Cited by 209Cognitive Abilities and TestingAging and Gerontology ResearchNeural and Behavioral Psychology Studies

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Age differences in fluid intelligence: Contributions of general slowing and frontal decline

Bugg, Julie M., Zook, Nancy A., DeLosh, Edward L., Davalos, Deana B., Davis, Hasker P.·2006·Brain and Cognition

DOI 10.1016/j.bandc.2006.02.006

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Abstract

The current study examined the contributions of general slowing and frontal decline to age differences in fluid intelligence. Participants aged 20-89 years completed Block Design, Matrix Reasoning, simple reaction time, choice reaction time, Wisconsin Card Sorting, and Tower of London tasks. Age-related declines in fluid intelligence, speed of processing, and frontal function were observed. Hierarchical regression analyses showed that the processing speed and frontal function measures accounted for significant variance in fluid intelligence performance, but there was also a residual effect of age after controlling for each variable individually as well as both variables. An additional analysis showed that the variance in fluid intelligence that was attributable to processing speed was not fully shared with the variance attributable to frontal function. These findings suggest that the age-related decline in fluid intelligence is due to general slowing and frontal decline, as well as other unidentified factors.

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Authors: Bugg, J. M., Zook, N. A., DeLosh, E. L., Davalos, D. B., & Davis, H. P.
Affiliations: Colorado State University (US)
Purchase College (US)
University of Colorado Colorado Springs (US)
Corresponding author: Bugg, Julie M.
ORCID: Bugg, Julie M.
Zook, Nancy A.
Davalos, Deana B.
Venue: Brain and Cognition
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 2006-10
Volume: 62
Issue: 1
Pages: 9-16
ISSN: 0278-2626 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/j.bandc.2006.02.006
OpenAlex: W2130178897
Cited by: 209
References: 46
Citations by year: 2026: 4 · 2025: 10 · 2024: 13 · 2023: 12 · 2022: 14 · 2021: 12 · 2020: 9 · 2019: 18 · 2018: 15 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 13 · 2015: 9 · 2014: 15 · 2013: 12 · 2012: 13
FWCI: 6.73
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
www.elsevier.com/legal/tdmrep-license (tdm)
Locations: Brain and Cognition (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Cognitive Abilities and Testing
Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Aging and Gerontology Research
Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
Keywords: fluid intelligence, age differences, processing speed, cognitive aging, reaction time, executive function
MeSH terms: Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Aging, Female, Frontal Lobe, Humans, Intelligence, Male, Memory, Short-Term, Middle Aged, Problem Solving, Reaction Time, Reference Values, Regression Analysis

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Age differences in fluid intelligence: Contributions of general slowing and frontal decline

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