Cited by 159Substance Abuse Treatment and OutcomesMindfulness and Compassion InterventionsAnxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes

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Living in the here and now: interrelationships between impulsivity, mindfulness, and alcohol misuse

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Murphy, Cara, MacKillop, James·2012·Psychopharmacology

DOI 10.1007/s00213-011-2573-0PMC PMC3881594

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Abstract

Rationale Impulsivity and mindfulness both emphasize orientation to the present, and both have been linked to alcohol misuse, but the relationship between the two is not clearly understood.Objectives The objectives of this study are to examine the relationships between elements of impulsivity and mindfulness and to examine both variables in relation to alcohol misuse.Method Young adults (N = 116) were assessed for alcohol use, mindfulness, and impulsivity using psychometrically validated measures.Results Numerous significant associations were present among the facets of impulsivity and mindfulness. All impulsivity facets and three facets of mindfulness were related to alcohol consumption and adverse consequences from drinking. After controlling for other variables, only the impulsivity domains of Negative Urgency (NU), Positive Urgency, and delay discounting were significantly related to alcohol consumption and only Lack of Premeditation and NU were significantly associated with drinking-related consequences.Conclusions There was considerable overlap between some elements of impulsivity and mindfulness while the overlap was negligible for other facets. The associations between mindfulness and alcohol misuse were entirely a function of impulsivity. In particular, acting on impulses while experiencing a negative affect was significantly associated with level of alcohol consumption and level of alcohol-related risk. Steep discounting of future rewards was associated with alcohol consumption while poor premeditation was associated with adverse drinking consequences. These findings illustrate the importance of jointly studying impulsivity when examining mindfulness traits.

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“Observational studies conducted among college students have linked higher mindfulness levels with healthier dietary and exercise behaviors [14,15] and with lower impulsiveness [16,17].”
Background
Associations of personality traits with marijuana use in a nationally representative sample of adolescents in the United States
Lee‐Winn, A. E., Mendelson, T., & Johnson, R. M. (2018) · Addictive Behaviors Reports · doi:10.1016/j.abrep.2018.06.005 · Cited by 21
“Research has identified an inverse relationship between impulsivity and trait mindfulness (Murphy & MacKillop, 2012; Peters, Erisman, Upton, Baer, & Roemer, 2011) and supported the effectiveness of a mindfulness program in lowering impulsivity and aggression among high school students with…”
Examination of mindfulness and impulsiveness in university student-athletes in terms of sports injury development history
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Adverse childhood experiences and risky behaviors in male college students
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Effect of a Brief Meditation Intervention on Gambling Cravings and Rates of Delay Discounting
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Kayiş, A. R. (2022) · British Journal of Guidance and Counselling · doi:10.1080/03069885.2022.2046255 · Cited by 15
Mindfulness and Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
Gu, Y., Zhu, Y., & Brown, K. W. (2021) · The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease · doi:10.1097/nmd.0000000000001388 · Cited by 12
Modeling the Effects of Attentional Cueing on Meditators
van Vugt, M. K., & van den Hurk, P. A. M. (2016) · Mindfulness · doi:10.1007/s12671-015-0464-x · Cited by 12
“It is also in agreement with previous findings that meditation reduces impulsivity (Hendrickson and Rasmussen 2013; Murphy and MacKillop 2012; Peters et al. 2011).”
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Impulsivity facets and substance use involvement: insights from genomic structural equation modeling
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“urgency is associated with adverse outcomes [28].”
Examining the Prospective Associations Between Mindfulness Facets and Substance Use in Emerging Adulthood.
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Daily impulsivity is associated with alcohol use and problems via coping motives, but not enhancement motives
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“In addition, positive relationships have also been found between the different factors of both variables (e.g., observing with positive urgency and sensation seeking [24,25].”
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“For example, crosssectional and longitudinal studies have found that NU is associated with problematic drinking (e.g., quantity, frequency, and dependence; Curcio and George 2011; Dir et al. 2013; Kaiser et al. 2012; Kuvaas et al. 2014; Murphy and MacKillop 2012; Shishido et al. 2013) and negative alcohol consequences…”
Influential
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Effects of Mindfulness Training Program on the Impulsivity Among Students with Learning Disabilities
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“Indeed, impulsivity and mindfulness are naturally reciprocal (Murphy & MacKillop, 2012).”
Background
Comparing the Effectiveness of Mindfulness-Based Group Therapy and Methadone Maintenance Therapy on Psychological Symptoms (Obsession, Interpersonal Sensitivity, Depression, Anxiety, and Aggression) among Opioid-Dependent Patients
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“Prior research suggests mindfulness and impulsivity to be partially overlapping but distinct concepts (Murphy & Mackillop, 2012).”
Background
Self‐care among persons with heart failure: Examining the impact of mindfulness and impulsivity using conditional process analysis
Rababah, J. A., Al‐Hammouri, M. M., Tawalbeh, L. I., Alhawatmeh, H. N., & Hasan, M. (2022) · Nursing Forum · doi:10.1111/nuf.12719 · Cited by 7
Relations among motives, negative urgency, and mindfulness skills in college drinkers
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A pilot mindfulness intervention to reduce heavy episodic drinking
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Is Mindfulness Associated With Safer Cannabis Use? A Latent Profile Analysis of Dispositional Mindfulness Among College Students Who Use Cannabis
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Living in the Present Moment: The Role of Mindfulness in the Association Between Impulsivity and Suicidality Among Black Emerging Adults
Brooks, J. R., Lebeaut, A., Jewell, R. D., Zegel, M., Walker, R. L., & Vujanovic, A. A. (2023) · Mindfulness · doi:10.1007/s12671-023-02180-x · Cited by 7
Mindfulness training for clinically elevated social anxiety: The impact on peak drinking.
Buckner, J. D., Lewis, E. M., Abarno, C. N., & Heimberg, R. G. (2020) · Addictive Behaviors · doi:10.1016/j.addbeh.2019.106282 · Cited by 5
The Effectiveness of Training Mindfulness-based Cognitive Therapy on Social Anxiety Disorder among First High School Female Students
Shabani, J., & Masdari, M. (2016) · DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) · Cited by 5
Moderation of relation between psychological risk factors and alcohol use by sex
Carroll, H. A., Rhew, I. C., & Larimer, M. E. (2019) · Women & Health · doi:10.1080/03630242.2019.1635559 · Cited by 5
“While some evidence has suggested that lower impulsivity accounts for the relation between mindfulness and alcohol use (Murphy and MacKillop 2012), we were interested in mindfulness as a protective factor.”
Background
The relationship of mindfulness and mindfulness-related practices with alcohol use among Hispanics/Latinx
Vinci, C., Malkhasyan, L., Simmons, V. N., & Correa-Fernández, V. (2020) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2020.112774 · Cited by 5
The Role of Experiential Avoidance in Trauma, Substance Abuse, and Other Experiences
Pepper, S. E. (2012) · University of North Texas Digital Library (University of North Texas) · doi:10.12794/metadc149651 · Cited by 5
“A recent study explored the roles of mindfulness and impulsivity in alcohol abuse and determined that acting impulsively while experiencing a negative affect was positively correlated with amount of alcohol consumption and amount of alcohol- related risk taking behaviors (Murphy & MacKillop, 2012).”
Background

Authors: Murphy, C., & MacKillop, J.
Affiliations: University of Georgia (US)
Corresponding author: MacKillop, James
ORCID: Murphy, Cara
MacKillop, James
Venue: Psychopharmacology
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Published: 2011-12-16
Volume: 219
Issue: 2
Pages: 527-536
ISSN: 0033-3158 (ISSN-L)
1432-2072
DOI: 10.1007/s00213-011-2573-0
PMC: PMC3881594
OpenAlex: W1973997739
Semantic Scholar: d33f6c59e737fd63d56482f1c89dbce5eb02be2f
Cited by: 159
References: 43
Citations by year: 2026: 2 · 2025: 14 · 2024: 10 · 2023: 9 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 15 · 2020: 22 · 2019: 16 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 12 · 2016: 12 · 2015: 7 · 2014: 13 · 2013: 8 · 2012: 4
FWCI: 5.97
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: green
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
Licence: www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
Locations: Psychopharmacology (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders: National Institutes of Health
National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (K23AA016936)
National Institute on Drug Abuse (P30DA027827)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes
Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Mindfulness and Compassion Interventions
Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
Keywords: impulsivity, mindfulness, alcohol abuse, negative urgency, positive urgency, delay discounting, lack of premeditation, alcohol consumption, young adults
MeSH terms: Adolescent, Female, Humans, Impulsive Behavior, Male, Surveys and Questionnaires, Meditation, Alcohol-Related Disorders, Young Adult

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Living in the here and now: interrelationships between impulsivity, mindfulness, and alcohol misuse

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