Treatment of Severe Candida Infections in High-Risk Patients in Germany: Consensus Formed by a Panel of Interdisciplinary Investigators
Abstract
Now that modern medicine can provide increasing chances of cure to patients with formerly incurable disorders, therapy-related complications play the key role in outcome. Thus, among opportunistic infections, severe candidiasis remains a challenge. A multidisciplinary panel of 20 investigators was formed to find a consensus on antifungal strategies for various underlying conditions in neutropenic and non-neutropenic patients. To record their preferences, the investigators used an anonymous voting system. Among antifungal agents, fluconazole emerged as the major alternative to the classic amphotericin B, being therapeutically at least equivalent but clearly less toxic. Factors that restrict the use of fluconazole include pretreatment with azoles, involvement of resistant species like Candida krusei, and an inability to exclude aspergillosis. Flucytosine can be reasonably combined with both amphotericin B and fluconazole. Within the limited antifungal armamentarium, amphotericin B lipid formulations and itraconazole also appear useful and require further investigation. The general consensus of the group is that antifungal agents should be administered at sufficient dosages, rather early, and often empirically.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Amphotericin B deoxycholate has a broader spectrum than fluconazole.
“many authorities prefer amphotericin B deoxycholate (у0.7 mg/kg per day) [126, 127] because of its broader spectrum.”
From Guidelines for Treatment of Candidiasis (2004) · cites this paper as [127]
C. glabrata often has reduced susceptibility to both azoles and amphotericin B.
“Because C. glabrata often has reduced susceptibility to both azoles and amphotericin B, opinions on the best therapy are divided [127].”
From Guidelines for Treatment of Candidiasis (2004) · cites this paper as [127]
Fluconazole has been used successfully in clinically unstable patients infected with an unspeciated isolate.
“For clinically unstable patients infected with an unspeciated isolate, fluconazole has been used successfully”
From Guidelines for Treatment of Candidiasis (2004) · cites this paper as [127]
Cites
Liposomal Amphotericin B for Empirical Therapy in Patients with Persistent Fever and Neutropenia
Walsh, T. J., Finberg, R. W., Arndt, C., Hiemenz, J., Schwartz, C., Bodensteiner, D., Pappas, P., Seibel, N., Greenberg, R. N., Dummer, S., et al. (1999) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm199903113401004 · Cited by 1,205 · see citing works
Rex, J. H., Bennett, J. E., Sugar, A. M., Pappas, P. G., van der Horst, C. M., Edwards, J. E., Washburn, R. G., Scheld, W. M., Karchmer, A. W., Dine, A. P., et al. (1994) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm199411173312001 · Cited by 1,039 · see citing works
Wingard, J. R., Merz, W. G., Rinaldi, M. G., Johnson, T. R., Karp, J. E., & Saral, R. (1991) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm199110313251803 · Cited by 937 · see citing works
Practice Guidelines for the Treatment of Candidiasis
Rex, J. H., Walsh, T. J., Sobel, J. D., Filler, S. G., Pappas, P. G., Dismukes, W. E., & Edwards, J. E. (2000) · Clinical Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1086/313749 · Cited by 927 · see citing works
Ross, J. F., Chaudhuri, P. K., & Ratnam, M. (1994) · Cancer · doi:10.1002/1097-0142(19940501)73:9 · Cited by 886 · see citing works
Resistance of Candida species to fluconazole
Rex, J. H., Rinaldi, M. G., & Pfaller, M. A. (1995) · Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy · doi:10.1128/aac.39.1.1 · Cited by 879 · see citing works
Pizzo, P. A., Robichaud, K. J., Gill, F. A., & Witebsky, F. G. (1982) · The American Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1016/0002-9343(82)90594-0 · Cited by 859 · see citing works
Candida Colonization and Subsequent Infections in Critically III Surgical Patients
Pittet, D., Monod, M., Suter, P. M., Frenk, E., & Auckenthaler, R. (1994) · Annals of Surgery · doi:10.1097/00000658-199412000-00008 · Cited by 798 · see citing works
Trends in the postmortem epidemiology of invasive fungal infections at a University Hospital
Groll, A. H., Shah, P. M., MENTZEL, C., Schneider, M., Just‐Nübling, G., & Huebner, K. (1996) · Journal of Infection · doi:10.1016/s0163-4453(96)92700-0 · Cited by 779 · see citing works
Epidemiology of Nosocomial Fungal Infections, with Emphasis on Candida Species
Jarvis, W. R. (1995) · Clinical Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1093/clinids/20.6.1526 · Cited by 636 · see citing works
Viscoli, C., Girmenia, C., Marinus, A., Collette, L., Martino, P., Vandercam, B., Doyen, C., Lebeau, B., Spence, D., Krcmery, V., et al. (1999) · Clinical Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1086/514731 · Cited by 601 · see citing works
Risk factors for candidemia in Neonatal Intensive Care Unit patients
SAIMAN, L., LUDINGTON, E., PFALLER, M., RANGEL-FRAUSTO, S., WIBLIN, T. R., DAWSON, J., BLUMBERG, H. M., PATTERSON, J. E., RINALDI, M., EDWARDS, J. E., et al. (2000) · The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal · doi:10.1097/00006454-200004000-00011 · Cited by 587 · see citing works
Detection and identification of fungal pathogens in blood by using molecular probes
Einsele, H., Hebart, H. F., Roller, G., Löffler, J., Rothenhöfer, I., Müller, C. A., Bowden, R. A., van Burik, J., Engelhard, D., Kanz, L., et al. (1997) · Journal of Clinical Microbiology · doi:10.1128/jcm.35.6.1353-1360.1997 · Cited by 580 · see citing works
Fungal infections in cancer patients: An international autopsy survey
Bodey, G. P., Bueltmann, B., Duguid, W. P., Gibbs, D. L., Hanak, H., Hotchi, M., Mall, G., Martino, P., Meunier, F., Milliken, S., et al. (1992) · European Journal of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1007/bf01967060 · Cited by 546 · see citing works
Importance of Candida Species Other than C. albicans as Pathogens in Oncology Patients
Wingard, J. R. (1995) · Clinical Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1093/clinids/20.1.115 · Cited by 542 · see citing works
Fungal infections complicating acute leukemia
Bodey, G. P. (1966) · Journal of Chronic Diseases · doi:10.1016/0021-9681(66)90066-x · Cited by 524 · see citing works
Stone, R. M., Berg, D. T., George, S. L., Dodge, R. K., Paciucci, P. A., Schulman, P., Lee, E. J., Moore, J. O., Powell, B. L., & Schiffer, C. A. (1995) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm199506223322503 · Cited by 447 · see citing works
Rangel‐Frausto, M. S., Wiblin, T., Blumberg, H. M., Saiman, L., Patterson, J., Rinaldi, M., Pfaller, M., Edwards, Jr., Jarvis, W., Dawson, J., et al. (1999) · Clinical Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1086/520194 · Cited by 430 · see citing works
Edwards, Jr., Bodey, G. P., Bowden, R. A., Buchner, T., de Pauw, B. E., Filler, S. G., Ghannoum, M. A., Glauser, M., Herbrecht, R., Kauffman, C. A., et al. (1997) · Clinical Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1086/514504 · Cited by 418 · see citing works
Groll, A. H., Piscitelli, S. C., & Walsh, T. J. (1998) · Advances in pharmacology · doi:10.1016/s1054-3589(08)60129-5 · Cited by 377 · see citing works
Groll, A. H., Giri, N., Petraitis, V., Petraitienė, R., Candelario, M., Bacher, J., Piscitelli, S. C., & Walsh, T. J. (2000) · The Journal of Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1086/315643 · Cited by 373 · see citing works
Fungal infections in patients with acute leukemia
DeGregorio, M. W., Lee, W. M. F., LINKER, C. A., Jacobs, R. A., & Ries, C. A. (1982) · The American Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1016/0002-9343(82)90334-5 · Cited by 354 · see citing works
Wingard, J. R., Merz, W. G., Rinaldi, M. G., Miller, C. B., Karp, J. E., & Saral, R. (1993) · Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy · doi:10.1128/aac.37.9.1847 · Cited by 339 · see citing works
Heil, G., Hoelzer, D. F., Sanz, M. Á., Lechner, K., Yin, J. A. L., Papa, G. F. S., Noens, L., Szer, J., Ganser, A., O'Brien, C., et al. (1997) · Blood · doi:10.1182/blood.v90.12.4710 · Cited by 331 · see citing works
Boogaerts, M., Winston, D. J., Bow, E. J., Garber, G., Reboli, A. C., Schwarer, A. P., Novitzky, N., Boehme, A., Chwetzoff, E., De Beule, K., et al. (2001) · Annals of Internal Medicine · doi:10.7326/0003-4819-135-6-200109180-00010 · Cited by 321 · see citing works
Vascular Catheter-Associated Fungemia in Patients with Cancer: Analysis of 155 Episodes
Lecciones, J. A., Lee, J. W., Navarro, E. E., Witebsky, F. G., Marshall, D., Steinberg, S. M., Pizzo, P. A., & Walsh, T. J. (1992) · Clinical Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1093/clinids/14.4.875 · Cited by 317 · see citing works
Rex, J. H., Pfaller, M. A., Barry, A. L., Nelson, P. W., & Webb, C. D. (1995) · Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy · doi:10.1128/aac.39.1.40 · Cited by 300 · see citing works
Predictors of Adverse Outcome in Cancer Patients with Candidemia
Anaissie, E. J., Rex, J. H., Uzun, Ö., & Vartivarian, S. (1998) · The American Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1016/s0002-9343(98)00030-8 · Cited by 295 · see citing works
Anaissie, E. J., Darouiche, R. O., Abi-Said, D., Uzun, Ö., Mera, J., Gentry, L. O., Williams, T. M., Kontoyiannis, D. P., Karl, C., & Bodey, G. P. (1996) · Clinical Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1093/clinids/23.5.964 · Cited by 276 · see citing works
Vincent, J., Anaissie, E. J., Bruining, H. A., Demajo, W. A. P., El-Ebiary, M., Haber, J. A., Hiramatsu, Y., Nitenberg, G., Nyström, P. O., Pittet, D., et al. (1998) · Intensive Care Medicine · doi:10.1007/s001340050552 · Cited by 273 · see citing works
Intravascular Catheter Exchange and Duration of Candidemia
Rex, J. H., Bennett, J. E., Sugar, A. M., Pappas, P. G., Serody, J., Edwards, J. E., Washburn, R. G., NIAID Mycoses Study Group, & Candidemia Study Group (1995) · Clinical Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1093/clinids/21.4.994 · Cited by 252 · see citing works
Ellis, M. E., Spence, D. J., de Pauw, B., Meunier, F., Marinus, A., Collette, L., Sylvester, R. J., Meis, J. F. G. M., Boogaerts, M. A., Selleslag, D., et al. (1998) · Clinical Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1086/515033 · Cited by 249 · see citing works
Investigation of the sequence of colonization and candidemia in nonneutropenic patients
Voss, A., Hollis, R. J., Pfaller, M. A., Wenzel, R. P., & Doebbeling, B. N. (1994) · Journal of Clinical Microbiology · doi:10.1128/jcm.32.4.975-980.1994 · Cited by 226 · see citing works
Anaissie, E. J., Bodey, G. P., Kantarjian, H. M., David, C. L., Barnett, K., Bow, E. J., DeFelice, R., Downs, N., File, T. M., Karam, G. A., et al. (1991) · The American Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1016/0002-9343(91)90006-j · Cited by 217 · see citing works
Treatment of hepatosplenic candidiasis with liposomal-amphotericin B.
Lopez‐Berestein, G., Bodey, G. P., Frankel, L. S., & Mehta, K. (1987) · Journal of Clinical Oncology · doi:10.1200/jco.1987.5.2.310 · Cited by 216 · see citing works
Löwenberg, B., Suciu, S., Archimbaud, E., Ossenkoppele, G. J., Verhoef, G. E. G., Vellenga, E., Wijermans, P., Berneman, Z. N., Dekker, A. W., Stryckmans, P. A., et al. (1997) · PubMed · doi:10.1182/blood.v90.8.2952 · Cited by 205 · see citing works
Hepatosplenic candidiasis: Successful treatment with fluconazole
Kauffman, C. A., Bradley, S., Ross, S. C., & Weber, D. R. (1991) · The American Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1016/0002-9343(91)90005-i · Cited by 193 · see citing works
Winston, D. J., Hathorn, J. W., Schuster, M. G., Schiller, G. J., & Territo, M. C. (2000) · The American Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1016/s0002-9343(99)00457-x · Cited by 189 · see citing works
Should central venous catheters be removed as soon as candidemia is detected in neonates
Karlowicz, M. G., Hashimoto, L. N., Kelly, R. E., & Buescher, E. S. (2000) · Pediatrics · doi:10.1542/peds.106.5.e63 · Cited by 178 · see citing works
Candida lusitaniae: frequency of recovery, colonization, infection, and amphotericin B resistance
Merz, W. G. (1984) · Journal of Clinical Microbiology · doi:10.1128/jcm.20.6.1194-1195.1984 · Cited by 167 · see citing works
Candidal infection in the central nervous system
Lipton, S. A., Hickey, W. F., Morris, J. H., & Loscalzo, J. (1984) · The American Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1016/0002-9343(84)90757-5 · Cited by 157 · see citing works
Trends in Antifungal Use and Epidemiology of Nosocomial Yeast Infections in a University Hospital
Berrouane, Y. F., Herwaldt, L. A., & Pfaller, M. A. (1999) · Journal of Clinical Microbiology · doi:10.1128/jcm.37.3.531-537.1999 · Cited by 136 · see citing works
Emergence of a new opportunistic pathogen, Candida lusitaniae
Blinkhorn, R. J., Adelstein, D. J., & Spagnuolo, P. J. (1989) · Journal of Clinical Microbiology · doi:10.1128/jcm.27.2.236-240.1989 · Cited by 129 · see citing works
Ruhnke, M., Schmidt‐Westhausen, A. M., & Trautmann, M. (1997) · Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy · doi:10.1128/aac.41.3.575 · Cited by 126 · see citing works
Fatal septicemia due to amphotericin B-resistant Candida lusitaniae
Guinet, R., Chanas, J., Goullier, A., Bonnefoy, G., & Ambroise-Thomas, P. (1983) · Journal of Clinical Microbiology · doi:10.1128/jcm.18.2.443-444.1983 · Cited by 125 · see citing works
Viscoli, C., Castagnola, E., Van Lint, M. T., Moroni, C., Garaventa, A., Rossi, M. R., Fanci, R., Menichetti, F., Caselli, D., Giacchino, M., et al. (1996) · European Journal of Cancer · doi:10.1016/0959-8049(95)00619-2 · Cited by 122 · see citing works
Safety and pharmacokinetics of fluconazole in children with neoplastic diseases
Lee, J. W., Seibel, N. L., Amantea, M., Whitcomb, P., Pizzo, P. A., & Walsh, T. J. (1992) · The Journal of Pediatrics · doi:10.1016/s0022-3476(05)81975-4 · Cited by 120 · see citing works
Management of deepCandida infection in surgical and intensive care unit patients
British Society for Antimicrobial Chemotherapy Working Party, & Denning, D. W. (1994) · Intensive Care Medicine · doi:10.1007/bf01711909 · Cited by 116 · see citing works
Risk factors for systemic fungal infections in liver transplant recipients
Briegel, J., Forst, H., Spill, B., Haas, A., Grabein, B., Haller, M., Kilger, E., Jauch, K. W., Maag, K.-P., Ruckdeschel, G., et al. (1995) · European Journal of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1007/bf02114892 · Cited by 111 · see citing works
Krüger, W., Rüssmann, B., Kröger, N. M., Salomon, C., Ekopf, N., Elsner, H.-A., Kaulfers, P.-M., Mack, D., Fuchs, N., Dürken, M., et al. (1999) · Bone Marrow Transplantation · doi:10.1038/sj.bmt.1701614 · Cited by 111 · see citing works
Interventional antimicrobial therapy in febrile neutropenic patients
Link, H., Maschmeyer, G., Meyer, P., Hiddemann, W., Stille, W., Helmerking, M., & D. Adam for the study group of the Paul Ehrlich Society for Chemotherapy (1994) · Annals of Hematology · doi:10.1007/bf01700277 · Cited by 107 · see citing works
Abele‐Horn, M., Köpp, A., Sternberg, U., Ohly, A., Nagengast, O., Dauber, A., Russwurm, W., Büchinger, W., & Emmerling, P. (1996) · Infection · doi:10.1007/bf01713042 · Cited by 105 · see citing works
Use of Fluconazole in the Treatment of Candidal Endophthalmitis
Akler, M. E., Vellend, H., McNeely, D. M., Walmsley, S. L., & Gold, W. L. (1995) · Clinical Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1093/clinids/20.3.657 · Cited by 98 · see citing works
Andes, D. R., & van Ogtrop, M. L. (2000) · Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy · doi:10.1128/aac.44.4.938-942.2000 · Cited by 97 · see citing works
Treatment of Candida albicans fungaemia with fluconazole
Graninger, W., Presteril, E., Schneeweiß, B., Teleky, B. K., & Georgopoulos, A. P. (1993) · Journal of Infection · doi:10.1016/0163-4453(93)92761-k · Cited by 97 · see citing works
Invasive fungal infections in children: recent advances in diagnosis and treatment.
Walsh, T. J., Gonzalez, C., Lyman, C. A., Chanock, S. J., & Pizzo, P. A. (1996) · PubMed · Cited by 93 · see citing works
Martínez-Vázquez, C., Fernández-Ulloa, J., Bordón, J., SOPEÑA, B., de la Fuente, J., Ocampo, A., & Rubianes, M. (1998) · Clinical Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1086/514972 · Cited by 87 · see citing works
Kujath, P., Boos, C., Lerch, K., & Kochendörfer, P. (1993) · Infection · doi:10.1007/bf01728917 · Cited by 83 · see citing works
Lee, S.-C., Fung, C., Huang, J., Tsai, C.-J., Chen, K.-S., Chen, H.-Y., Lee, N., See, L., & Wb, S. (2000) · Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy · doi:10.1128/aac.44.10.2715-2718.2000 · Cited by 81 · see citing works
Fungemia in Patients with Leukemia
Martino, P., Girmenia, C., Micozzi, A., Raccah, R. N., Gentile, G., Venditti, M., & Mandelli, F. (1993) · The American Journal of the Medical Sciences · doi:10.1097/00000441-199310000-00004 · Cited by 80 · see citing works
Invasive Infection Due to Candida krusei in Immunocompromised Patients Not Treated with Fluconazole
Iwen, P. C., Kelly, D., Reed, E. C., & Hinrichs, S. H. (1995) · Clinical Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1093/clinids/20.2.342 · Cited by 75 · see citing works
High‐dose therapy with fluconazole ≥ 800 mg day ‐1
Duswald, K. H., Penk, A., & Pittrow, L. B. (1997) · Mycoses · doi:10.1111/j.1439-0507.1997.tb00231.x · Cited by 53 · see citing works
Hematopoietic growth factors in acute myeloid leukemia: supportive and priming effects.
Büchner, T., Hiddemann, W., Wormann, B. J., Zühlsdorf, M., Rottmann, R., Innig, G., Maschmeier, G., Ludwig, W. D., Sauerland, M.-C., & Heinecke, A. (1997) · PubMed · Cited by 49 · see citing works
Hepatic Lesions of Chronic Disseminated Candidiasis May Become Invisible During Neutropenia
Pestalozzi, B. C., Krestin, G. P., Schanz, U., Jacky, E., & Gmür, J. (1997) · Blood · doi:10.1182/blood.v90.10.3858 · Cited by 48 · see citing works
Ruhnke, M., Schmidt‐Westhausen, A. M., Engelmann, E., & Trautmann, M. (1996) · Journal of Clinical Microbiology · doi:10.1128/jcm.34.12.3208-3211.1996 · Cited by 40 · see citing works
Müller, F. ‐. C., Groll, A. H., & Walsh, T. J. (1999) · European Journal of Pediatrics · doi:10.1007/s004310051047 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
Silling, G., Fegeler, W., Roos, N., Essink, M., & Büchner, T. (1999) · Mycoses · doi:10.1111/j.1439-0507.1999.tb00023.x · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Fluconazole in the treatment of oropharyngeal candidosis in HIV‐positive patients
Just‐Nübling, G., Gentschew, G., Döhle, M., Böttinger, C., Helm, E.-B., & Stille, W. (1990) · Mycoses · doi:10.1111/myc.1990.33.9-10.435 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Diagnostic laparoscopy in patients with acute leukemia and suspected hepatic candidiasis
Anttila, V., Färkkilä, M. A., Jansson, S. ‐., Taavitsainen, M., Kaukoranta-Tolvanen, S.-S. E., Nordling, S., Koukila-Kähkölä, P., Ruutu, T., & Ruutu, P. (1997) · European Journal of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1007/bf01708552 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Karthaus, M., Huebner, G., Geißler, R. G., Heil, G., & Ganser, A. (1998) · Blood · doi:10.1182/blood.v91.8.3087.3087_3087_3089 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Update on Invasive Candidiasis
Rodríguez-Adrián, L. J., Rex, J. H., & Anaissie, E. J. (1996) · Advances in pharmacology · doi:10.1016/s1054-3589(08)60955-2 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Antifungal treatment strategy in leukemia patients
Büchner, T., & Roos, N. (1992) · Annals of Hematology · doi:10.1007/bf01703108 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Special aspects related to invasive fungal infections in children with cancer.
Ritter, J., Roos, N., & Meunier, F. (1995) · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Plasma and tissue concentrations of fluconazole and their correlation to breakpoints
Pittrow, L. B., & Penk, A. (1997) · Mycoses · doi:10.1111/j.1439-0507.1997.tb00167.x · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Hepatosplenic candidiasis in patients with acute leukaemia
Karthaus, M., & Ganser, A. (2000) · British Journal of Haematology · doi:10.1046/j.1365-2141.2000.01975.x · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Demajo, W., Guimond, J.-G., Rotstein, C., Tweeddale, M., & Canadian Candidemia Advisory Group (1997) · Canadian Journal of Infectious Diseases and Medical Microbiology · doi:10.1155/1997/746813 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Resistance phenomena to systemic antimycotic drugs and the problem of susceptibility testing
Mueller, J. K. (1992) · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Guidelines for Treatment of Candidiasis
Pappas, P. G., Rex, J. H., Sobel, J. D., Filler, S. G., Dismukes, W. E., Walsh, T. J., & Edwards, J. E. (2004) · Clinical Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1086/380796 · Cited by 1,440 · see citing works
Epidemiology of Candida species infections in critically ill non-immunosuppressed patients
Eggimann, P., Garbino, J., & Pittet, D. (2003) · The Lancet Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1016/s1473-3099(03)00801-6 · Cited by 900 · see citing works
LIMPER, A. H., Knox, K. S., Sarosi, G. A., Ampel, N. M., Bennett, J. E., Catanzaro, A., Davies, S. F., Dismukes, W. E., Hage, C. A., Marr, K. A., et al. (2010) · American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine · doi:10.1164/rccm.2008-740st · Cited by 608 · see citing works
Candida as a risk factor for mortality in peritonitis*
Montravers, P., Dupont, H., Gauzit, R., Veber, B., Auboyer, C., Blin, P., Hennequin, C., & Martin, C. (2006) · Critical Care Medicine · doi:10.1097/01.ccm.0000201889.39443.d2 · Cited by 283 · see citing works
Management of candidiasis Management of Candida species infections in critically ill patients
Eggimann, P., Garbino, J., & Pittet, D. (2003) · The Lancet Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1016/s1473-3099(03)00831-4 · Cited by 232 · see citing works
Bench-to-bedside review: Candida infections in the intensive care unit
Méan, M., Marchetti, O., & Calandra, T. (2008) · Critical Care · doi:10.1186/cc6212 · Cited by 217 · see citing works
Population Pharmacokinetics of Fluconazole in Young Infants
Wade, K. C., Wu, D., Kaufman, D. A., Ward, R. M., Benjamin, D. K., Sullivan, J. E., Ramey, N., Jayaraman, B., Hoppu, K., Adamson, P. C., et al. (2008) · Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy · doi:10.1128/aac.00569-08 · Cited by 174 · see citing works
Reinhart, K., Brunkhorst, F. M., Bone, H.-G., Bardutzky, J., Dempfle, C.-E., Forst, H., Gastmeier, P., Gerlach, H., Gründling, M., John, S., et al. (2010) · BORIS (University Library Bern) · doi:10.48350/654 · Cited by 129 · see citing works
Invasive candidiasis in immunocompromised hospitalized patients.
Sims, C. R., Ostrosky-Zeichner, L., & Rex, J. H. (2005) · Archives of Medical Research · doi:10.1016/j.arcmed.2005.05.015 · Cited by 124 · see citing works
Prävention, Diagnose, Therapie und Nachsorge der Sepsis
Reinhart, K., Brunkhorst, F. M., Bone, H.-G., Bardutzky, J., Dempfle, C. E., Forst, H., Gastmeier, P., Gerlach, H., Gründling, M., John, S., et al. (2010) · Der Anaesthesist · doi:10.1007/s00101-010-1719-5 · Cited by 135 · see citing works
Candidemia and invasive candidiasis: A review of the literature for the burns surgeon
Ha, J. F., Italiano, C. M., Heath, C. H., Shih, S., Rea, S. M., & Wood, F. M. (2010) · Burns · doi:10.1016/j.burns.2010.01.005 · Cited by 76 · see citing works
Olson, J. A., Adler‐Moore, J., Smith, P. J., & Proffitt, R. T. (2005) · Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy · doi:10.1128/aac.49.12.4895-4902.2005 · Cited by 75 · see citing works
Bishop, J. A., Chase, N., Magill, S. S., Kurtzman, C. P., Fiandaca, M. J., & Merz, W. G. (2007) · Journal of Clinical Microbiology · doi:10.1128/jcm.01986-07 · Cited by 66 · see citing works
Garey, K. W., Pai, M. P., Suda, K. J., Turpin, R. S., Rege, M., Mingo, D. E., & Bearden, D. T. (2007) · Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug Safety · doi:10.1002/pds.1365 · Cited by 63 · see citing works
Diagnose und Therapie der Sepsis
Reinhart, K., Brunkhorst, F. M., Bone, H.-G., Gerlach, H., Gründling, M., Kreymann, G., Kujath, P., Marggraf, G., Mayer, K., Meier‐Hellmann, A., et al. (2006) · Der Internist · doi:10.1007/s00108-006-1595-x · Cited by 55 · see citing works
Schmalreck, A., Willinger, B., Haase, G., Blum, G., Lass‐Flörl, C., Fegeler, W., Becker, K., & for the Antifungal Susceptibility Testing (AFST) Study Group (2012) · Mycoses · doi:10.1111/j.1439-0507.2011.02165.x · Cited by 57 · see citing works
Initial management of candidemia at an academic medical center: Evaluation of the IDSA guidelines
Patel, M., Kunz, D. F., Trivedi, V. M., Jones, M. G., Moser, S. A., & Baddley, J. W. (2005) · Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease · doi:10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2004.12.010 · Cited by 56 · see citing works
Prevalence, associations, and trends of biliary-tract candidiasis: a prospective observational study
Lenz, P., Conrad, B., Kucharzik, T. F., Hilker, E., Fegeler, W., Ullerich, H., Heinecke, A., Domschke, W., & Domagk, D. (2009) · Gastrointestinal Endoscopy · doi:10.1016/j.gie.2009.01.038 · Cited by 48 · see citing works
Gherna, M., & Merz, W. G. (2008) · Journal of Clinical Microbiology · doi:10.1128/jcm.01241-08 · Cited by 40 · see citing works
Zhang, L., Zhou, S., Pan, A., Li, J., & Liu, B. (2014) · International Journal of Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1016/j.ijid.2014.12.033 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Sendid, B., François, N., Standaert‐Vitse, A., Dehecq, E., Zerimech, F., Camus, D., & Poulain, D. (2007) · Journal of Medical Microbiology · doi:10.1099/jmm.0.46715-0 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
Biliary Tract Candidiasis: Diagnostic and Therapeutic Approaches in a Case Series
Domagk, D., Fegeler, W., Conrad, B., Menzel, J., Domschke, W., & Kucharzik, T. F. (2006) · The American Journal of Gastroenterology · doi:10.1111/j.1572-0241.2006.00663.x · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Coping with Candida Infections
Evans, S. E. (2010) · Proceedings of the American Thoracic Society · doi:10.1513/pats.200907-075al · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Diagnose und Therapie der Sepsis
Reinhart, K., Brunkhorst, F. M., Bone, H.-G., Gerlach, H., Gründling, M., Kreymann, G., Kujath, P., Marggraf, G., Mayer, K., Meier-Hellmann, A., et al. (2006) · Clinical Research in Cardiology · doi:10.1007/s00392-006-0414-7 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Eggimann, P., Calandra, T., Flückiger, U. M., Billé, J., Garbino, J., Glauser, M., Marchetti, O., Ruef, C., Täuber, M. G., Pittet, D., et al. (2005) · Intensive Care Medicine · doi:10.1007/s00134-005-2809-8 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Reinhart, K., Brunkhorst, F. M., Bone, H.-G., Bardutzky, J., Dempfle, C. ‐., Forst, H., Gastmeier, P., Gerlach, H., Gründling, M., John, S., et al. (2010) · RWTH Publications (RWTH Aachen) · Cited by 23 · see citing works
New options for treatment of candidaemia in critically ill patients
Ruhnke, M., Härtwig, K., & Kofla, G. (2008) · Clinical Microbiology and Infection · doi:10.1111/j.1469-0691.2008.01981.x · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Prävention, Diagnose, Therapie und Nachsorge der Sepsis
Reinhart, K., Brunkhorst, F. M., Bone, H.-G., Bardutzky, J., Dempfle, C. ‐., Forst, H., Gastmeier, P., Gerlach, H., Gründling, M., John, S., et al. (2010) · Intensivmedizin und Notfallmedizin · doi:10.1007/s00390-010-0169-2 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Diagnose und Therapie der Sepsis
Reinhart, K., Brunkhorst, F. M., Bone, H.-G., Gerlach, H., Gründling, M., Kreymann, G., Kujath, P., Marggraf, G., Mayer, K., Meier‐Hellmann, A., et al. (2006) · Intensivmedizin und Notfallmedizin · doi:10.1007/s00390-006-0701-6 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Paulo, C., Mourao, C., Veiga, P. M., Marques, J. M., Rocha, G., Alves, A. F., Querol, A., Meliço-Silvestre, A. A., Goncalves, I., Flores, O., et al. (2009) · Medical Mycology · doi:10.3109/13693780802709081 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Defining standards of CARE for invasive fungal diseases in the ICU
Cuenca‐Estrella, M., Kett, D. H., & Wauters, J. (2019) · Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy · doi:10.1093/jac/dkz038 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Karthaus, M., & Cornely, O. A. (2004) · Annals of Hematology · doi:10.1007/s00277-004-0986-0 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Traitement antifongique des candidoses systémiques en réanimation
Kettani, A., Belkhadir, Z. H., Mosadik, A., Faroudy, M., Ababou, A., Lazreq, C., & Sbihi, A. (2006) · Journal de Mycologie Médicale · doi:10.1016/j.mycmed.2005.10.004 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Hagihara, M., Kato, T., Hasegawa, T., Hagihara, M., Mikamo, H., Umemura, T., & Kasai, H. (2010) · Journal of Infection and Chemotherapy · doi:10.1007/s10156-010-0102-4 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Yıldırım, M., Ismet, O., Şahın, İ., & Yaşar, M. (2008) · PubMed · Cited by 7 · see citing works
[Recommendations of antifungal treatment in patients with low grade immunosuppression].
Barberán, J., Mensa, J., Fariñas, C., Llinares, P., Serrano, R., Menéndez, R., Agustí, C., Gobernado, M., Azanza, J. R., & Rodríguez, J. A. G. (2008) · PubMed · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Therapie schwerer Pilzinfektionen
Battegay, M., & Flckiger, U. (2003) · Der Internist · doi:10.1007/s00108-003-1065-7 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Los aspectos epidemiológicos cambiantes de la candidemia y sus implicaciones clinicoterapéuticas
Salavert, M., Ramos, I. J., & Pemán, J. (2006) · Enfermedades Infecciosas y Microbiología Clínica · doi:10.1157/13094277 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Diagnose und Therapie der Sepsis
Reinhart, K., Brunkhorst, F. M., Bone, H.-G., Gerlach, H., Gründling, M., Kreymann, G., Kujath, P., Marggraf, G., Mayer, K., Meier‐Hellmann, A., et al. (2006) · Intensivmedizin und Notfallmedizin · doi:10.1007/s00390-006-0700-7 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Reinhart, K., Brunkhorst, F. M., Bone, H.-G., Gerlach, H., Gründling, M., Kreymann, G., Kujath, P., Marggraf, G., Mayer, K., Meier‐Hellmann, A., et al. (2006) · Intensiv und Notfallbehandlung · doi:10.5414/ibp31003 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Garnacho‐Montero, J., & Gil, C. L. (2005) · Farmacia Hospitalaria · doi:10.1016/s1130-6343(05)73677-1 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Invasive Fungal Infections in Patients with Acute Leukemia
Hsiao, H., Tsai, H., Liu, Y., Tseng, Y., Lu, P., Yang, W., Liu, T., & Lin, S. (2006) · The Kaohsiung Journal of Medical Sciences · doi:10.1016/s1607-551x(09)70239-6 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Infectious Diseases in Pediatric Cancer
Koh, A. Y., & Pizzo, P. A. (2009) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-1-4160-3431-5.00027-3 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Arzneimittel-Interaktionen mit systemischen Antimykotika beim Intensivpatienten
Müller, S. C., & Welte, T. (2007) · Intensivmedizin und Notfallmedizin · doi:10.1007/s00390-007-0828-0 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Sims, C. R., & Ostrosky-Zeichner, L. L. (2008) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-141603158-1.10015-0 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Ellsworth, M., Sims, C. R., & Ostrosky‐Zeichner, L. (2012) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-1-4377-2662-6.00017-1 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
First Colombian Consensus on sepsis
Restrepo, M. I., Castell, C. D., Gonzalez, M. A., Ortíz, G., Álvarez, C., Granados, M., Acosta, C. P., Arias, A., Atehortua, L. H., Camargo, R. D., et al. (2006) · Revista Colombiana de Cirugía
Frühsignale systemischer Mykosen – Leitlinien für Therapieentscheidungen?
Bernhardt, H., & Knoke, M. (2004) · Mycoses · doi:10.1111/j.1439-0507.2004.01042.x
Plantefève, G., Chosidow, D., & Dupont, H. (2004) · Réanimation · doi:10.1016/j.reaurg.2004.02.007
Just‐Nübling, G., & Ruhnke, M. (2006) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/3-540-26504-x_99
- Authors
- T., B., W., F., H., B., N., B., K.-H., D., M., H., D., H., U., J., G., J.-N., M., K., G., M., F.-M., M., J., M., J., R., N., R., M., R., A., S., R., S., G., S., & G., S.
- Affiliations
- Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München (DE)
- University of Würzburg (DE)
- Venue
- European Journal of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases
- Published
- 2002-05-01
- Volume
- 21
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 337-352
- ISSN
- 0934-9723 (ISSN-L)
- 1435-4373
- OpenAlex
- W2150108331
- Cited by
- 53
- References
- 78
- Citations by year
- 2019: 1 · 2014: 1 · 2012: 3
- FWCI
- 2.75
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- European Journal of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › Antifungal resistance and susceptibility
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Neutropenia and Cancer Infections
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Fungal Infections and Studies
- Keywords
- antifungal therapy, fluconazole, amphotericin B, 5-fluorocytosine, itraconazole, Candida krusei, aspergillosis, neutropenic patients, empirical antifungal therapy, treatment duration, antifungal resistance
- MeSH terms
- Antifungal Agents, Candida, Candidiasis, Chronic Disease, Colony-Stimulating Factors, Drug Administration Schedule, Germany, Humans, Lung Diseases, Fungal, Neutropenia, Risk Factors, Fungemia, Mycological Typing Techniques
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review