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Stress, loneliness, and changes in herpesvirus latency
Abstract
This study used a prospective design to examine the influence of examination stress and loneliness on herpesvirus latency as measured by changes in antibody levels to three herpesviruses, Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), Herpes simplex type I (HSV-1), and cytomegalovirus (CMV). Three blood samples were obtained from 49 first-year medical students, with the first sample drawn 1 month before final examinations, the second on the first day of final examinations, and the third during the first week after their return from summer vacation. A median split on the UCLA Loneliness Scale divided subjects into high- and low-scoring loneliness groups. There were significant changes in the antibody titers to all three herpesviruses across the sample points, with the lowest levels found in the third (low stress) sample. High-loneliness subjects had significantly higher EBV antibody titers than low-loneliness subjects. These data suggest that stress-related immunosuppression can significantly modulate herpesvirus latency.
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Loneliness is associated with impaired cellular immunity, as reflected in lower natural killer (NK) cell activity and higher antibody titers to the Epstein Barr Virus and human herpes viruses.
“Loneliness has been associated with impaired cellular immunity as reflected in lower natural killer (NK) cell activity and higher antibody titers to the Epstein Barr Virus and human herpes viruses [70, 80–82].”
From Loneliness matters: a theoretical and empirical review of consequences and mechanisms (2010) · cites this paper as [81]
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Metadata
- Authors
- Glaser, R., Kiecolt-Glaser, J. K., Speicher, C. E., & Holliday, J. E.
- Affiliations
- The Ohio State University (US)
- Venue
- Journal of Behavioral Medicine
- Published
- 1985-09
- Volume
- 8
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 249-260
- ISSN
- 0160-7715 (ISSN-L)
- 1573-3521
- OpenAlex
- W2148096301
- Cited by
- 500
- References
- 1
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 9 · 2024: 13 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 11 · 2021: 10 · 2020: 18 · 2019: 16 · 2018: 10 · 2017: 8 · 2016: 7 · 2015: 5 · 2014: 18 · 2013: 8 · 2012: 12
- FWCI
- 23.30
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Journal of Behavioral Medicine (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Cancer Institute (CA-16058-09)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › Herpesvirus Infections and Treatments
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Behavioral Neuroscience › Stress Responses and Cortisol
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Cytomegalovirus and herpesvirus research
- Keywords
- stress, loneliness, herpesvirus latency, Epstein-Barr virus, herpes simplex virus type 1, cytomegalovirus, antibody titers, immunosuppression, medical students, exam stress, psychoneuroimmunology
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Antibodies, Viral, Cytomegalovirus Infections, Cytomegalovirus, Herpesvirus 4, Human, Female, Herpes Simplex, Herpesviridae Infections, Humans, Loneliness, Male, Social Isolation, Stress, Psychological, Virus Activation, Simplexvirus
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