Nicotine abstinence produces content-specific Stroop interference
Abstract
Adult, male smokers were randomly assigned to be nicotine abstinent for 12 h (n = 10) or to smoke normally for the same period of time (n = 10). Performance on a modified version of the Stroop (1935) color-naming task, where subjects named the color of ink in which each of a series of words was written, showed that abstinent smokers took significantly longer to color-name words related to cigarette smoking (e.g., Lighter) than to color-name neutral control words (e.g., Pennant). Non-abstinent smokers showed a significant difference in the opposite direction. These results suggest that nicotine abstinence decreases the ability to ignore the meaning of smoking-related information. This finding supports the hypothesis that abstinence produces a content-specific shift in attentional focus. The present pattern of results cannot be explained by a general decrease in cognitive function due to nicotine abstinence.
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Tobacco deprivation impairs attention and cognitive abilities within 12 hours of smoking cessation.
“Tobacco deprivation impairs attention and cognitive abilities within 12 h of smoking cessation [202–204].”
From Mechanistic insights into nicotine withdrawal (2011) · cites this paper as [202]
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- Authors
- Gross, T. M., Jarvik, M. E., & Rosenblatt, M. R.
- Affiliations
- University of California, Los Angeles (US)
- VA West Los Angeles Medical Center (US)
- ORCID
- Gross, Todd M.
- Venue
- Psychopharmacology
- Published
- 1993-02
- Volume
- 110
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 333-336
- ISSN
- 0033-3158 (ISSN-L)
- 1432-2072
- OpenAlex
- W2049770013
- Cited by
- 188
- References
- 20
- Citations by year
- 2025: 2 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 1 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 8 · 2015: 5 · 2014: 6 · 2013: 7 · 2012: 6
- FWCI
- 1.11
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Psychopharmacology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Smoking Behavior and Cessation
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors Study
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health › Prenatal Substance Exposure Effects
- Keywords
- nicotine abstinence, Stroop interference, attentional focus, color naming, smokers, cognitive function, attentional bias
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Breath Tests, Carbon Monoxide, Color Perception Tests, Humans, Male, Mental Processes, Nicotine, Saliva, Substance Withdrawal Syndrome, Smoking Cessation
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