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Material derived from hydrothermal carbonization: Effects on plant growth and arbuscular mycorrhiza
Abstract
Greenhouse gas mitigation options include the production of carbonized materials and their addition to soils for longer term storage. Hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) is a novel way to produce carbonized materials. The goal here was to test if HTC material, in our case derived from beet root chips, has adverse effects on plant growth or that of root associated symbionts such as arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. We carried out several studies, and found that increasing concentrations of HTC material could be deleterious for plant growth of Taraxacum, starting at 10vol% additions. Conversely, root colonization of the fungal symbiont was stimulated at an addition of 20vol%. Soil pH changes occurring during the study could be traced to microbial reduction reactions, and these led to a pH increase of the medium despite the quite acidic nature of the HTC material itself. In separate assays, we showed that spore germination of the AM fungus Glomus intraradices was stimulated by the HTC material, suggesting that direct effects on the fungi are likely in addition to those mediated by the host plant. A third experiment with a different plant species (Trifolium repens) confirmed the major conclusions, and showed also neutral to stimulatory effect on nodulation. Our results suggest that HTC materials should be carefully tested and optimized to reduce negative effects on plant growth before applications in the field are undertaken, particularly at high addition rates.
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In the citing paper
“Whereas a meta-analysis found no significant increase in mycorrhizal colonization in biochar amended soils (Biederman and Harpole, 2013), many studies, including more recent ones, have shown that biochar application promotes root colonization by mycorrhizal fungi (Warnock et al., 2007;Rillig et al., 2010;Vanek and Lehmann, 2015;Cobb et al., 2018).”
From Comparing straw, compost, and biochar regarding their suitability as agricultural soil amendments to affect soil structure, nutrient leaching, microbial communities, and the fate of pesticides (2021) · cites this paper as Rillig et al., 2010
In the citing paper
“Rillig et al. (2010) noticed the positive outcomes on the colonization of arbuscular mycorrhiza fungi and pore germination at 20% loading of hydrochar derived from beetroot chips in soil [84].”
From Hydrochar: A Review on Its Production Technologies and Applications (2021) · cites this paper as [84]
In the citing paper
“Due to the presence of these functionalities on the surface, the water holding capacity, cation exchange capacity, and nutrient retention capacity would increase significantly [84,85].”
From Hydrochar: A Review on Its Production Technologies and Applications (2021) · cites this paper as [84]
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Metadata
- Authors
- Rillig, M. C., Wagner, M., Salem, M., Antunes, P. M., George, C., Ramke, H.-G., Titirici, M.-M., & Antonietti, M.
- Affiliations
- Freie Universität Berlin (DE)
- Ostwestfalen-Lippe University of Applied Sciences and Arts (DE)
- Max Planck Society (DE)
- Corresponding author
- Rillig, Matthias C.
- Venue
- Applied Soil Ecology
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2010-07
- Volume
- 45
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 238-242
- ISSN
- 0929-1393 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2138213853
- Cited by
- 320
- References
- 30
- Citations by year
- 2026: 11 · 2025: 14 · 2024: 14 · 2023: 13 · 2022: 19 · 2021: 23 · 2020: 28 · 2019: 23 · 2018: 20 · 2017: 21 · 2016: 21 · 2015: 23 · 2014: 32 · 2013: 25 · 2012: 23
- FWCI
- 22.30
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Applied Soil Ecology (publishedVersion)
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics (submittedVersion)
- Max Planck Digital Library (submittedVersion)
- MPG.PuRe (Max Planck Society) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Deutsche Bundesstiftung Umwelt
- Freie Universität Berlin
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Plant Science › Mycorrhizal Fungi and Plant Interactions
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Soil Science › Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Dynamics
- Physical Sciences › Energy › Fuel Technology › Thermochemical Biomass Conversion Processes
- Keywords
- hydrothermal carbonization, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, plant growth, soil amendment, soil pH, microbial reduction, Glomus intraradices, spore germination, root colonization, white clover, nodulation, greenhouse gas emissions reduction, soil carbon storage
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