The Social Ties That Bind: Social Anxiety and Academic Achievement Across the University Years

Brook, Christina A.; Willoughby, Teena

doi:10.1007/s10964-015-0262-8

Cited by 183Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive ProcessesEducation, Achievement, and GiftednessStudent Stress and Coping

The Social Ties That Bind: Social Anxiety and Academic Achievement Across the University Years

Brook, Christina A., Willoughby, Teena·2015·Journal of Youth and Adolescence

DOI 10.1007/s10964-015-0262-8

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Abstract

Given that engagement and integration in university/college are considered key to successful academic achievement, the identifying features of social anxiety, including fear of negative evaluation and distress and avoidance of new or all social situations, may be particularly disadvantageous in the social and evaluative contexts that are integral to university/college life. Thus, the purpose of this study was to examine the direct effects of social anxiety on academic achievement, as well as investigate an indirect mechanism through which social anxiety might impact on academic achievement, namely, the formation of new social ties in university. The participants were 942 (71.7 % female; M = 19 years at Time 1) students enrolled in a mid-sized university in Southern Ontario, Canada. Students completed annual assessments of social anxiety, social ties, and academic achievement for three consecutive years. The results from an autoregressive cross-lag path analysis indicated that social anxiety had a significant and negative direct relationship with academic achievement. Moreover, the negative indirect effect of social anxiety on academic achievement through social ties was significant, as was the opposing direction of effects (i.e., the indirect effect of academic achievement on social anxiety through social ties). These findings highlight the critical role that social ties appear to play in successful academic outcomes and in alleviating the effects of social anxiety during university/college.

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Social anxiety is negatively associated with academic performance among college students (based on prior studies).
“Although previous studies have found that socially anxious college students exhibit low academic performance [9, 10]”
From Social media addiction and academic engagement as serial mediators between social anxiety and academic performance among college students (2024) · cites this paper as [14]
One underlying mechanism for the association between social anxiety and poorer academic adjustment in typically developing students may be failure to seek support.
“some researchers have suggested one underlying mechanism may be failure to seek support when students experience high levels of social anxiety at university (Arjanggi & Kusumaningsih, 2016; Brook & Willoughby, 2015; Zukerman et al., 2019).”
From Differences in anxieties and social networks in a group-matched sample of autistic and typically developing students transitioning to university (2020) · cites this paper as Brook & Willoughby, 2015
Higher rates of social anxiety in typically developing students are associated with poorer academic adjustment.
“Higher rates of social anxiety in TD students has also been associated with poorer academic adjustment, and some researchers have suggested one underlying mechanism may be failure to seek support when students experience high levels of social anxiety at university (Arjanggi & Kusumaningsih, 2016; Brook & Willoughby, 2015; Zukerman et al., 2019).”
From Differences in anxieties and social networks in a group-matched sample of autistic and typically developing students transitioning to university (2020) · cites this paper as Brook & Willoughby, 2015
Among college students, relationships with peers contribute to adjustment during the college transition, academic success, and personal well-being.
“Among college students, relationships with peers contribute to adjustment during the college transition, academic success, and personal well-being (Abby et al., 1985;Brook & Willoughby, 2015;Zea et al., 1995).”
From Social anxiety mediates the effect of attachment to parents on friendships and loneliness during the college transition (2023) · cites this paper as Brook & Willoughby, 2015
Social anxiety has been related to a lack of social ties, which in turn is associated with lower academic achievement in college students.
“Additionally, social anxiety has also been related to a lack of social ties which in turn is associated with lower academic achievement in college students (Brook & Willoughby, 2015;Lasgaard et al., 2011)”
From Social anxiety mediates the effect of attachment to parents on friendships and loneliness during the college transition (2023) · cites this paper as Brook & Willoughby, 2015

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Authors: Brook, C. A., & Willoughby, T.
Affiliations: Brock University (CA)
Corresponding author: Brook, Christina A.
Willoughby, Teena
ORCID: Brook, Christina A.
Willoughby, Teena
Venue: Journal of Youth and Adolescence
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Published: 2015-02-18
Volume: 44
Issue: 5
Pages: 1139-1152
ISSN: 0047-2891 (ISSN-L)
1573-6601
DOI: 10.1007/s10964-015-0262-8
OpenAlex: W2012414170
Cited by: 183
References: 72
Citations by year: 2026: 13 · 2025: 28 · 2024: 26 · 2023: 15 · 2022: 29 · 2021: 19 · 2020: 20 · 2019: 11 · 2018: 9 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 6 · 2015: 2
FWCI: 11.06
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
Locations: Journal of Youth and Adolescence (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders: Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada
Topics: Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Education, Achievement, and Giftedness
Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Student Stress and Coping
Keywords: social anxiety, academic performance, social ties, university students, social integration, fear of negative evaluation, social avoidance, student engagement
MeSH terms: Adolescent, Adult, Anxiety, Educational Status, Female, Humans, Interpersonal Relations, Longitudinal Studies, Male, Social Behavior, Universities, Young Adult

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The Social Ties That Bind: Social Anxiety and Academic Achievement Across the University Years

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