Cited by 162Gut microbiota and healthBacteriophages and microbial interactionsMicrobial Community Ecology and Physiology

Beyond Just Bacteria: Functional Biomes in the Gut Ecosystem Including Virome, Mycobiome, Archaeome and Helminths

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Vemuri, Ravichandra, Shankar, Esaki M., Chieppa, Marcello, Eri, Rajaraman, Kavanagh, Kylie·2020·Microorganisms

Abstract

Gut microbiota refers to a complex network of microbes, which exerts a marked influence on the host’s health. It is composed of bacteria, fungi, viruses, and helminths. Bacteria, or collectively, the bacteriome, comprises a significant proportion of the well-characterized microbiome. However, the other communities referred to as ‘dark matter’ of microbiomes such as viruses (virome), fungi (mycobiome), archaea (archaeome), and helminths have not been completely elucidated. Development of new and improved metagenomics methods has allowed the identification of complete genomes from the genetic material in the human gut, opening new perspectives on the understanding of the gut microbiome composition, their importance, and potential clinical applications. Here, we review the recent evidence on the viruses, fungi, archaea, and helminths found in the mammalian gut, detailing their interactions with the resident bacterial microbiota and the host, to explore the potential impact of the microbiome on host’s health. The role of fecal virome transplantations, pre-, pro-, and syn-biotic interventions in modulating the microbiome and their related concerns are also discussed.

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Crossref · 10.3390/microorganisms8040483

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  • Results obtained from the small number of studies performed using shotgun metagenomic sequencing suggest that the oral virome may be as significant in disease pathogenesis as the oral bacteriome.

    “Results obtained from the small number of studies performed using shotgun metagenomic sequencing suggest that the oral virome may be as significant in disease pathogenesis as the oral bacteriome.87, 88”

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  1. [103]Ahmad H.F.B. Mejia J.L.C. Kot W. Bechshøft R.L. Reitelseder S. Holm L. Nielsen D.S. The Gut Mycobiome of Elderly Danes Proceedings of the Danish Microbiological Society Annual Congress 2016 Comenhagen, Denmark 14 November 2016

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Authors
Vemuri, R., Shankar, E. M., Chieppa, M., Eri, R., & Kavanagh, K.
Affiliations
  • Wake Forest University Health Sciences (US)
  • Central University of Tamil Nadu (IN)
  • Gastroenterology Hospital "Saverio de Bellis" (IT)
  • University of Tasmania (AU)
Corresponding author
Vemuri, Ravichandra
Venue
Microorganisms
Publisher
MDPI AG
Published
2020-03-28
Volume
8
Issue
4
Pages
483
ISSN
2076-2607 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W3013399474
Cited by
162
References
154
Citations by year
2026: 16 · 2025: 28 · 2024: 31 · 2023: 28 · 2022: 24 · 2021: 21 · 2020: 13 · 2019: 1
FWCI
2.06
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Microorganisms (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • UTAS Research Repository (acceptedVersion)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
  • Figshare (submittedVersion, cc-by)
  • Figshare (submittedVersion)
  • AIRUS (submittedVersion)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Gut microbiota and health
  • Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Ecology › Bacteriophages and microbial interactions
  • Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Ecology › Microbial Community Ecology and Physiology
Keywords
gut microbiota, virome, fungal communities, archaeome, helminths, gut viruses, gut fungi, gut archaea, bacteriome, host-microbe interactions, prebiotics, probiotics, synbiotics, metagenomics, human health

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