Secretion of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) in type 2 diabetes: what is up, what is down?
Open accessAbstract
The incretin hormones gastric inhibitory polypeptide and especially glucagon-like peptide (GLP) have an important physiological function in augmenting postprandial insulin secretion. Since GLP-1 may play a role in the pathophysiology and treatment of type 2 diabetes, assessment of meal-related GLP-1 secretory responses in type 2 diabetic patients vs healthy individuals is of great interest. A common view states that GLP-1 secretion in patients with type 2 diabetes is deficient and that this applies to a lesser degree in individuals with impaired glucose tolerance. Such a deficiency is the rationale for replacing endogenous incretins with GLP-1 receptor agonists or re-normalising active GLP-1 concentrations with dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors. This review summarises the literature on this topic, including a meta-analysis of published studies on GLP-1 secretion in individuals with and without diabetes after oral glucose and mixed meals. Our analysis does not support the contention of a generalised defect in nutrient-related GLP-1 secretory responses in type 2 diabetes patients. Rather, factors are identified that may determine individual incretin secretory responses and explain some of the variations in published findings of group differences in GLP-1 responses to nutrient intake.
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Plasma GLP-1 levels are generally not different in normal glucose tolerance, impaired glucose tolerance, or type 2 diabetes.
“Plasma GLP-1 levels are not in general different in individuals with normal glucose tolerance, impaired glucose tolerance or type 2 diabetes38.”
From Pathophysiology and treatment of type 2 diabetes: perspectives on the past, present, and future (2014) · cites this paper as [38]
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- Authors
- Nauck, M. A., Vardarli, I., Deacon, C. F., Holst, J. J., & Meier, J. J.
- Affiliations
- Diabeteszentrum Bad Lauterberg (DE)
- University of Copenhagen (DK)
- St. Josef-Hospital (DE)
- Corresponding author
- Nauck, M. A.
- Venue
- Diabetologia
- Published
- 2010-09-25
- Volume
- 54
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 10-18
- ISSN
- 0012-186X (ISSN-L)
- 1432-0428
- OpenAlex
- W1975591028
- Cited by
- 465
- References
- 69
- Citations by year
- 2026: 8 · 2025: 20 · 2024: 30 · 2023: 20 · 2022: 20 · 2021: 25 · 2020: 22 · 2019: 33 · 2018: 24 · 2017: 24 · 2016: 39 · 2015: 47 · 2014: 38 · 2013: 44 · 2012: 40
- FWCI
- 5.20
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Diabetologia (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Research at the University of Copenhagen (University of Copenhagen) (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Treatment and Management
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Pancreatic function and diabetes
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Management and Research
- Keywords
- glucagon-like peptide-1, incretin secretion, type 2 diabetes, glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide, postprandial insulin secretion, impaired glucose tolerance, GLP-1 receptor agonists, DPP-4 inhibitors, oral glucose tolerance test, mixed meal
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Humans, Models, Biological, Meta-Analysis as Topic, Glucagon-Like Peptide 1, Incretins
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