Cited by 891Language, Discourse, Communication StrategiesLinguistics and Language AnalysisSyntax, Semantics, Linguistic Variation

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 27 of the 31 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Indirectness and politeness in requests: Same or different?

Blum-Kulka, Shoshana·1987·Journal of Pragmatics

DOI 10.1016/0378-2166(87)90192-5

Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1016/0378-2166(87)90192-5

Cites

27 of 27 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Recomputing p-values needs the paper’s full text.

Claims the paper makes

We couldn’t retrieve this paper’s full text, so its claims and self-check weren’t run. The registry and citation checks still apply.

Logic and Conversation
Grice, H. P. (1975) · Speech Acts · doi:10.1163/9789004368811_003 · Cited by 23,221
Principles of Pragmatics
Leech, G. (2016) · Routledge eBooks · doi:10.4324/9781315835976 · Cited by 7,767
Strategies of Discourse Comprehension
Staczek, J. J., van Dijk, T. A., & Kintsch, W. (1985) · Modern Language Journal · doi:10.2307/326517 · Cited by 5,377
Universals in language usage: Politeness phenomena
Brown, P., & Levinson, S. C. (1978) · Max Planck Digital Library · Cited by 2,726
Strategies of discourse comprehension . By Teun A. van Dijk and Walter Kintsch. New York: Academic Press, 1983. Pp. xi, 418. $38.50.
Biber, D. (1986) · Language · doi:10.2307/415483 · Cited by 1,941
A Festschrift for Morris Halle
Halle, M., Anderson, S. R., & Kiparsky, P. (1973) · Holt, Rinehart and Winston eBooks · Cited by 1,908
Indirect speech acts
(1979) · Expression and Meaning · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511609213.004 · Cited by 1,393
Requests and Apologies: A Cross-Cultural Study of Speech Act Realization Patterns (CCSARP)1
BLUM-KULKA, S., & OLSHTAIN, E. (1984) · Applied Linguistics · doi:10.1093/applin/5.3.196 · Cited by 1,242 · cited 1×
“For details of the study see Blum-Kulka and Olshtain (1984), and Blum-Kulka, House and Kasper (forthcoming).”
MethodSelf-citation
Indirect Speech Acts
Searle, J. R. (1975) · BRILL eBooks · doi:10.1163/9789004368811_004 · Cited by 804
Is Sybil there? the structure of some American English directives
Ervin-Tripp, S. Μ. (1976) · Language in Society · doi:10.1017/s0047404500006849 · Cited by 764

Show all 31 references

Research works printed but not linked: 3

Blum-Kulka, Shoshana, in press. The multifunctionality of discourse markers: The case of requests. Theoretical Linguistics. Blum-Kulka, Shoshana, Juliane House and Gabriele Kasper, eds., forthcoming. Cross-cultural pragmatics. Norwood, NJ: Ablex.
Dascal, 1983, Vol. 1
Katriel Tamar, forthcoming. ‘Dugri’ speech: Talking straight in Israeli ‘Sabra’ culture. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Sorted by citations

Items 301–400 of 887

Politeness in Korea and America: A Comparative Analysis of Request Strategy in English Communication
Song, S. (2014) · Korea Journal · doi:10.25024/kj.2014.54.1.60 · Cited by 10
Presuppositions, Projection, and Accommodation
Schwarz, F. (2019) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198791768.013.26 · Cited by 11
Politeness of Vietnamese Students in Writing Request Email in English: a Course-based and Socio-pragmatic Study
Pham, T. M. T., & Yeh, A. (2020) · International Journal of Language and Literary Studies · doi:10.36892/ijlls.v2i2.202 · Cited by 10
"You might think about slightly revising the title”: Identifying Hedges in Peer-tutoring Interactions
Raphalen, Y., Clavel, C., & Cassell, J. (2022) · Proceedings of the conference - Association for Computational Linguistics. Meeting · doi:10.18653/v1/2022.acl-long.153 · Cited by 14
“, a strong limitation for the study of conversational hedges since it is in requests (including tutoring instructions) that indirect formulations mostly occur according to Blum-Kulka (1987).”
Background
Indirectness in Zimbabwean English: A Study of Intercultural Communication in the UK
Grainger, K. P. (2011) · Palgrave Macmillan UK eBooks · doi:10.1057/9780230305939_9 · Cited by 10
Revisiting Brown and Levinson's Politeness Theory: A Middle-Eastern Perspective
Alabdali, T. S. (2019) · Bulletin of Advanced English Studies · doi:10.31559/baes2019.2.2.3 · Cited by 10
“The actual over-generalized aspects of the model, I believe, are the proposed relation between indirectness and politeness (Blum-Kulka, 1987), and the hierarchy of politeness super-strategies.”
Background
The effect of Bloom-based activities and Vygotskian scaffolding on Iranian EFL learners’ use of the speech act of request
Kaivanpanah, S., & Langari, M. T. (2020) · Current Psychology · doi:10.1007/s12144-020-01053-z · Cited by 11
“If L2 users are not equipped with the ability to make appropriate requests in different situations, it is highly probable that they cannot even move through the day (Blum-Kulka 1987).”
Background
Perception of politeness in English requests by Thai EFL learners
Chiravate, B. (2011) · Cited by 10
Requesting strategies in English and Greek: Observations from an Airline's Call Centre
Economidou‐Kogetsidis, M. (2002) · Cited by 10
Imperatives and politeness in Dutch
de Hoop, H., Klatter-Folmer, J., Mulder, G., et al. (2016) · Linguistics in the Netherlands · doi:10.1075/avt.33.04hoo · Cited by 10
Secondary and deviant uses of the imperative for requesting in Italian
Rossi, G. (2017) · Studies in language and social interaction · doi:10.1075/slsi.30.04ros · Cited by 10
Children’s writing of argumentative texts: Effects of indirect instruction
Zammuner, V. (1991) · European Journal of Psychology of Education · doi:10.1007/bf03191942 · Cited by 10
A Robot Jumping the Queue: Expectations About Politeness and Power During Conflicts in Everyday Human-Robot Encounters
Babel, F., Welsch, R., Miller, L., Höck, P., Thellman, S., & Tom Ziemke, B. (2024) · CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems · doi:10.1145/3613904.3642082 · Cited by 9
Cross-Cultural Perspectives on Linguistic Politeness
Lounis, M. (2014) · Cross-cultural communication · doi:10.3968/j.ccc.1923670020141001.4324 · Cited by 9
Romanian Second Language Learners of English Requests and Apologies
Aydın, H., & Koch, C. (2012) · Theory and Practice in Language Studies · doi:10.4304/tpls.2.2.233-239 · Cited by 9
Five Nonmanual Modifiers That Mitigate Requests and Rejections in American Sign Language
Hoza, J. (2008) · Sign language studies · doi:10.1353/sls.2008.0006 · Cited by 9
“…linguistic features associated with requests and rejections of numerous languages have been reported in various studies in the literature (e.g., Blum-Kulka 1987; Blum-Kulka, House, and Kasper 1989; Weizman 1989; Blum-Kulka and House 1989; Hickey 1991; Takahashi and Beebe 1993; Blum-Kulka 1997;…”
Background
Creative resonance and misalignment stance
Dori‐Hacohen, G. (2017) · Functions of Language · doi:10.1075/fol.24.1.02dor · Cited by 9
Exhaustivity inIt-Clefts
Onea, E. (2019) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198791768.013.17 · Cited by 9
Assessing the L2 pragmatic awareness of non-native EFL teacher candidates: Is spotting a problem enough?
Glaser, K. (2020) · Lodz Papers in Pragmatics · doi:10.1515/lpp-2020-0003 · Cited by 9
Requests in Indian and Sri Lankan English
Degenhardt, J. (2021) · World Englishes · doi:10.1111/weng.12573 · Cited by 9
On the Intersection between Variational and Contrastive Pragmatics: An Analysis of Requests for Repair in Complaints by German-Speaking Belgians
Lochtman, K. (2022) · Contrastive Pragmatics · doi:10.1163/26660393-00001056 · Cited by 9
Request mitigating devices in Australian English and Iraqi Arabic : a comparative study
Aldhulaee, M. T. (2011) · The Round Table · Cited by 9
E-politeness in Iranian English Electronic Requests to the Faculty
Zarei, G. R., & Mohammadi, M. (2012) · Cited by 9
Healthy Research Perspectives: Incorporating College Student Experiences With Alcohol
Casper, M., Child, J. T., Gilmour, D., McIntyre, K. A., & Pearson, J. (2006) · Health Communication · doi:10.1207/s15327027hc2003_8 · Cited by 10
“Indeed, explicit messages do not require guesswork or interpretation (Blum-Kulka, 1987). Explicit messages are clear, are efficient, and encourage favorable source judgments (Brown & Levinson, 1987; Kellerman, Reynolds, & Chen, 1991). Approaching communication about alcohol in a straightforward manner has been found t…”
BackgroundInfluential
Front desk talk : a study of interaction between receptionists and patients in general practice surgeries
Hewitt, H. (2006) · ERA · Cited by 9
Politeness Variation: Politeness in Britain, Australia, and Hong Kong
Fang, X. (2024) · Corpus Pragmatics · doi:10.1007/s41701-024-00174-1 · Cited by 8
“British English politeness is typically characterized by off-record or negative politeness (e.g., Blum-Kulka, 1987; Ogiermann, 2009), while direct, casual and friendly are often considered typical features of Australian culture (Chen & Yao, 2009, p. 5).”
Advice in Japanese radio phone-in counselling
Tanaka, L. (2015) · Pragmatics Quarterly Publication of the International Pragmatics Association (IPrA) · doi:10.1075/prag.25.2.06tan · Cited by 8
Message Framing Influences Perceptions of Feedback (In)Directness
Kung, F. Y. H., & Scholer, A. A. (2018) · Social Cognition · doi:10.1521/soco.2018.36.6.626 · Cited by 9
Conceptualizing Illocutions in Context: A Variationist Perspective on the Meta-Illocutionary Lexicon
Schoppa, D. J. (2022) · Corpus Pragmatics · doi:10.1007/s41701-022-00115-w · Cited by 11
Refusal Strategies Used in Algerian Spoken Arabic in Response to Offers
Benbouya, A., & Rabab'ah, G. A. (2022) · Theory and Practice in Language Studies · doi:10.17507/tpls.1204.12 · Cited by 8
“However, other researchers (Blum-Kulka, 1987; Wierzbicka, 1991) hypothesize that every culture and language has its own way of performing a speech act.”
Background
Genericity
Lazaridou‐Chatzigoga, D. (2019) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198791768.013.12 · Cited by 9
Social–Societal Context Element Changes in Cyberpragmatics Perspective
Rahardi, R. K. (2023) · Theory and Practice in Language Studies · doi:10.17507/tpls.1311.06 · Cited by 8
“Cultural context is very important in determining the speaker's meaning from the perspective of cultural pragmatics, both in the sense of intercultural pragmatics, cross-cultural pragmatics, and culture-specific pragmatics proposed by Blum-Kulka (1987) and Halliday (1978).”
Background
PERWUJUDAN PRINSIP KERJASAMA, SOPAN SANTUN, DAN IRONI PARA PEJABAT DALAM PERISTIWA RAPAT DINAS DI LINGKUNGAN PEMKOT BERBUDAYA JAWA
Prayitno, H. J. (2010) · DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) · doi:10.23917/kls.v22i1.4364 · Cited by 8
The effects of psychological gender orientations on the perceived salience of conversational constraints
Kim, M., & Aune, K. S. (1997) · Sex Roles · doi:10.1007/bf02936348 · Cited by 8
A cross-cultural Study of Politeness Strategies Applied in Translations of English Requests as Face-threatening Acts into Persian
Yaqubi, M., & Afghari, A. (2011) · Modern Journal of Language Teaching Methods · Cited by 8
Questioning and Debating in UK and Ghanaian Parliamentary Discourse
Sarfo, E. (2016) · White Rose eTheses Online (University of Leeds, The University of Sheffield, University of York) · Cited by 8
Hedged Performatives in Spoken American English: A Discourse-oriented Analysis
Depraetere, I., & Kaltenböck, G. (2023) · Journal of English Linguistics · doi:10.1177/00754242231173419 · Cited by 9
Pragmatic Ambiguity, Implicatures, and Translation 1
Sabaté, P. F., & Payrató, L. (2023) · Studia Linguistica · doi:10.1111/stul.12219 · Cited by 7
The Effect of Expectation of Compliance on the Preferred Request Strategy: Cross-cultural and Situational Variation in Iranian and American Speech Communities
Abdolrezapour, P. (2012) · Australian Journal of Linguistics · doi:10.1080/07268602.2012.705580 · Cited by 7
“…that I wanted to investigate what linguists such as Leech (1983) or Brown and Levinson (1987 [1978]) argue for, i.e. a strong link between indirectness and politeness, which is rejected by Blum-Kulka (1987) and Blum-Kulka et al. (1989), who assert that such relationships do not always hold true.”
BackgroundInfluential
Politeness as Collective Facework: The Case of Swedish Jante Law
Scott, S. (2022) · Studies in symbolic interaction · doi:10.1108/s0163-239620220000056016 · Cited by 7
Pragmatic violations affect social inferences about the speaker
Beltrama, A., & Anna Papafragou, A. (2023) · Glossa Psycholinguistics · doi:10.5070/g601197 · Cited by 8
“…used by speakers to mitigate the tone of a request, and accordingly lead listeners to perceive the speaker as being especially tactful and polite – as also pointed out by Grice (1975) himself (see also Blum-Kulka, 1987; Brummernhenrich & Jucks, 2015; Kulka & Olshtain, 1984, for related proposals).”
Background
Variability of refusal in L2: evidence of L1 pragmalinguistic transfer and learner's idiosyncratic usage
Wijayanto, A. (2014) · International Journal of Applied Linguistics · doi:10.1111/ijal.12081 · Cited by 7
Gender and Politeness in Indian Emails
Kaul, A., & Kulkarni, V. (2010) · IGI Global eBooks · doi:10.4018/978-1-61520-773-2.ch025 · Cited by 7
Politeness strategies in Ugandan English: making requests and responding to thanks
Isingoma, B. (2021) · Brno Studies in English · doi:10.5817/bse2021-1-2 · Cited by 7
Cyberpragmatics: Complaints and the Collective Perspective
Olshtain, E., & Treger, I. (2023) · Contrastive Pragmatics · doi:10.1163/26660393-bja10069 · Cited by 7
“Blum-Kulka (1992) describes the study of politeness comprising both politeness and impoliteness, so in the case of the severity scale for complaints described above, the last two strategies (5) and (6) are in fact impolite.”
BackgroundInfluential
Imperatives as persuasion strategies in political discourse
Khafaga, A. F. (2023) · Linguistics Vanguard · doi:10.1515/lingvan-2021-0136 · Cited by 12
Polite Request Among the Akyem Speech Community in Ghana
Totimeh, E. O. (2015) · International Journal of Language and Linguistics · doi:10.11648/j.ijll.20150302.16 · Cited by 7
“The conventional indirectness is basically contextual preconditions which aid in performance and Blum-Kulka (1987) terms it as on-record indirectness.”
BackgroundInfluential
Iranian EFL Learners' Realization Of Complaints In American English
Abdolrezapour, P., Dabaghi, A., & Kassaian, Z. (2012) · GEMA Online Journal of Language Studies · Cited by 7
Behaviour regulation at the family dinner table. The use of and response to direct and indirect behaviour regulation in ten Swedish families
Brumark, Å. (2009) · Journal of Child Language · doi:10.1017/s0305000909990201 · Cited by 7
“…confusion with similar terms (e.g. ‘requests’ including for instance ‘permission directives’ in Ervin-Tripp (1976) or ‘control acts’ in ErvinTripp et al. (1990) and Blum-Kulka (1987; 1997)), and verbal or non-verbal responses to regulation, here termed OUTCOME (thus including cases of no response).”
Background
“¿Es normal que sea un poco difícil de leer la consigna?” La atenuación en las peticiones de hablantes no nativos de español
Marsily, A. (2018) · ELUA Estudios de Lingüística Universidad de Alicante · doi:10.14198/elua2018.anexo4.14 · Cited by 7
Politeness strategies and the representation of women in the Holy Qur’an
Al-Momani, K., Migdadi, F., & Rabab’a, E. (2018) · Intercultural Pragmatics · doi:10.1515/ip-2018-0012 · Cited by 7
Manipulation of perceived politeness in a web-based email discourse through a malicious browser extension
Sharevski, F., Treebridge, P., & Westbrook, J. P. (2019) · New Security Paradigms Workshop · doi:10.1145/3368860.3368863 · Cited by 7
“Politeness theory has been extensively tested in cross-cultural communication settings and suggests that the perceptions on imposition, power, and social distance vary between different cultures [7], [8], [12], [20].”
Background
Balancing power and solidarity through indirectness: A case study of Russian and Kazakh meeting chairs
Kulbayeva, A. (2020) · Journal of Politeness Research · doi:10.1515/pr-2017-0054 · Cited by 7
“Indirectness is one of the discursive strategies that can help to achieve this balance in everyday conversations (e. g., Blum-Kulka 1987; Tannen 1981; Sifianou 1993) and in the workplace (e. g., Tannen 2000; Kendall 2004).”
Background
Deriving politeness from an extended Lewisian model: The case of rising declaratives
Jeong, S. (2021) · Journal of Pragmatics · doi:10.1016/j.pragma.2021.02.017 · Cited by 7
Pragmatic Transfer and Development: Evidence from Efl Learners in China
Li, W. (2018) · Cited by 7
Mobilizing student compliance
Stevanovic, M. (2020) · Studies in language and social interaction · doi:10.1075/slsi.33.05ste · Cited by 7
A Questionnaire-based Comparative Study of Irish English and Polish Speech Act of Requesting
Bełza, A. (2009) · Cited by 7
Misunderstanding between Israelis and Soviet immigrants: Linguistic and cultural factors
Gershenson, O. (2003) · Multilingua · doi:10.1515/mult.2003.014 · Cited by 7
Intercultural Communication in the Workplace
Holmes, J. (2017) · doi:10.4324/9781315690001.ch27 · Cited by 7
Explicit and implicit (im)politeness: A corpus-based study of the Chinese formulaic expression “Nikezhen+X”
Wang, K., Zhou, L., & Zhang, S. (2023) · Lingua · doi:10.1016/j.lingua.2023.103560 · Cited by 6
Politeness strategies used by children in requests in relation to age and gender: a case study of Jordanian elementary school students
Al-Abbas, L. S. (2023) · Frontiers in Education · doi:10.3389/feduc.2023.1175599 · Cited by 15
Impolite orders in Ancient Greek?
Denizot, C. (2012) · Journal of Historical Pragmatics · doi:10.1075/jhp.13.1.05den · Cited by 6
Directness vs. indirectness
Marsily, A. (2018) · Languages in Contrast · doi:10.1075/lic.00006.mar · Cited by 6
POLITENESS IN LIBYAN POSTGRADUATE STUDENTS’ E-MAIL REQUESTS TOWARDS LECTURERS
Alsout, E. A. G., & Khedri, M. (2019) · Cited by 6
The persuasive effects of verbal anchoring and visual complexity
Bünzli, F., & Dillard, J. P. (2022) · Journal of Visual Literacy · doi:10.1080/1051144x.2022.2053817 · Cited by 6
“The act of filling in the gaps makes readers more willing to accept the message because they can draw their own conclusions (Blum-Kulka, 1987; O’Keefe, 1997).”
Background
Verbal Uncertainty
Juanchich, M., Sirota, M., & Bonnefon, J. (2019) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198791768.013.2 · Cited by 6
Metonymy
Schumacher, P. B. (2019) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198791768.013.25 · Cited by 7
Communication goals: Individual differences between Korean and American speakers
Kim, M.-S., & Kim, H. (1997) · Personality and Individual Differences · doi:10.1016/s0191-8869(97)00046-9 · Cited by 6
A cross-sectional study of request perspective use among Iranian EFL learners
Sa’d, S. H. T., & Mohammadi, M. (2014) · International Journal of Research Studies in Language Learning · doi:10.5861/ijrsll.2014.656 · Cited by 6
An Investigation into Pragmatic Knowledge in the Reading Section of TOLIMO, TOEFL, and IELTS Examinations
Karbalaei, A., & Rahmanzade, M. K. (2015) · English Language Teaching · doi:10.5539/elt.v8n5p208 · Cited by 6
“In probing into directness/indirectness and its effect on politeness, Blum-Kulka (1987) concludes that direct strategies are often taken as impolite since they lack a concern for face.”
Background
A cross-cultural gender analysis of the pragmatic functions of conceptual metaphor in Spanish and English newspapers
Hernández, L. P. (2016) · Text and Talk · doi:10.1515/text-2016-0023 · Cited by 6
“This is also in accordance with contemporary contrastive studies which have found English moreprone to theuseof indirectness strategies thanSpanish (Blum-Kulka 1987).”
BackgroundResult
Discursive strategies in political speech: The words of Dr. Bingu Wa Mutharika
Green, C. R. (2008) · Cited by 6
Cortesía verbal y competencia lingüística: la petición cortés como tradición discursiva
Schrott, A. (2017) · Normas · doi:10.7203/normas.7.10432 · Cited by 6
Japanese honorifics re-re-visited
Obana, Y. (2017) · Journal of Politeness Research · doi:10.1515/pr-2016-0022 · Cited by 6
Conversation across cultures
Bowe, H., Martin, K., & Manns, H. (2014) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9781107445680.009 · Cited by 6
A sociolinguistic analysis of face-threat and face-management in potential complaint situations
Hartley, L. (1998) · Digital Commons - George Fox University (George Fox University) · doi:10.25335/m5bk16s63 · Cited by 6
A Indeterminação do Significado nos Estudos Sócio-Pragmáticos: Divergências Teórico-Metodológicas
Martins, C. (2002) · DELTA Documentação de Estudos em Lingüística Teórica e Aplicada · doi:10.1590/s0102-44502002000100004 · Cited by 6
Complaining and commiserating: A speech act view of solidarity in spoken American English
DuFon, M. A. (1995) · Journal of Pragmatics · doi:10.1016/0378-2166(95)90021-7 · Cited by 6
Request Strategies in Contemporary Chinese Teledramas—A Corpus-based Study
Wang, S. (2011) · Theory and Practice in Language Studies · doi:10.4304/tpls.1.9.1139-1149 · Cited by 8
“It is related to, but by no means coextensive with, politeness (Blum-Kulka, 1987, p.131-146).”
Background
Modelling linguistic politeness (II): Brown and Levinson and their critics
Watts, R. J. (2003) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511615184.005 · Cited by 6
Chapter 8. Indirect ritual offence – A study on elusive impoliteness
Kádár, D. Z. (2017) · Pragmatics & beyond. New series · doi:10.1075/pbns.276.08kad · Cited by 5
A multifunctional analysis of off-record indirectness in Chinese interactions
Zhou, L., & Zhang, S. (2021) · Language Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.langsci.2021.101459 · Cited by 5
Indirectness and effectiveness of requests in professional emails
Atifi, H., & Marcoccia, M. (2020) · Pragmatics & beyond. New series · doi:10.1075/pbns.316.07ati · Cited by 5
Politeness in Online Educational Discourse: Exploring Relational Work Strategies in Online Teacher-Student Interactions
Zhang, Q. (2022) · Open Journal of Social Sciences · doi:10.4236/jss.2022.107021 · Cited by 5
Modal may in requests
Elsweiler, C. (2023) · Journal of Historical Pragmatics · doi:10.1075/jhp.20013.els · Cited by 5
The manifestation of interlanguage pragmatics in direct and indirect request strategies used by international students
Oktavia, D., Bátyi, S., Mukminin, A., et al. (2023) · Studies in English Language and Education · doi:10.24815/siele.v10i3.27548 · Cited by 5
“Meanwhile, directness and indirectness are two separate strategies in communication (Blum-Kulka, 1987; Linh, 2015).”
Background
Conversation analysis of e-mail requests by second language speakers
Iimuro, A. (2006) · ScholarSpace (University of Hawaii at Manoa) · Cited by 5
A Comparative Study on the Three Versions of Mainstream English Textbooks of New Curriculum for the Senior High School in China
Xu, K. (2016) · Higher education of social science · doi:10.3968/n
Disaffiliation and Pragmatic Strategies of Emotive Communication in a Multiparty Online Conflict Talk
Bonelli, L. (2015) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-14081-0_9 · Cited by 5
THE PRAGMATIC INSTRUCTION EFFECTS ON PERSIAN EFL LEARNERS’ NOTICING AND LEARNING OUTCOMES IN REQUEST FORMS
Malaz, I., Rabiee, M., & Saeid, K. (2011) · DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) · doi:10.22061/tej.2011.282 · Cited by 5
Speech acts in Ugandan English social letters
Meierkord, C. (2016) · Varieties of English around the world. General series · doi:10.1075/veaw.g59.10mei · Cited by 5
The Power of Directive Speech Acts in EFL Classroom Interaction
Sulistyani, S. (2018) · International Conference on English Language Teaching (ICONELT) · doi:10.2991/iconelt-17.2018.4 · Cited by 5
“In reference to the two different interpretation above, [7] statements may apply in which he says that “tipping the balance in favor of either pragmatic clarity or non-coerciveness will decrease politeness; thus, direct strategies can be perceived as impolite because they indicate a lack of concern with face, and nonc…”
Background
A Pragmatic Analysis of Requests in Irish English and Russian
McCarthy, M. M. (2018) · TEANGA the Journal of the Irish Association for Applied Linguistics · doi:10.35903/teanga.v25i0.54 · Cited by 5
“However, indirectness does not equate to politeness and it has been shown that the two are perceived differently in requests (Blum-Kulka, 1987; Marti, 2006).”
Background
Theory of Mind
Rubio‐Fernández, P. (2019) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198791768.013.23 · Cited by 6
VERBAL VIOLENCE PERFORMED BY SUPPORTERS’ GROUP OF GUBERNATORIAL CANDIDATES IN THE POLITICAL DISCOURSE OF JAKARTA ELECTION
Mustika, T. P., Agustina, A., & Ramadhan, S. (2019) · Humanus · doi:10.24036/humanus.v18i1.9081 · Cited by 5
EXPRESSIVE SPEECH ACTS IN THE STATUSES OF THE FACEBOOK USERS
Syafitri, W. (2020) · Paradigm Journal of Language and Literary Studies · doi:10.18860/prdg.v3i1.8056 · Cited by 5
Plurality
Tieu, L., & Romoli, J. (2019) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198791768.013.22 · Cited by 5
Distributivity
Syrett, K. (2019) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198791768.013.14 · Cited by 5
Politeness Strategies in Remindings A Cross-cultural Study of Iranian EFL learners and Americans
Farnia, M., & Yazdani, E. (2018) · Journal of Intercultural Communication · doi:10.36923/jicc.v18i1.752 · Cited by 5
Politeness Devices in the Tuvan Language
Voinov, V. (2016) · doi:10.2307/j.ctvc5pgb9 · Cited by 5

Authors: Blum-Kulka, S.
Venue: Journal of Pragmatics
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 1987-04
Volume: 11
Issue: 2
Pages: 131-146
ISSN: 0378-2166 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/0378-2166(87)90192-5
OpenAlex: W1974543382
Cited by: 891
References: 31
Citations by year: 2026: 17 · 2025: 56 · 2024: 30 · 2023: 34 · 2022: 33 · 2021: 58 · 2020: 39 · 2019: 66 · 2018: 71 · 2017: 41 · 2016: 46 · 2015: 43 · 2014: 38 · 2013: 22 · 2012: 30
FWCI: 29.36
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
www.elsevier.com/legal/tdmrep-license (tdm)
Locations: Journal of Pragmatics (publishedVersion)
Topics: Social Sciences › Arts and Humanities › Language and Linguistics › Language, Discourse, Communication Strategies
Social Sciences › Arts and Humanities › Language and Linguistics › Linguistics and Language Analysis
Social Sciences › Arts and Humanities › Language and Linguistics › Syntax, Semantics, Linguistic Variation
Keywords: indirectness, politeness, requests, politeness theory, coerciveness, face, hints, Hebrew language, English language

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

Indirectness and politeness in requests: Same or different?

Overview

Integrity signals

Verification

Claims the paper makes

Citations

Cites

Cited by

Related

Metadata

Record

About these checks