Delay discounting and the use of mindful attention versus distraction in the treatment of drug addiction: A conceptual review
Open accessAbstract
In recent decades, researchers have integrated measurements of delay discounting, how the subjective valuation of a reward changes as a function of time, into their study of addiction. Research has begun to explore the idea that delay discounting may serve as both a marker for the effectiveness of existing treatments for addiction and a potential target for novel intervention strategies. As this work is in its infancy, many potentially significant connections between the construct of delay discounting and the treatment of addiction have yet to be explored. Here, we present a conceptual review highlighting novel points of intersection between delay discounting and two approaches to treating addiction that have become increasingly popular in recent years: those that focus on the development of mindfulness skills and those that emphasize the use of distraction techniques. Viewing these two techniques through the lens of delay discounting is particularly intriguing because of the very different way that they address the experience of drug cravings in the present moment (nonjudgmentally attending to vs. shifting attention away from subjective cravings, respectively). We propose that these opposing strategies for dealing with cravings may interact with delay discounting in ways that have important implications for treatment effectiveness.
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Through acceptance-based/mindfulness-based trainings, individuals with addictive problems learn to accept negative feelings associated with moments of cravings and therefore get through these moments and stay abstinent.
“through acceptance-based/mindfulness-based trainings, individuals with addictive problems learn to accept negative feelings associated with moments of cravings and therefore get through these moments and stay abstinent”
From Behavioral trainings and manipulations to reduce delay discounting: A systematic review (2019) · cites this paper as Ashe et al., 2015
Most intervention theories related to elevated DD rates attempt to change individuals' heightened emphasis on immediate rewards toward a more future-oriented focus, whereas acceptance-based/mindfulness-based trainings concentrate on experiencing and accepting the aversiveness of the present moment.
“Most intervention theories related to elevated DD rates attempt to change individuals’ heightened emphasis on immediate rewards toward a more future-oriented focus, whereas acceptance-based/mindfulness-based trainings concentrate on experiencing and accepting the aversiveness of the present moment”
From Behavioral trainings and manipulations to reduce delay discounting: A systematic review (2019) · cites this paper as Ashe, Newman, & Wilson, 2015
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- Authors
- Ashe, M. L., Newman, M. G., & Wilson, S. J.
- Affiliations
- Pennsylvania State University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Wilson, Stephen J.
- Venue
- Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2014-12-25
- Volume
- 103
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 234-248
- ISSN
- 0022-5002 (ISSN-L)
- 1938-3711
- PMC
- PMC4410050
- OpenAlex
- W2102133455
- Cited by
- 45
- References
- 135
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 1 · 2015: 3
- FWCI
- 0.27
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- ScholarSphere (Penn State Libraries) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- SSRN Electronic Journal (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (K12HD055882)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes
- Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › General Decision Sciences › Decision-Making and Behavioral Economics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Opioid Use Disorder Treatment
- Keywords
- delay discounting, drug addiction treatment, mindfulness, distraction techniques, drug craving, treatment effectiveness
- MeSH terms
- Attention, Humans, Substance-Related Disorders, Mindfulness, Delay Discounting, Craving
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