Incidence and trends of childhood type 1 diabetes worldwide 1990–1999
Open accessAbstract
Aims To examine incidence and trends of Type 1 diabetes worldwide for the period 1990–1999. Methods The incidence of Type 1 diabetes (per 100 000/year) was analysed in children aged ≤ 14 years from 114 populations in 112 centres in 57 countries. Trends in the incidence of Type 1 diabetes were analysed by fitting Poisson regression models to the dataset. Results A total of 43 013 cases were diagnosed in the study populations of 84 million children. The age‐adjusted incidence of Type 1 diabetes among 112 centres (114 populations) varied from 0.1 per 100 000/year in China and Venezuela to 40.9 per 100 000/year in Finland. The average annual increase in incidence calculated from 103 centres was 2.8% (95% CI 2.4–3.2%). During the years 1990–1994, this increase was 2.4% (95% CI 1.3–3.4%) and during the second study period of 1995–1999 it was slightly higher at 3.4% (95% CI 2.7–4.3%). The trends estimated for continents showed statistically significant increases all over the world (4.0% in Asia, 3.2% in Europe and 5.3% in North America), except in Central America and the West Indies where the trend was a decrease of 3.6%. Only among the European populations did the trend in incidence diminish with age. Conclusions The rising incidence of Type 1 diabetes globally suggests the need for continuous monitoring of incidence by using standardized methods in order to plan or assess prevention strategies.
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Increases in incidence of type 1 diabetes have not occurred equally across all age groups; in Europe, the most substantial increases have been in children younger than 5 years of age.
“Increases in incidence have not occurred equally across all age groups; in Europe, the most substantial increases have been noted in children younger than 5 years of age.5,21”
From Type 1 diabetes (2014) · cites this paper as [21]
DIAMOND trends for increased type 1 diabetes incidence were seen across the world, with 4.0% in Asia, 3.2% in Europe, and 5.3% in North America, except Central America and the West Indies, where incidence decreased by 3.6%.
“These trends for increased incidence of T1D were seen across the world in the populations studied (4.0% in Asia, 3.2% in Europe, and 5.3% in North America) with the exception of Central American and the West Indies, where T1D is less prevalent, and where the trend was a decrease of 3.6%.”
From Epidemiology of type 1 diabetes (2010) · cites this paper as [10]
According to large epidemiologic studies, the incidence of type 1 diabetes has been rising by 2-5% worldwide.
“Data from large epidemiologic studies worldwide indicate that the incidence of T1D has been increasing by 2–5% worldwide”
From Epidemiology of type 1 diabetes (2010) · cites this paper as [10]
The reported increases in type 1 diabetes incidence cannot be attributed to genetic shifts over such a short period, so causative agents should be sought in the environment or gene-environment interaction.
“Such reported increases cannot be attributed to genetic shifts in such a short period of time and the authors state that causative agents should be investigated in the environment or the gene-environment interaction.”
From Epidemiology of type 1 diabetes (2010) · cites this paper as [10]
An updated DIAMOND report found an average annual increase in type 1 diabetes incidence of 2.8% (95% CI 2.4-3.2%) from 1990-1999, with a higher rate in 1995-1999 (3.4%) than in 1990-1994 (2.4%).
“the average annual increase in incidence over this time period was 2.8% (95% CI 2.4–3.2%) with a slightly higher rate in the period 1995–1999, 3.4% (95% CI 2.7–4.3%), than in the period 1990–1994, 2.4% (95% CI 1.3–3.4%).”
From Epidemiology of type 1 diabetes (2010) · cites this paper as [10]
The worldwide increase in type 1 diabetes incidence is especially marked in young children.
“The increasing incidence of T1D throughout the world is especially marked in young children10,23.”
From Epidemiology of type 1 diabetes (2010) · cites this paper as [10]
Type 1 diabetes incidence generally increases from birth and peaks between ages 10 and 14 during puberty.
“In general, the incidence rate increases from birth and peaks between the ages of 10–14 years during puberty3,10,11.”
From Epidemiology of type 1 diabetes (2010) · cites this paper as [10]
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- Authors
- The DIAMOND Project Group
- Corresponding author
- The DIAMOND Project Group
- Venue
- Diabetic Medicine
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2006-06-26
- Volume
- 23
- Issue
- 8
- Pages
- 857-866
- ISSN
- 0742-3071 (ISSN-L)
- 1464-5491
- OpenAlex
- W4256127771
- Cited by
- 1,085
- References
- 23
- Citations by year
- 2026: 11 · 2025: 30 · 2024: 27 · 2023: 59 · 2022: 45 · 2021: 51 · 2020: 61 · 2019: 65 · 2018: 66 · 2017: 68 · 2016: 74 · 2015: 87 · 2014: 86 · 2013: 61 · 2012: 76
- FWCI
- 21.23
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Diabetic Medicine (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Open Repository and Bibliography (University of Luxembourg) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- IRIS Research product catalog (Sapienza University of Rome) (submittedVersion)
- AIRUS (submittedVersion)
- STM:n Hallinnonalan avoin julkaisuarkisto (Julkari) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Diabetes and associated disorders
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Management and Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins
- Keywords
- type 1 diabetes, pediatric diabetes, incidence, incidence trends, age-adjusted incidence, global incidence, regional variation, diabetes prevention
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Child, Child, Preschool, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1, Female, Humans, Infant, Infant, Newborn, Male, Global Health, World Health Organization, Incidence
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