Cited by 183Fatty Acid Research and HealthNutritional Studies and DietAquaculture Nutrition and Growth

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 51 of the 52 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

The Omega-3 Index and relative risk for coronary heart disease mortality: Estimation from 10 cohort studies

Harris, William S., Del Gobbo, Liana, Tintle, Nathan L.·2017·Atherosclerosis

DOI 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2017.05.007

Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Abstract

Background and aims A recent 19-cohort meta-analysis examined the relationships between biomarkers of omega-3 fatty acids and risk for coronary heart disease (CHD). That study did not, however, report hazard ratios (HRs) specifically as a function of erythrocyte eicosapentaenoic (EPA) plus docosahexaenoic (DHA) levels, a metric called the Omega-3 Index in which EPA + DHA content is expressed as a percent of total fatty acids. The Omega-3 Index has been used in several recent studies and is a validated biomarker of omega-3 fatty acid tissue levels, but additional data are needed to confirm (or refute) the originally-proposed clinical cut-points of Methods The present study was therefore undertaken using published data from this meta-analysis to estimate HRs per 1-SD increase in the Omega-3 Index and median quintile values for this metric across 10 of the cohorts for which the needed data were available. Results The overall mean (SD) for the Omega-3 Index in these 10 cohort studies was 6.1% (2.1%), and the HR for a 1-SD increase was 0.85 (95% confidence interval, 0.80-0.91). Median quintile 1 and 5 levels were 4.2% vs. 8.3%, respectively. Based on these values, we estimate that risk for fatal CHD would have been reduced by about 30% moving from an Omega-3 Index of 4%-8%. Conclusions These findings support the use of 8% as reasonable therapeutic targets for the Omega-3 Index.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2017.05.007

Cites

51 of 51 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Recomputing p-values needs the paper’s full text.

Claims the paper makes

This paper’s full text isn’t openly available, so its claims and self-check weren’t run. The registry and citation checks still apply.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis: Objectives and Design
Bild, D. E. (2002) · American Journal of Epidemiology · doi:10.1093/aje/kwf113 · Cited by 3,942
The Cardiovascular Health Study: design and rationale.
Fried, L. P., Borhani, N. O., Enright, P., Furberg, C. D., Gardin, J. M., Kronmal, R. A., Kuller, L. H., Manolio, T. A., Mittelmark, M. B., Newman, A., et al. (1991) · Annals of Epidemiology · doi:10.1016/1047-2797(91)90005-w · Cited by 3,652
Prospective study of alcohol consumption and risk of coronary disease in men.
Rimm, E. B., Giovannucci, E. L., Willett, W. C., Colditz, G. A., Ascherio, A., Rosner, B., & Stampfer, M. J. (1991) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/0140-6736(91)90542-w · Cited by 1,239
Blood Levels of Long-Chain n–3 Fatty Acids and the Risk of Sudden Death
Albert, C. M., Campos, H., Stampfer, M. J., Ridker, P. M., Manson, J. E., Willett, W. C., & Ma, J. (2002) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa012918 · Cited by 1,146
Association of Dietary, Circulating, and Supplement Fatty Acids With Coronary Risk: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Chowdhury, R., Warnakula, S., Kunutsor, S., Crowe, F., Ward, H. A., Johnson, L., Franco, O. H., Butterworth, A. S., Forouhi, N. G., Thompson, S. G., et al. (2014) · Annals of Internal Medicine · doi:10.7326/m13-1788 · Cited by 1,139
The Omega-3 Index: A new risk factor for death from coronary heart disease?
Harris, W. S., & von Schacky, C. (2004) · Preventive Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.ypmed.2004.02.030 · Cited by 1,111
Self-citation
Dietary intake and cell membrane levels of long-chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and the risk of primary cardiac arrest.
Siscovick, D. S. (1995) · JAMA: The Journal of the American Medical Association · doi:10.1001/jama.1995.03530170043030 · Cited by 920
EPIC-Norfolk: study design and characteristics of the cohort. European Prospective Investigation of Cancer.
Day, N., Oakes, S., Luben, R., Khaw, K., Bingham, S., Welch, A., & Wareham, N. (1999) · Nature · doi:10.17863/cam.89388 · Cited by 780
Dietary fat and the risk of breast cancer.
Willett, W. C., Stampfer, M. J., Colditz, G. A., Rosner, B. A., Hennekens, C. H., & Speizer, F. E. (1987) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm198701013160105 · Cited by 534
Global survey of the omega-3 fatty acids, docosahexaenoic acid and eicosapentaenoic acid in the blood stream of healthy adults
Stark, K. D., Van Elswyk, M. E., Higgins, M. R., Weatherford, C. A., & Salem, N. (2016) · Progress in Lipid Research · doi:10.1016/j.plipres.2016.05.001 · Cited by 519

Show all 52 references

Sorted by citations

Beneficial Outcomes of Omega-6 and Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids on Human Health: An Update for 2021
Djuricic, I. D., & Calder, P. C. (2021) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu13072421 · Cited by 1,094
Marine Omega-3 (N-3) Fatty Acids for Cardiovascular Health: An Update for 2020
Innes, J. K., & Calder, P. C. (2020) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms21041362 · Cited by 408
The Differential Effects of Eicosapentaenoic Acid and Docosahexaenoic Acid on Cardiometabolic Risk Factors: A Systematic Review
Innes, J. K., & Calder, P. C. (2018) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms19020532 · Cited by 202
Therapeutic potential of omega-3 fatty acid-derived epoxyeicosanoids in cardiovascular and inflammatory diseases
Schunck, W., Konkel, A., Fischer, R., & Weylandt, K. H. (2017) · Pharmacology & Therapeutics · doi:10.1016/j.pharmthera.2017.10.016 · Cited by 211
The n-3 docosapentaenoic acid (DPA): A new player in the n-3 long chain polyunsaturated fatty acid family
Drouin, G., Rioux, V., & Legrand, P. (2019) · Biochimie · doi:10.1016/j.biochi.2019.01.022 · Cited by 167
The Omega-6:Omega-3 ratio: A critical appraisal and possible successor
Harris, W. S. (2018) · Prostaglandins Leukotrienes and Essential Fatty Acids · doi:10.1016/j.plefa.2018.03.003 · Cited by 153
Self-citation
Erythrocyte long-chain omega-3 fatty acid levels are inversely associated with mortality and with incident cardiovascular disease: The Framingham Heart Study
Harris, W. S., Tintle, N., Etherton, M. R., & Vasan, R. S. (2018) · Journal of clinical lipidology · doi:10.1016/j.jacl.2018.02.010 · Cited by 149
Self-citation
Omega-3 world map: 2024 update
Schuchardt, J. P., Beinhorn, P., Hu, X. F., Chan, H. M., Roke, K., Bernasconi, A. A., Hahn, A., Sala‐Vila, A., Stark, K. D., & Harris, W. S. (2024) · Progress in Lipid Research · doi:10.1016/j.plipres.2024.101286 · Cited by 107
Self-citation
Fatty Acids and Cardiovascular Risk. Evidence, Lack of Evidence, and Diligence
Visioli, F., & Poli, A. (2020) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu12123782 · Cited by 106
Pros and Cons of Long-Chain Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in Cardiovascular Health
Djuricic, I. D., & Calder, P. C. (2023) · The Annual Review of Pharmacology and Toxicology · doi:10.1146/annurev-pharmtox-051921-090208 · Cited by 107
Predicting the effects of supplemental EPA and DHA on the omega-3 index
Walker, R. E., Jackson, K. H., Tintle, N. L., Shearer, G. C., Bernasconi, A., Masson, S., Latini, R., Heydari, B., Kwong, R. Y., Flock, M., et al. (2019) · The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1093/ajcn/nqz161 · Cited by 93
Self-citation
Resolution metabolomes activated by hypoxic environment
Norris, P. C., Libreros, S., & Serhan, C. N. (2019) · Science Advances · doi:10.1126/sciadv.aax4895 · Cited by 87
Mechanisms Preserving Insulin Action during High Dietary Fat Intake
Lundsgaard, A., Holm, J. B., Sjøberg, K. A., Bojsen-Møller, K. N., Myrmel, L. S., Fjære, E., Jensen, B. A. H., Nicolaisen, T. S., Hingst, J. R., Hansen, S. L., et al. (2018) · Cell Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.cmet.2018.08.022 · Cited by 85
Indicators and Recommendations for Assessing Sustainable Healthy Diets
Aldaya, M. M., Ibáñez, F. C., Domínguez-Lacueva, P., Murillo-Arbizu, M. T., Rubio-Varas, M., Soret, B., & Beriain, M. J. (2021) · Foods · doi:10.3390/foods10050999 · Cited by 76
Association of reported fish intake and supplementation status with the omega-3 index
Jackson, K. H., Polreis, J., Tintle, N., Kris‐Etherton, P. M., & Harris, W. S. (2019) · Prostaglandins Leukotrienes and Essential Fatty Acids · doi:10.1016/j.plefa.2019.01.002 · Cited by 66
Self-citation
Sturgeon, Caviar, and Caviar Substitutes: From Production, Gastronomy, Nutrition, and Quality Change to Trade and Commercial Mimicry
Tavakoli, S., Luo, Y., Regenstein, J. M., Daneshvar, E., Bhatnagar, A., Tan, Y., & Hong, H. (2021) · Reviews in Fisheries Science & Aquaculture · doi:10.1080/23308249.2021.1873244 · Cited by 65
Fish intake, n-3 fatty acid body status, and risk of cognitive decline: a systematic review and a dose–response meta-analysis of observational and experimental studies
Kosti, R. I., Kasdagli, M., Kyrozis, A., Orsini, N., Λάγιου, Π., Taiganidou, F., & Naska, A. (2021) · Nutrition Reviews · doi:10.1093/nutrit/nuab078 · Cited by 63
Dietary and Pharmacological Fatty Acids and Cardiovascular Health
Wu, H., Xu, L., & Ballantyne, C. M. (2020) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/clinem/dgz174 · Cited by 59
Metabolic indices of polyunsaturated fatty acids: current evidence, research controversies, and clinical utility
Davinelli, S., Intrieri, M., Corbi, G., & Scapagnini, G. (2020) · Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition · doi:10.1080/10408398.2020.1724871 · Cited by 57
The Omega-3 Index in National Collegiate Athletic Association Division I Collegiate Football Athletes
Anzalone, A. J., Carbuhn, A. F., Jones, L. K., Gallop, A., Smith, A. G., Johnson, P., Swearingen, L., Moore, C., Rimer, E. G., McBeth, J., et al. (2019) · Journal of Athletic Training · doi:10.4085/1062-6050-387-18 · Cited by 57
Self-citation
Docosahexaenoic acid lowers cardiac mitochondrial enzyme activity by replacing linoleic acid in the phospholipidome
Sullivan, E. M., Pennington, E. R., Sparagna, G. C., Torres, M. J., Neufer, P. D., Harris, M., Washington, J., Anderson, E. J., Zeczycki, T. N., Brown, D. A., et al. (2017) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.m117.812834 · Cited by 52
The effect of omega-3 fatty acids on a biomarker of head trauma in NCAA football athletes: a multi-site, non-randomized study
Heileson, J. L., Anzalone, A. J., Carbuhn, A. F., Askow, A. T., Stone, J. D., Turner, S. M., Hillyer, L. M., David, W. L., Luedke, J. A., Jagim, A. R., et al. (2021) · Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition · doi:10.1186/s12970-021-00461-1 · Cited by 50
Omega-3 Fatty Acids in Cardiovascular Disease and Diabetes: a Review of Recent Evidence
Bhat, S. Z., Sarkar, S., Zaffar, D., Dandona, P., & Kalyani, R. R. (2023) · Current Cardiology Reports · doi:10.1007/s11886-022-01831-0 · Cited by 51
Dietary and Biological Assessment of the Omega-3 Status of Collegiate Athletes: A Cross-Sectional Analysis
Ritz, P. P., Rogers, M. B., Zabinsky, J. S., Hedrick, V. E., Rockwell, J., Rimer, E. G., Kostelnik, S. B., Hulver, M. W., & Rockwell, M. S. (2020) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0228834 · Cited by 54
Investigating the Neuroprotective Effect of Oral Omega-3 Fatty Acid Supplementation in Type 1 Diabetes (nPROOFS1): A Randomized Placebo-Controlled Trial
Britten‐Jones, A. C., Kamel, J. T., Roberts, L. J., Braat, S., Craig, J. P., MacIsaac, R. J., & Downie, L. E. (2021) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/db21-0136 · Cited by 46
Omega-3 fatty acids attenuate cardiovascular effects of short-term exposure to ambient air pollution
Chen, H., Zhang, S., Shen, W., Salazar, C., Schneider, A. E., Wyatt, L. H., Rappold, A. G., Díaz-Sánchez, D., Devlin, R. B., Samet, J. M., et al. (2022) · Particle and Fibre Toxicology · doi:10.1186/s12989-022-00451-4 · Cited by 45
Microalgae biomass intake positively modulates serum lipid profile and antioxidant status
do Nascimento, T. C., Cazarin, C. B. B., Maróstica, M. R., Risso, É. M., Amaya‐Farfán, J., Grimaldi, R., Mercadante, A. Z., Lopes, E. J., & Zepka, L. Q. (2019) · Journal of Functional Foods · doi:10.1016/j.jff.2019.04.047 · Cited by 46
A More Comprehensive Approach to the Neuroprotective Potential of Long-Chain Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in Preterm Infants Is Needed—Should We Consider Maternal Diet and the n-6:n-3 Fatty Acid Ratio?
Klevebro, S., Juul, S. E., & Wood, T. R. (2020) · Frontiers in Pediatrics · doi:10.3389/fped.2019.00533 · Cited by 40
Impact of Blood or Erythrocyte Membrane Fatty Acids for Disease Risk Prediction: Focusing on Cardiovascular Disease and Chronic Kidney Disease
Kim, O. Y., Lee, S. M., & An, W. S. (2018) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu10101454 · Cited by 37
Omega-3 index and blood pressure responses to eating foods naturally enriched with omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids: a randomized controlled trial
Stanton, A. V., James, K., Brennan, M. M., O’Donovan, F., Buskandar, F., Shortall, K., El-Sayed, T., Kennedy, J., Hayes, H., Fahey, A. G., et al. (2020) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-020-71801-5 · Cited by 37
The differential effects of eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid on cardiovascular risk factors: an updated systematic review of randomized controlled trials
Choi, G. Y., & Calder, P. C. (2024) · Frontiers in Nutrition · doi:10.3389/fnut.2024.1423228 · Cited by 36
Eating more sardines instead of fish oil supplementation: Beyond omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, a matrix of nutrients with cardiovascular benefits
Santos, H. O., May, T. L., & Bueno, A. A. (2023) · Frontiers in Nutrition · doi:10.3389/fnut.2023.1107475 · Cited by 41
Blood Fatty Acid Profiles: New Biomarkers for Cardiometabolic Disease Risk
Jackson, K. H., & Harris, W. S. (2018) · Current Atherosclerosis Reports · doi:10.1007/s11883-018-0722-1 · Cited by 37
Self-citation
Cardioprotective effects of CYP-derived epoxy metabolites of docosahexaenoic acid involve limiting NLRP3 inflammasome activation
Darwesh, A. M., Jamieson, K. L., Wang, C., Samokhvalov, V., & Seubert, J. M. (2018) · Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology · doi:10.1139/cjpp-2018-0480 · Cited by 35
Comparison of the Fatty Acid and Triglyceride Profiles of Big Eye Tuna (Thunnus obesus), Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) and Bighead Carp (Aristichthysnobilis) Heads
Zhang, J., Tao, N., Zhao, Y., Wang, X., & Wang, M. (2019) · Molecules · doi:10.3390/molecules24213983 · Cited by 34
Strategies to improve bioavailability of omega-3 fatty acids from ethyl ester concentrates
Maki, K. C., & Dicklin, M. R. (2018) · Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition & Metabolic Care · doi:10.1097/mco.0000000000000537 · Cited by 35
Application of metabolomics part II: Focus on fatty acids and their metabolites in healthy adults
Tsoukalas, D., Alegakis, A. K., Fragkiadaki, P., Papakonstantinou, E., Τσιλιμιδός, Γ., Geraci, F., Sarandi, E., Nikitovic, D., Spandidos, D. A., & Tsatsakis, A. M. (2018) · International Journal of Molecular Medicine · doi:10.3892/ijmm.2018.3989 · Cited by 36
Dietary and Circulating Long-Chain Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids and Mortality Risk after Myocardial Infarction: A Long-Term Follow-up of the Alpha Omega Cohort
Pertiwi, K., Küpers, L. K., de Goede, J., Zock, P. L., Kromhout, D., & Geleijnse, J. M. (2021) · Journal of the American Heart Association · doi:10.1161/jaha.121.022617 · Cited by 32
Diet, Plasma, Erythrocytes, and Spermatozoa Fatty Acid Composition Changes in Young Vegan Men
Chamorro, R., González, M. F., Aliaga, R., Gengler, V., Balladares, C., Barrera, C. R., Bascuñán, K. A., Bazinet, R. P., & Valenzuela, R. (2020) · Lipids · doi:10.1002/lipd.12265 · Cited by 31
Sea Change for Marine Omega-3s
O'Keefe, E. L., Harris, W. S., DiNicolantonio, J. J., Elagizi, A., Milani, R. V., Lavie, C. J., & O'Keefe, J. H. (2019) · Mayo Clinic Proceedings · doi:10.1016/j.mayocp.2019.04.027 · Cited by 28
Self-citation
ω-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Status Testing in Humans: A Narrative Review of Commercially Available Options
Dicklin, M. R., Anthony, J. C., Winters, B., & Maki, K. C. (2024) · Journal of Nutrition · doi:10.1016/j.tjnut.2024.03.015 · Cited by 32
Plasma BDNF is a more reliable biomarker than erythrocyte omega-3 index for the omega-3 fatty acid enrichment of brain
Dhavamani, S., Yalagala, P. C. R., & Subbaiah, P. V. (2020) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-020-67868-9 · Cited by 28
Healthy Eating Index and Nutrition Biomarkers among Army Soldiers and Civilian Control Group Indicate an Intervention Is Necessary to Raise Omega-3 Index and Vitamin D and Improve Diet Quality
Rittenhouse, M. A., Scott, J. M., & Deuster, P. A. (2020) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu13010122 · Cited by 26
Interassociation Consensus Statement on Sports Nutrition Models for the Provision of Nutrition Services From Registered Dietitian Nutritionists in Collegiate Athletics
Lambert, V., Carbuhn, A. F., Culp, A., Ketterly, J., Twombley, B., & White, D. A. (2022) · Journal of Athletic Training · doi:10.4085/1062-6050-0157.22 · Cited by 27
Potentially Beneficial Effects on Healthy Aging by Supplementation of the EPA-Rich Microalgae Phaeodactylum tricornutum or Its Supernatant—A Randomized Controlled Pilot Trial in Elderly Individuals
Stiefvatter, L., Frick, K., Lehnert, K., Vetter, W., Montoya‐Arroyo, A., Frank, J., Schmid‐Staiger, U., & Bischoff, S. C. (2022) · Marine Drugs · doi:10.3390/md20110716 · Cited by 28
Preliminary Validation of a Food Frequency Questionnaire to Assess Long-Chain Omega-3 Fatty Acid Intake in Eye Care Practice
Britten‐Jones, A. C., & Downie, L. E. (2019) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu11040817 · Cited by 25
Cross-sectional study of the combined associations of dietary and supplemental eicosapentaenoic acid + docosahexaenoic acid on Omega-3 Index
McDonnell, S. L., French, C., Baggerly, C. A., & Harris, W. S. (2019) · Nutrition Research · doi:10.1016/j.nutres.2019.09.001 · Cited by 27
Self-citation
A Novel Self-Micro-Emulsifying Delivery System Enhances Enrichment of Eicosapentaenoic Acid and Docosahexaenoic Acid after Single and Repeated Dosing in Healthy Adults in a Randomized Trial
West, A. L., Kindberg, G. M., Hustvedt, S. O., & Calder, P. C. (2018) · Journal of Nutrition · doi:10.1093/jn/nxy127 · Cited by 25
Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and corneal nerve health: Current evidence and future directions
Britten‐Jones, A. C., Craig, J. P., & Downie, L. E. (2022) · The Ocular Surface · doi:10.1016/j.jtos.2022.10.006 · Cited by 24
Age-associated changes in circulatory fatty acids: new insights on adults and long-lived individuals
Alì, S., Aiello, A., Zotti, T., Accardi, G., Cardinale, G., Vito, P., Calabrò, A., Ligotti, M. E., Intrieri, M., Corbi, G., et al. (2022) · GeroScience · doi:10.1007/s11357-022-00696-z · Cited by 26
Validation of a Dietary Questionnaire to Screen Omega-3 Fatty Acids Levels in Healthy Adults
Shen, W., Weaver, A. M., Salazar, C., Samet, J. M., Díaz-Sánchez, D., & Tong, H. (2019) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu11071470 · Cited by 23
Global variations in omega-3 fatty acid status and omega-6:omega-3 ratios: insights from > 500,000 whole-blood dried blood spot samples
Torrissen, M., Gisslevik, E., Gundersen, T. E., Bolstad, T., Eide, O., Rizzo, A. M., Clayton, P., & Robertson, C. M. (2025) · Lipids in Health and Disease · doi:10.1186/s12944-025-02676-6 · Cited by 24
n-3 PUFAs improve erythrocyte fatty acid profile in patients with small AAA: a randomized controlled trial[S]
Meital, L. T., Windsor, M. T., Jewell, R. M. L. R., Young, P., Schulze, K., Magee, R., O’Donnell, J., Jha, P. K., Perissiou, M., Golledge, J., et al. (2019) · Journal of Lipid Research · doi:10.1194/jlr.p093013 · Cited by 18
Effects of a Self–micro-emulsifying Delivery System Formulation Versus a Standard ω-3 Acid Ethyl Ester Product on the Bioavailability of Eicosapentaenoic Acid and Docosahexaenoic Acid: A Study in Healthy Men and Women in a Fasted State
Maki, K. C., Palacios, O. M., Buggia, M., Trivedi, R., Dicklin, M. R., & Maki, C. E. (2018) · Clinical Therapeutics · doi:10.1016/j.clinthera.2018.10.014 · Cited by 22
Association between systemic omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid levels, and corneal nerve structure and function
Britten‐Jones, A. C., Craig, J. P., Anderson, A. J., & Downie, L. E. (2022) · Eye · doi:10.1038/s41433-022-02259-0 · Cited by 21
Eating Sturgeon: An Endangered Delicacy
Raposo, A., Alturki, H. A., Alkutbe, R. B., & Raheem, D. (2023) · Sustainability · doi:10.3390/su15043511 · Cited by 21
Association between blood N-3 fatty acid levels and the risk of coronavirus disease 2019 in the UK Biobank
Harris, W. S., Tintle, N., Sathyanarayanan, S. P., & Westra, J. (2023) · American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1016/j.ajcnut.2022.11.011 · Cited by 21
Self-citation
Comparison of Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids bioavailability in fish oil and krill oil: Network Meta-analyses
Pham, T.-P.-T., Hoang, T.-V., Cao, P.-T.-N., Le, T.-T.-D., Ho, V.-T.-N., Vu, T.-M.-H., Le, T.-H.-T., Pham, H.-T.-X., Tran, T.-T., Mafruhah, O. R., et al. (2024) · Food Chemistry X · doi:10.1016/j.fochx.2024.101880 · Cited by 20
Effects of 12 Wk of Omega-3 Fatty Acid Supplementation in Long-Distance Runners
Tomczyk, M., Jost, Z., Chroboczek, M., Urbański, R., Calder, P. C., Fisk, H. L., SPRENGEL, M., & Antosiewicz, J. (2022) · Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise · doi:10.1249/mss.0000000000003038 · Cited by 26
Omega-3 fatty acids in primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular diseases
Tutor, A. W., O’Keefe, E. L., Lavie, C. J., Elagizi, A., Milani, R. V., & O’Keefe, J. H. (2024) · Progress in Cardiovascular Diseases · doi:10.1016/j.pcad.2024.03.009 · Cited by 25
Omega-3 (n-3) Fatty Acid–Statin Interaction: Evidence for a Novel Therapeutic Strategy for Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease
Djuricic, I. D., & Calder, P. C. (2024) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu16070962 · Cited by 21
Intra-individual variability of long-chain fatty acids (C12–C24) in plasma and red blood cells
Yuzyuk, T. N., Lozier, B. K., Schwarz, E. L., Viau, K., Kish‐Trier, E., & Biase, I. D. (2018) · Prostaglandins Leukotrienes and Essential Fatty Acids · doi:10.1016/j.plefa.2018.06.006 · Cited by 19
Resolvins Lipid Mediators: Potential Therapeutic Targets in Alzheimer and Parkinson Disease
Anand, S., Ansari, M. A., Sukrutha, S. K., Alomary, M. N., Khan, A. A., & Elderdery, A. Y. (2022) · Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/j.neuroscience.2022.11.001 · Cited by 17
Development and validation of a plasmalogen score as an independent modifiable marker of metabolic health: population based observational studies and a placebo-controlled cross-over study
Beyene, H. B., Huynh, K., Wang, T., Paul, S., Cinel, M. A., Mellett, N. A., Olshansky, G., Meikle, T. G., Watts, G. F., Hung, J., et al. (2024) · EBioMedicine · doi:10.1016/j.ebiom.2024.105187 · Cited by 18
Effects of Hypoxia and Bed Rest on Markers of Cardiometabolic Risk: Compensatory Changes in Circulating TRAIL and Glutathione Redox Capacity
Biolo, G., Girolamo, F. G. D., McDonnell, A. C., Fiotti, N., Mearelli, F., Situlin, R., Gonelli, A., Dapas, B., Giordano, M., Lainščak, M., et al. (2018) · Frontiers in Physiology · doi:10.3389/fphys.2018.01000 · Cited by 18
Health benefits of omega-3 fatty acids
Calder, P. C. (2021) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-821391-9.00006-5 · Cited by 19
Study Protocol: A Cross-Sectional Examination of Socio-Demographic and Ecological Determinants of Nutrition and Disease Across Madagascar
Golden, C. D. W., Rice, B. L., Randriamady, H. J., Vonona, M. A., Randrianasolo, J. F., Tafangy, A. N., Andrianantenaina, M. Y., Arisco, N., Emile, G. N., Lainandrasana, F., et al. (2020) · Frontiers in Public Health · doi:10.3389/fpubh.2020.00500 · Cited by 17
Effects of omega-3 fatty acids and metformin combination on diabetic cardiomyopathy in rats through autophagic pathway
Eraky, S. M., & Ramadan, N. M. (2021) · The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry · doi:10.1016/j.jnutbio.2021.108798 · Cited by 17
Omega-3 Index as a Sport Biomarker: Implications for Cardiovascular Health, Injury Prevention, and Athletic Performance
Medoro, A., Buonsenso, A., Centorbi, M., Calcagno, G., Scapagnini, G., Fiorilli, G., & Davinelli, S. (2024) · Journal of Functional Morphology and Kinesiology · doi:10.3390/jfmk9020091 · Cited by 22
Dietary Intake, Biological Status, and Barriers towards Omega-3 Intake in Elite Level (Tier 4), Female Athletes: Pilot Study
Hooks, M. P., Madigan, S. M., Woodside, J. V., & Nugent, A. P. (2023) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu15132821 · Cited by 19
Cardiometabolic risks and omega‐3 index in recent‐onset bipolar I disorder
Wulsin, L. R., Blom, T. J., Durling, M., Welge, J. A., DelBello, M. P., Adler, C. M., McNamara, R. K., & Strakowski, S. M. (2018) · Bipolar Disorders · doi:10.1111/bdi.12633 · Cited by 16
Possible Role of CYP450 Generated Omega-3/Omega-6 PUFA Metabolites in the Modulation of Blood Pressure and Vascular Function in Obese Children
Bonafini, S., Giontella, A., Tagetti, A., Marcon, D., Montagnana, M., Benati, M., Gaudino, R., Cavarzere, P., Karber, M., Rothe, M., et al. (2018) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu10111689 · Cited by 16
Erythrocyte ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids are inversely associated with the risk of oral cancer: a case-control study
Chen, Q., Wang, J., Wang, J., Lin, J., Chen, L., Lin, L., Pan, L.-Z., Shi, B., Qiu, Y., Zheng, X., et al. (2020) · Nutrition and Diabetes · doi:10.1038/s41387-020-00140-1 · Cited by 16
Omega-3 Fatty Acids in Erythrocyte Membranes as Predictors of Lower Cardiovascular Risk in Adults without Previous Cardiovascular Events
Gonçalinho, G. H. F., Sampaio, G. R., Freitas, R. A. M. S., & Damasceno, N. R. T. (2021) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu13061919 · Cited by 18
A Cross-Sectional Analysis of Whole Blood Long-Chain ω-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids and Its Relationship with Dietary Intake, Body Composition, and Measures of Strength and Power in Collegiate Athletes
Heileson, J. L., Elliott, A. P., Buzzard, J., Cholewinski, M. C., Jackson, K. H., Gallucci, A. R., & Funderburk, L. (2021) · Journal of the American Nutrition Association · doi:10.1080/07315724.2021.1995910 · Cited by 15
Why docosapentaenoic acid is not included in the Omega-3 Index
von Schacky, C., & Harris, W. S. (2018) · Prostaglandins Leukotrienes and Essential Fatty Acids · doi:10.1016/j.plefa.2018.06.003 · Cited by 15
Self-citation
Proportions of long-chain ω-3 fatty acids in erythrocyte membranes of Canadian adults: Results from the Canadian Health Measures Survey 2012–2015
Demonty, I., Langlois, K. A., Greene-Finestone, L. S., Zoka, R., & Nguyen, L. (2020) · American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1093/ajcn/nqaa401 · Cited by 17
Beyond Nutrient Deficiency—Opportunities to Improve Nutritional Status and Promote Health Modernizing DRIs and Supplementation Recommendations
McBurney, M. I., Blumberg, J. B., Costello, R. B., Eggersdorfer, M. L., Erdman, J. W., Harris, W. S., Johnson, E. J., Mitmesser, S. H., Post, R. C., Rai, D., et al. (2021) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu13061844 · Cited by 14
Self-citation
Assessing Omega-3 Intake in Sport: the Brief Food Frequency Questionnaire and the Omega-3 Index in Collegiate Women Soccer Players
Essman, M., Christifano, D. N., Sullivan, D. K., Chalise, P., & Carbuhn, A. F. (2022) · Journal of Athletic Training · doi:10.4085/1062-6050-0549.21 · Cited by 14
The effect of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid intake on blood levels of omega-3s in people with chronic atherosclerotic disease: a systematic review
Nayda, N. C., Thomas, J. M., Delaney, C. L., & Miller, M. (2023) · Nutrition Reviews · doi:10.1093/nutrit/nuad020 · Cited by 13
Degenerative rotator cuff tears are associated with a low Omega-3 Index
Hudek, R., von Schacky, C., Passow, A., Abdelkawi, A. F., Werner, B. S., & Gohlke, F. (2019) · Prostaglandins Leukotrienes and Essential Fatty Acids · doi:10.1016/j.plefa.2019.07.004 · Cited by 12
Effects of a plant-based fatty acid supplement and a powdered fruit, vegetable and berry juice concentrate on omega-3-indices and serum micronutrient concentrations in healthy subjects
Dams, S., Holasek, S. J., Tsiountsioura, M., Edelsbrunner, M., Dietz, P., Köfeler, H. C., Malliga, D.-E., Gürbüz, A., Meier‐Allard, N., Poncza, B., et al. (2020) · International Journal of Food Sciences and Nutrition · doi:10.1080/09637486.2020.1725960 · Cited by 12
Increased adiposity in children with obesity is associated with low red blood cell omega‐3 fatty acid status and inadequate polyunsaturated fatty acid dietary intake
Mak, I. L., Cohen, T. R., Vanstone, C. A., & Weiler, H. A. (2020) · Pediatric Obesity · doi:10.1111/ijpo.12689 · Cited by 12
Editorial: Omega-3 fatty acids: new studies, new data, new questions
Calder, P. C., & Deckelbaum, R. J. (2020) · Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition & Metabolic Care · doi:10.1097/mco.0000000000000726 · Cited by 12
Lipidomic studies reveal two specific circulating phosphatidylcholines as surrogate biomarkers of the omega-3 index
Ly, R., MacIntyre, B. C., Philips, S. M., McGlory, C., Mutch, D. M., & Britz‐McKibbin, P. (2023) · Journal of Lipid Research · doi:10.1016/j.jlr.2023.100445 · Cited by 14
Cohort Description of the Madagascar Health and Environmental Research–Antongil (MAHERY–Antongil) Study in Madagascar
Golden, C. D. W., Borgerson, C., Rice, B. L., Allen, L. H., Anjaranirina, E. J. G., Barrett, C. B., Boateng, G. O., Gephart, J. A., Hampel, D., Hartl, D. L., et al. (2019) · Frontiers in Nutrition · doi:10.3389/fnut.2019.00109 · Cited by 11
The nutritional and cardiovascular health benefits of rapeseed oil-fed farmed salmon in humans are not decreased compared with those of traditionally farmed salmon: a randomized controlled trial
de Roos, B., Wood, S. G., Bremner, D. M., Bashir, S., Betancor, M. B., Fraser, W. D., Duthie, S. J., Horgan, G. W., & Sneddon, A. A. (2020) · European Journal of Nutrition · doi:10.1007/s00394-020-02396-w · Cited by 11
Interactive Effects of Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids and Secondhand Smoke in Mice and Human Subjects
Wheeler, E. A., Walsh-Wilcox, M. T., Shah, M., Achrekar, A., Anderson, J. R., & Walker, M. K. (2020) · Cardiovascular Toxicology · doi:10.1007/s12012-020-09601-6 · Cited by 10
Plasma levels of EPA and DHA after ingestion of a single dose of EPA and DHA ethyl esters
Schmieta, H. M., Greupner, T., Schneider, I., Wrobel, S. A., Christa, V., Kutzner, L., Hahn, A., Harris, W. S., Schebb, N. H., & Schuchardt, J. P. (2024) · Lipids · doi:10.1002/lipd.12417 · Cited by 10
Self-citation
Long-Chain Omega-3 Fatty Acid Bioavailability: Implications for Understanding the Effects of Supplementation on Heart Disease Risk
Maki, K. C. (2018) · Journal of Nutrition · doi:10.1093/jn/nxy205 · Cited by 9
Effects of hemodialysis on blood fatty acids
Gollasch, B., Dogan, I., Rothe, M., Gollasch, M., & Luft, F. C. (2020) · Physiological Reports · doi:10.14814/phy2.14332 · Cited by 9
Peripheral Artery Disease Is Associated with a Deficiency of Erythrocyte Membrane n‐3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids
Ramirez, J. L., Zahner, G. J., Spaulding, K. A., Khetani, S. A., Hills, N. K., Gasper, W. J., Harris, W. S., Cohen, B. E., & Grenon, S. M. (2019) · Lipids · doi:10.1002/lipd.12140 · Cited by 10
Self-citation
An Optimized Ex Vivo n –3 PUFA Supplementation Strategy for Primary Human Macrophages Shows That DHA Suppresses Prostaglandin E2 Formation
Kirchhoff, R., Kampschulte, N., Rothweiler, C., Rohwer, N., Weylandt, K. H., & Schebb, N. H. (2024) · Molecular Nutrition & Food Research · doi:10.1002/mnfr.202400716 · Cited by 9
Maximal exercise and erythrocyte fatty‐acid status: alipidomicsstudy
Gollasch, B., Dogan, I., Rothe, M., Gollasch, M., & Luft, F. C. (2019) · Physiological Reports · doi:10.14814/phy2.14040 · Cited by 8
Consumption of Monounsaturated Fatty Acids Is Associated with Improved Cardiometabolic Outcomes in Four African-Origin Populations Spanning the Epidemiologic Transition
Mehta, S., Dugas, L. R., Choo-Kang, C., Bovet, P., Forrester, T., Bedu-Addo, K., Lambert, E. V., Plange‐Rhule, J., Riesen, W., Korte, W. C., et al. (2021) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu13072442 · Cited by 8
Omega 3 Fatty Acids and Health: The Little We Know after All These Years
Visioli, F., & Agostoni, C. V. (2022) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu14020239 · Cited by 9
Safe and well-tolerated long-term parenteral nutrition regimen: Omega-3-fatty-acid-enriched medium chained/ long chained triglycerides emulsion
Kłęk, S., Chambrier, C., Szczepanek, K., Kunecki, M., Sobocki, J., Wanten, G., Pironi, L., Schneider, S. M., Rahman, F. Z., Cooper, S. C., et al. (2024) · Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1016/j.clnu.2024.11.007 · Cited by 8
Study Protocol: Interactive Dynamics of Coral Reef Fisheries and the Nutrition Transition in Kiribati
Golden, C. D. W., Ayroles, J. F., Eurich, J. G., Gephart, J. A., Seto, K. L., Sharp, M. K., Balcom, P. H., Barravecchia, H. M., Bell, K. K., Gorospe, K. D., et al. (2022) · Frontiers in Public Health · doi:10.3389/fpubh.2022.890381 · Cited by 8
Lipides membranaires dans la schizophrénie et la psychose débutante : de potentiels biomarqueurs et pistes thérapeutiques ?
Frajerman, A., Kébir, O., Chaumette, B., Tessier, C., Lamazière, A., Nuss, P., & Krebs, M. (2020) · L Encéphale · doi:10.1016/j.encep.2019.11.009 · Cited by 9
Fatty acid profile of newly extruded embryos of brown crab (Cancer pagurus) and potential value of their lipids for human consumption
Maia, S., Rey, F., Domingues, M. R., Figueira, J., Dupont, S., Leandro, S. M., & Calado, R. (2025) · Applied Food Research · doi:10.1016/j.afres.2025.100773 · Cited by 6

Authors: Harris, W. S., Del Gobbo, L., & Tintle, N. L.
Affiliations: University of South Dakota (US)
Dordt University (US)
Corresponding author: Harris, William S.
ORCID: Harris, William S.
Tintle, Nathan L.
Venue: Atherosclerosis
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 2017-07
Volume: 262
Pages: 51-54
ISSN: 0021-9150 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2017.05.007
OpenAlex: W2611630545
Cited by: 183
References: 52
Citations by year: 2026: 16 · 2025: 11 · 2024: 19 · 2023: 16 · 2022: 21 · 2021: 21 · 2020: 21 · 2019: 31 · 2018: 23 · 2017: 3
FWCI: 2.20
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations: Atherosclerosis (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Fatty Acid Research and Health
Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Nutritional Studies and Diet
Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Aquatic Science › Aquaculture Nutrition and Growth
Keywords: omega-3 index, coronary heart disease mortality, eicosapentaenoic acid, docosahexaenoic acid, omega-3 fatty acids, hazard ratio, therapeutic target, biomarkers
MeSH terms: Diet, Healthy, Coronary Disease, Docosahexaenoic Acids, Erythrocytes, Humans, Prognosis, Risk Factors, Time Factors, Eicosapentaenoic Acid, Cohort Studies, Biomarkers, Risk Assessment, Protective Factors

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

The Omega-3 Index and relative risk for coronary heart disease mortality: Estimation from 10 cohort studies

Abstract

Overview

Integrity signals

Verification

Claims the paper makes

Claims other papers make about this one

Citations

Cites

Cited by

Related

Metadata

Record

About these checks