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Cited by 265Gut microbiota and healthProbiotics and Fermented FoodsReproductive tract infections research

The Microgenderome Revealed: Sex Differences in Bidirectional Interactions between the Microbiota, Hormones, Immunity and Disease Susceptibility

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Vemuri, Ravichandra, Sylvia, Kristyn E., Klein, Sabra L., Forster, Samuel C., Plebanski, Magdalena, Eri, Raj, Flanagan, Katie L.·2019·Seminars in Immunopathology
DOI 10.1007/s00281-018-0716-7PMC PMC6500089
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Abstract

Sex differences in immunity are well described in the literature and thought to be mainly driven by sex hormones and sex-linked immune response genes. The gastrointestinal tract (GIT) is one of the largest immune organs in the body and contains multiple immune cells in the GIT-associated lymphoid tissue, Peyer's patches and elsewhere, which together have profound effects on local and systemic inflammation. The GIT is colonised with microbial communities composed of bacteria, fungi and viruses, collectively known as the GIT microbiota. The GIT microbiota drives multiple interactions locally with immune cells that regulate the homeostatic environment and systemically in diverse tissues. It is becoming evident that the microbiota differs between the sexes, both in animal models and in humans, and these sex differences often lead to sex-dependent changes in local GIT inflammation, systemic immunity and susceptibility to a range of inflammatory diseases. The sexually dimorphic microbiome has been termed the 'microgenderome'. Herein, we review the evidence for the microgenderome and contemplate the role it plays in driving sex differences in immunity and disease susceptibility. We further consider the impact that biological sex might play in the response to treatments aimed at manipulating the GIT microbiota, such as prebiotics, live biotherapeutics, (probiotics, synbiotics and bacteriotherapies) and faecal microbial transplant. These alternative therapies hold potential in the treatment of both psychological (e.g., anxiety, depression) and physiological (e.g., irritable bowel disease) disorders differentially affecting males and females.

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  • A combination of biological and ecological differences, such as hormones, diet, and environment, could contribute to variation in male and female viromes.

    “Alternatively, a combination of biological and ecological differences, such as hormones, diet, and environment, could contribute to variation in male and female viromes (Vemuri et al. 2019).”

    From Red fox viromes in urban and rural landscapes (2020) · cites this paper as Vemuri et al. 2019

    The sections on sex hormones in rodent models and on diet, GIT transit and adiposity (pages not provided) link hormones and diet to sex differences in gut microbiota. But the review says discussion of interactions involving viruses is beyond its scope; it does not establish that hormones, diet and environment contribute to variation in male and female viromes. (LLM, conf=0.86)

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Authors
Vemuri, R., Sylvia, K. E., Klein, S. L., Forster, S. C., Plebanski, M., Eri, R., & Flanagan, K. L.
Affiliations
  • University of Tasmania (AU)
  • Johns Hopkins University (US)
  • Hudson Institute of Medical Research (AU)
Corresponding author
Flanagan, Katie L.
ORCID
Venue
Seminars in Immunopathology
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Published
2018-10-08
Volume
41
Issue
2
Pages
265-275
ISSN
  • 1863-2297 (ISSN-L)
  • 1863-2300
DOI
10.1007/s00281-018-0716-7
PMC
PMC6500089
OpenAlex
W2898046974
Cited by
265
References
17
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FWCI
2.16
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • Seminars in Immunopathology (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
  • eCite Digital Repository (University of Tasmania) (submittedVersion)
  • UTAS Research Repository (submittedVersion)
  • RMIT Research Repository (RMIT University Library) (submittedVersion)
  • Figshare (submittedVersion, cc-by)
  • Figshare (submittedVersion)
Funders
  • National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (HHS N272201400007C)
  • National Health and Medical Research Council (1091097)
  • Victorian Government’s Operational Infrastructure Support Program
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Gut microbiota and health
  • Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Food Science › Probiotics and Fermented Foods
  • Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Microbiology › Reproductive tract infections research
Keywords
sex differences in immunity, gut microbiota, sex hormones, gut-associated lymphoid tissue, Peyer's patches, intestinal inflammation, disease susceptibility, prebiotics, probiotics, synbiotics, bacterial therapy, fecal microbiota transplantation, irritable bowel disease, anxiety, depression
MeSH terms
Gastrointestinal Microbiome, Animals, Disease Susceptibility, Female, Humans, Male, Peyer's Patches, Sex Characteristics, Gonadal Steroid Hormones, Gastrointestinal Tract

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

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