Ambulatory measurement of shoulder and elbow kinematics through inertial and magnetic sensors
Abstract
Inertial and magnetic measurement systems (IMMSs) are a new generation of motion analysis systems which may diffuse the measurement of upper-limb kinematics to ambulatory settings. Based on the MT9B IMMS (Xsens Technologies, NL), we therefore developed a protocol that measures the scapulothoracic, humerothoracic and elbow 3D kinematics. To preliminarily evaluate the protocol, a 23-year-old subject performed six tasks involving shoulder and elbow single-joint-angle movements. Criteria for protocol validity were limited cross-talk with the other joint-angles during each task; scapulohumeral-rhythm close to literature results; and constant carrying-angle. To assess the accuracy of the MT9B when measuring the upper-limb kinematics through the protocol, we compared the MT9B estimations during the six tasks, plus other four, with the estimations of an optoelectronic system (the gold standard), in terms of RMS error, correlation coefficient (r), and the amplitude ratio (m). Results indicate that the criteria for protocol validity were met for all tasks. For the joint angles mainly involved in each movement, the MT9B estimations presented RMS errors <3.6 degrees , r > 0.99 and 0.9 < m < 1.09. It appears therefore that (1) the protocol in combination with the MT9B is valid for, and (2) the MT9B in combination with the protocol is accurate when, measuring shoulder and elbow kinematics, during the tasks tested, in ambulatory settings.
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Knee intra-rater reliability was fair to excellent and inter-rater reliability varied across movements (good for walking ICC 0.4 to 0.74 and poor for jumping ICC ≤0.39).
“Intra-rater reliability was fair to excellent and inter-rater reliability varied across movements performed (good for walking [ICC from 0.4 to 0.74] and poor for jumping [ICC ≤ 0.39] [45,53,59]).”
From Validity and Reliability of Wearable Sensors for Joint Angle Estimation: A Systematic Review (2019) · cites this paper as [45]
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- Authors
- Cutti, A. G., Giovanardi, A., Rocchi, L., Davalli, A., & Sacchetti, R.
- Affiliations
- Istituto Nazionale per l'Assicurazione Contro gli Infortuni sul Lavoro (IT)
- University of Bologna (IT)
- Corresponding author
- Cutti, Andrea Giovanni
- Venue
- Medical & Biological Engineering & Computing
- Published
- 2007-12-18
- Volume
- 46
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 169-178
- ISSN
- 0140-0118 (ISSN-L)
- 1741-0444
- OpenAlex
- W1997332088
- Cited by
- 311
- References
- 31
- Citations by year
- 2026: 9 · 2025: 17 · 2024: 16 · 2023: 19 · 2022: 16 · 2021: 11 · 2020: 22 · 2019: 22 · 2018: 21 · 2017: 28 · 2016: 22 · 2015: 25 · 2014: 18 · 2013: 20 · 2012: 11
- FWCI
- 9.19
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Medical & Biological Engineering & Computing (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Regione Emilia-Romagna
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition › Context-Aware Activity Recognition Systems
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Aerospace Engineering › Inertial Sensor and Navigation
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Shoulder Injury and Treatment
- Keywords
- upper limb kinematics, shoulder kinematics, elbow kinematics, scapulothoracic joint, scapulohumeral rhythm, carrying angle, measurement accuracy
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Biomechanical Phenomena, Elbow Joint, Humans, Magnetics, Male, Models, Anatomic, Shoulder Joint, Range of Motion, Articular, Monitoring, Ambulatory
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