Longitudinal relationship between physical activity and cardiometabolic factors in overweight and obese adults
Open accessAbstract
Few studies have reported longitudinal relationships between physical activity (PA) and cardiometabolic risk factors over time using repeated assessments in overweight or obese adults. We conducted a longitudinal study in 127 participants (81% with body mass index > 30 kg/m(2)) who completed a 12-month behavioral intervention for weight loss between 2003 and 2005 in Pittsburgh, PA, USA. Using absolute change scores from baseline to each time point (i.e., 6 and 12 months) for all studied variables (Delta = time point - baseline), we performed mixed effects modeling to examine relationships between PA and cardiometabolic risk factors, after adjusting for body weight, energy intake and other covariates (i.e., age, gender, and ethnicity). PA was assessed as energy expenditure (kcal/week) using the Paffenbarger activity questionnaire. Over the 12-month period, energy expenditure increased (Delta1,370 kcal/week at 6 months vs. Delta886 kcal/week at 12 months); body weight decreased (Delta8.9 kg at 6 months vs. Delta8.4 kg at 12 months). The average increase in energy expenditure over 12 months was significantly and independently related to reductions in total cholesterol (F = 6.25, p = 0.013), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) (F = 5.08, p = 0.025) and fasting blood glucose (F = 5.10, p = 0.025), but not to other risk factors (i.e., fasting insulin, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides, and waist circumference). In conclusion, among overweight and obese adults undergoing a weight loss intervention, increased energy expenditure over 12 months may improve total cholesterol and LDL-C, important coronary risk factors, and fasting blood glucose, a metabolic risk factor.
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The Paffenbarger Physical Activity Questionnaire has high reliability and convergent validity with several objective measures of physical activity and fitness, including maximal oxygen uptake and body mass index.
“This instrument has high reliability (33) and convergent validity with several objective measures of physical activity and fitness, including maximal oxygen uptake (34) and body mass index (BMI) (35).”
From Social jetlag, chronotype, and cardiometabolic risk (2015) · cites this paper as [35]
The Paffenbarger questionnaire is predictive of health conditions related to physical activity, including myocardial infarction, and total cholesterol and fasting blood glucose.
“The Paffenbarger questionnaire is predictive of health conditions that are related to physical activity, including myocardial infarction (36), and total cholesterol and fasting blood glucose (35).”
From Social jetlag, chronotype, and cardiometabolic risk (2015) · cites this paper as [35]
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- Authors
- Choo, J., Elci, O. U., Yang, K., Turk, M. W., Styn, M. A., Sereika, S. M., Music, E., & Burke, L. E.
- Affiliations
- Korea University (KR)
- University of Pittsburgh (US)
- Duquesne University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Choo, Jina
- Venue
- European Journal of Applied Physiology
- Published
- 2009-10-06
- Volume
- 108
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 329-336
- ISSN
- 0020-9376 (ISSN-L)
- 1439-6319
- 1439-6327
- PMC
- PMC3319046
- OpenAlex
- W2076336864
- Cited by
- 17
- References
- 35
- Citations by year
- 2024: 1 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 1 · 2018: 2 · 2016: 1 · 2015: 2 · 2014: 3 · 2013: 2
- FWCI
- 0.44
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- European Journal of Applied Physiology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- D-Scholarship@Pitt (University of Pittsburgh) (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (UL1TR000005, 5p30dk046204-15)
- National Institute of Nursing Research (P30NR003924, P30-NR-03924, K24NR010742)
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases ((DK 046204, R01-DK58631, R01DK058631, P30-DK046204)
- National Center for Research Resources (M01RR000056, 5 MO1 RR 00056)
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Physical Activity and Health
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Obesity, Physical Activity, Diet
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins
- Keywords
- physical activity, energy expenditure, cardiometabolic risk factors, obesity, overweight adults, weight loss interventions, LDL cholesterol, total cholesterol, fasting blood glucose, coronary risk factors
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Energy Metabolism, Female, Humans, Cholesterol, HDL, Cholesterol, LDL, Male, Middle Aged, Obesity, Risk Factors, Triglycerides, Weight Loss, Exercise, Body Mass Index, Overweight
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