural insights gleaned using electron microscopy, insights can be provided into the functions performed by these various morphological phenotypes.
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Microglia activation is observed in various neurodegenerative diseases.
“Microglia activation is observed in various neurodegenerative diseases.”
From Microglia in neurodegenerative diseases: mechanism and potential therapeutic targets (2023) · cites this paper as [11]
Reactive microglia are clustered near Aβ plaques in various brain regions of AD mice and human postmortems.
“These reactive microglia were found to be clustered near Aβ plaques in various brain regions of AD mice and human postmortems.”
From Microglia in neurodegenerative diseases: mechanism and potential therapeutic targets (2023) · cites this paper as [11]
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- Authors
- Savage, J. C., Carrier, M., & Tremblay, M.-È.
- Affiliations
- Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval (CA)
- Université Laval (CA)
- Corresponding author
- Tremblay, Marie-Ève
- Venue
- Methods in Molecular Biology
- Publisher
- Springer New York
- Published
- 2019
- Volume
- 2034
- Pages
- 13-26
- ISSN
- 1064-3745 (ISSN-L)
- 1940-6029
- OpenAlex
- W2965200254
- Cited by
- 232
- References
- 79
- Citations by year
- 2026: 21 · 2025: 49 · 2024: 47 · 2023: 41 · 2022: 33 · 2021: 31 · 2020: 8 · 2019: 2
- FWCI
- 23.36
- Type
- book chapter
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Methods in molecular biology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Developmental Neuroscience › Neurogenesis and neuroplasticity mechanisms
- Keywords
- microglia, microglial morphology, ramified microglia, amoeboid microglia, rod photoreceptors, brain injury, brain aging, microglial plasticity, ultrastructure, microglial phenotype
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Brain, Brain Injuries, Humans, Microglia
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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