The DOI matches its Crossref record; 42 of the 43 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Early seroconversion and rapidly increasing autoantibody concentrations predict prepubertal manifestation of type 1 diabetes in children at genetic risk
Open accessAbstract
Aims/hypothesis The aim of the study was to investigate the timing of the appearance of autoantibodies associated with type 1 diabetes between birth and puberty, the natural fate of these autoantibodies and the predictive power of autoantibody concentrations for early progression to clinical diabetes. Methods Children were recruited to the Type 1 Diabetes Prediction and Prevention Project, an ongoing study based on HLA-conferred genetic risk. Autoantibodies against islet cells, insulin, GAD65 and islet antigen 2 were analysed at 3-12 month intervals, starting from birth. Results During the follow-up, 1,320 children (18.4% of the cohort of 7,165 children) were autoantibody positive in at least one sample. Altogether, 184 autoantibody-positive children progressed to type 1 diabetes. Seroconversion occurred at an early age in the progressors (median 1.5 years), among whom 118 (64%) and 150 (82%) seroconverted to autoantibody positivity before the age of 2 and 3 years, respectively. The incidence of seroconversion peaked at 1 year of age. Compared with other autoantibody-positive children, the median autoantibody levels were already markedly higher 3 to 6 months after the seroconversion in children who later progressed to diabetes. Conclusions/interpretation Early initiation of autoimmunity and rapid increases in autoantibody titres strongly predict progression to overt diabetes before puberty, emphasising the importance of early life events in the development of type 1 diabetes.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“IAA concentration correlates with the rate of progression to overt type 1 diabetes in children followed from birth.67,68”
From Type 1 diabetes (2014) · cites this paper as [68]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Christakis, D., Richards, J. A., Zimmerman, F. J., Garrison, M. M., Xu, D., & Yapanel, U. H. (2009) · Cited by 2,290
Patterson, C. C., Dahlquist, G. G., Gyürüs, E., Green, A., & Soltész, G. (2009) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(09)60568-7 · Cited by 1,854
The Type 1 Diabetes Genetics Consortium, Barrett, J. C., Clayton, D. G., Concannon, P., Akolkar, B., Cooper, J. D., Erlich, H. A., Julier, C., Morahan, G., Nerup, J., et al. (2009) · Nature Genetics · doi:10.1038/ng.381 · Cited by 1,746
ISLET-CELL ANTIBODIES IN DIABETES MELLITUS WITH AUTOIMMUNE POLYENDOCRINE DEFICIENCIES
Bottazzo, G., Florin-Christensen, A., & Doniach, D. (1974) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(74)90140-8 · Cited by 1,469
Incidence and trends of childhood type 1 diabetes worldwide 1990–1999
The DIAMOND Project Group (2006) · Diabetic Medicine · doi:10.1111/j.1464-5491.2006.01925.x · Cited by 1,085
Onkamo, P., Väänänen, S., Karvonen, M., & Tuomilehto, J. (1999) · Diabetologia · doi:10.1007/s001250051309 · Cited by 984
Verge, C. F., Gianani, R., Kawasaki, E., Yu, L., Pietropaolo, M., Chase, H. P., Eisenbarth, G. S., & Jackson, R. A. (1996) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/diab.45.7.926 · Cited by 827
Termination of Pregnancy on Psychiatric Grounds
Graham-Stewart, C. W. (1964) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(64)92746-1 · Cited by 681
Time trends in the incidence of type 1 diabetes in Finnish children: a cohort study
Harjutsalo, V., Sjöberg, L., & Tuomilehto, J. (2008) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(08)60765-5 · Cited by 666
Ziegler, A., Hummel, M., Schenker, M., & Bonifacio, E. E. (1999) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/diabetes.48.3.460 · Cited by 640
Cited by
Sorted by citations
2. Classification and Diagnosis of Diabetes: Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes—2022
American Diabetes Association Professional Practice Committee (2022) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/dc22-s002 · Cited by 4,792
2. Classification and Diagnosis of Diabetes: Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes—2021
American Diabetes Association (2021) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/dc21-s002 · Cited by 3,116
Atkinson, M. A., Eisenbarth, G. S., & Michels, A. W. (2014) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(13)60591-7 · Cited by 2,931
2. Classification and Diagnosis of Diabetes: Standards of Care in Diabetes—2023
ElSayed, N. A., Aleppo, G., Aroda, V. R., Bannuru, R. R., Brown, F. M., Bruemmer, D., Collins, B. S., Gaglia, J. L., Hilliard, M. E., Isaacs, D. M., et al. (2022) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/dc23-s002 · Cited by 2,841
2. Diagnosis and Classification of Diabetes: Standards of Care in Diabetes—2024
American Diabetes Association Professional Practice Committee, ElSayed, N. A., Aleppo, G., Bannuru, R. R., Bruemmer, D., Collins, B. S., Ekhlaspour, L., Gaglia, J. L., Hilliard, M. E., Johnson, E. L., et al. (2024) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/dc24-s002 · Cited by 2,086
Metadata
- Authors
- Parikka, V., Näntö-Salonen, K., Saarinen, M., Simell, T., Ilonen, J., Hyöty, H., Veijola, R., Knip, M., & Simell, O.
- Affiliations
- Turku University Hospital (FI)
- University of Turku (FI)
- Tampere University (FI)
- Oulu University Hospital (FI)
- University of Helsinki (FI)
- Corresponding author
- Parikka, V.
- Venue
- Diabetologia
- Published
- 2012-03-23
- Volume
- 55
- Issue
- 7
- Pages
- 1926-1936
- ISSN
- 0012-186X (ISSN-L)
- 1432-0428
- OpenAlex
- W2049204060
- Cited by
- 235
- References
- 43
- Citations by year
- 2026: 9 · 2025: 11 · 2024: 10 · 2023: 19 · 2022: 14 · 2021: 21 · 2020: 8 · 2019: 16 · 2018: 14 · 2017: 17 · 2016: 25 · 2015: 25 · 2014: 21 · 2013: 16 · 2012: 7
- FWCI
- 13.30
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Diabetologia (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation International (4‐1998‐274, 4‐1999‐731, 68292, 4-1998-274, 4-1999-731, 4-2001-435, 4‐2001‐435)
- European Commission (BMH4‐CT98‐3314, 4-1998-274, 4-1999-731, 68292, 4-2001-435)
- Academy of Finland (114666, 68292)
- Suomen Kulttuurirahasto
- Tekes (4-1998-274, 68292, 4-1999-731, 4-2001-435)
- Päivikki ja Sakari Sohlbergin Säätiö (68292, 4-1998-274, 4-2001-435, 4-1999-731)
- Signe ja Ane Gyllenbergin Säätiö (4-1999-731, 4-2001-435, 4-1998-274, 68292)
- Emil Aaltosen Säätiö
- Lastentautien Tutkimussäätiö (BMH4- CT98-3314, 4-2001-435, 68292, 4-1998-274, 4-1999-731)
- Fonds Spéciaux de Recherche
- Varsinais-Suomen Rahasto
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Diabetes and associated disorders
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Management and Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Pancreatic function and diabetes
- Keywords
- type 1 diabetes, autoantibodies, seroconversion, prepubertal onset, islet autoimmunity, GAD65, insulin autoantibodies, disease progression prediction, autoantibody titres, early life events
- MeSH terms
- Autoantibodies, Child, Preschool, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1, Disease Susceptibility, Female, Finland, HLA Antigens, Humans, Infant, Infant, Newborn, Male, Prediabetic State, Predictive Value of Tests, Pregnancy, Biomarkers, Age of Onset, Disease Progression
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
