An in-depth review of AI-powered advancements in cancer drug discovery
Open accessAbstract
The convergence of artificial intelligence (AI) and genomics is redefining cancer drug discovery by facilitating the development of personalized and effective therapies. This review examines the transformative role of AI technologies, including deep learning and advanced data analytics, in accelerating key stages of the drug discovery process: target identification, drug design, clinical trial optimization, and drug response prediction. Cutting-edge tools such as DrugnomeAI and PandaOmics have made substantial contributions to therapeutic target identification, while AI's predictive capabilities are driving personalized treatment strategies. Additionally, advancements like AlphaFold highlight AI's capacity to address intricate challenges in drug development. However, the field faces significant challenges, including the management of large-scale genomic datasets and ethical concerns surrounding AI deployment in healthcare. This review underscores the promise of data-centric AI approaches and emphasizes the necessity of continued innovation and interdisciplinary collaboration. Together, AI and genomics are charting a path toward more precise, efficient, and transformative cancer therapeutics.
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AlphaFold accurately predicts three-dimensional protein structures from sequences at the proteome scale.
“By accurately predicting three-dimensional structures from sequences at the proteome scale, AlphaFold removes a frequent bottleneck in structure-based design and makes structural hypotheses more accessible.”
From Artificial Intelligence in Clinical Oncology: From Productivity Enhancement to Creative Discovery (2025) · cites this paper as [101]
AlphaFold removes a frequent bottleneck in structure-based design and makes structural hypotheses more accessible.
“By accurately predicting three-dimensional structures from sequences at the proteome scale, AlphaFold removes a frequent bottleneck in structure-based design and makes structural hypotheses more accessible.”
From Artificial Intelligence in Clinical Oncology: From Productivity Enhancement to Creative Discovery (2025) · cites this paper as [101]
AlphaFold addressed the decades-old protein-folding problem.
“A recent breakthrough, DeepMind’s AlphaFold, addressed the decades-old “protein-folding problem” and won the 2024 Nobel Prize in Chemistry [101].”
From Artificial Intelligence in Clinical Oncology: From Productivity Enhancement to Creative Discovery (2025) · cites this paper as [101]
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Claudiani, S., & Apperley, J. F. (2018) · Hematology · doi:10.1182/asheducation-2018.1.161 · Cited by 53 · see citing works
Russo, V., Lallo, E., Munnia, A., Spedicato, M., Messerini, L., D’Aurizio, R., Ceroni, E. G., Brunelli, G., Galvano, A., Russo, A., et al. (2022) · Cancers · doi:10.3390/cancers14164012 · Cited by 52 · see citing works
DrugFlow: An AI-Driven One-Stop Platform for Innovative Drug Discovery
Shen, C., Song, J., Hsieh, C., Cao, D., Kang, Y., Ye, W., Wu, Z., Wang, J., Zhang, O., Zhang, X., et al. (2024) · Journal of Chemical Information and Modeling · doi:10.1021/acs.jcim.4c00621 · Cited by 52 · see citing works
Artificial Intelligence And Cancer Care in Africa
Akingbola, A., Adegbesan, A., Ojo, O., Jessica, O. U., & Alao, U. H. (2024) · Journal of Medicine Surgery and Public Health · doi:10.1016/j.glmedi.2024.100132 · Cited by 52 · see citing works
Success stories of AI in drug discovery - where do things stand?
Mak, K.-K., Balijepalli, M. K., & Pichika, M. R. (2022) · Expert Opinion on Drug Discovery · doi:10.1080/17460441.2022.1985108 · Cited by 51 · see citing works
MassiveFold: unveiling AlphaFold’s hidden potential with optimized and parallelized massive sampling
Raouraoua, N., Mirabello, C., Véry, T., Blanchet, C., Wallner, B., Lensink, M. F., & Brysbaert, G. (2024) · Nature Computational Science · doi:10.1038/s43588-024-00714-4 · Cited by 51 · see citing works
Hit Dexter: A Machine‐Learning Model for the Prediction of Frequent Hitters
Stork, C., Wagner, J., Friedrich, N., Kops, C. D. B., Šícho, M., & Kirchmair, J. (2017) · ChemMedChem · doi:10.1002/cmdc.201700673 · Cited by 49 · see citing works
Artificial intelligence and neoantigens: paving the path for precision cancer immunotherapy
Bulashevska, A., Nacsa, Z., Lang, F., Braun, M., Machyna, M., Diken, M., Childs, L. H., & König, R. (2024) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2024.1394003 · Cited by 49 · see citing works
Robinson, J. R., Denny, J. C., Roden, D. M., & Driest, S. L. V. (2017) · Clinical and Translational Science · doi:10.1111/cts.12522 · Cited by 48 · see citing works
West, M. D., Labat, I., Sternberg, H., Larocca, D., Nasonkin, I. O., Chapman, K. B., Singh, R. K., Makarev, E., Aliper, A., Kazennov, A. M., et al. (2017) · Oncotarget · doi:10.18632/oncotarget.23748 · Cited by 48 · see citing works
Can We AlphaFold Our Way Out of the Next Pandemic?
Higgins, M. K. (2021) · Journal of Molecular Biology · doi:10.1016/j.jmb.2021.167093 · Cited by 46 · see citing works
Blake, K. V., Prilla, S., Accadebled, S., Guimier, M., Biscaro, M., Persson, I. R., Arlett, P. R., Blackburn, S. C. F., & Fitt, H. (2011) · Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug Safety · doi:10.1002/pds.2209 · Cited by 46 · see citing works
Literature analysis of artificial intelligence in biomedicine
Hulsen, T. (2022) · Annals of Translational Medicine · doi:10.21037/atm-2022-50 · Cited by 46 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
1 of the 261 references couldn’t be matched to a known paper.
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Qin, C., Wang, Y., Zheng, J., Wan, X., & Fan, X. (2025) · BMC Biology · doi:10.1186/s12915-025-02214-x · Cited by 39 · see citing works
Bridging technology and medicine: artificial intelligence in targeted anticancer drug delivery
Khorsandi, D., Farahani, A., Zarepour, A., Khosravi, A., Iravani, S., & Zarrabi, A. (2025) · RSC Advances · doi:10.1039/d5ra03747f · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Wen, P., Ai, Q., Fan, X., Gu, Z., 陈波, & Qian, H. (2026) · Cancer Letters · doi:10.1016/j.canlet.2026.218257 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Convergence: Multi-omics and AI are reshaping the landscape biomedical research
Vitorino, R. M. P., & Ghavami, S. (2025) · Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular Basis of Disease · doi:10.1016/j.bbadis.2025.168027 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Artificial Intelligence in Clinical Oncology: From Productivity Enhancement to Creative Discovery
Kuno, M., Osumi, H., Udagawa, S., Yoshikawa, K., Ooki, A., Shinozaki, E., Ishikawa, T., Oba, J., Yamaguchi, K., & Sakurada, K. (2025) · Current Oncology · doi:10.3390/curroncol32110588 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Habeeb, M., Vengateswaran, H. T., Suseela, P., Grace, X., & Rani, T. S. (2025) · doi:10.70593/978-93-7185-515-0 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
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FEN1 plays a key role in the transition from HSIL to CSCC
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Bridging diagnosis and therapeutics: The role of AI in cancer detection and drug development
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Generative AI and medical oncologists: Be curious, but cautious!
Quaglini, S., Sacchi, L., Sottotetti, F., Premoli, A., & Locati, L. D. (2026) · Tumori Journal · doi:10.1177/03008916251388549
AI in designing novel cancer treatments
Kumar, P., Umar, M., Naeem, A., & Khan, E. (2026) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-443-45004-4.00011-6
Toward personalised cancer care: AI in precision and molecular oncology
Sinha, A., Anzar, D., Owusu-Boampong, A. B., Nkrumah-Boateng, P. A., Mannan, K. M., Ali, S. H., Roy, S., & Wireko, A. A. (2026) · European journal of medical research · doi:10.1186/s40001-026-04670-9
PERSONALIZED NANOMEDICINE APPROACHES ENABLED BY BIOINFORMATICS AND MACHINE LEARNING
Li, Z., Mei, C., & Jing, W. (2026) · Journal of Biomedical and Techno Nanomaterials · doi:10.70177/jbtn.v3i1.3559
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Drug target identification and validation using AI
Gurunathan, R., Abhirami, R., Pravin, M. A., & Singh, S. K. (2026) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-443-40338-5.00012-3
AI-Driven Target Identification Reshapes Early-Stage Drug Discovery in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer
Tan, L., Foo, J. B., Ong, Y. S., How, C. W., Kabir, M. S., & Bakthavatchalam, P. (2026) · Integrative Biomedical Research · doi:10.25163/biomedical.10210953
- Authors
- Le, M. H. N., Nguyen, P. K., Nguyen, T. P. T., Nguyen, H. Q., Tam, D. N. H., Huynh, H. H., Huynh, P. K., & Le, N. Q. K.
- Affiliations
- Taipei Medical University (TW)
- HUTECH University (VN)
- Methodist Hospital (US)
- North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University (US)
- Taipei Medical University Hospital (TW)
- Corresponding author
- Le, Nguyen Quoc Khanh
- Venue
- Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular Basis of Disease
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2025-03
- Volume
- 1871
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 167680
- ISSN
- 0925-4439 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W4406596099
- Cited by
- 15
- References
- 261
- Citations by year
- 2026: 8 · 2025: 7
- FWCI
- 0.93
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
- www.elsevier.com/legal/tdmrep-license (tdm)
- www.elsevier.com/open-access/userlicense/1.0/ (vor, 365 d)
- doi.org/10.15223/policy-017 (stm-asf)
- doi.org/10.15223/policy-037 (stm-asf)
- doi.org/10.15223/policy-012 (stm-asf)
- doi.org/10.15223/policy-029 (stm-asf)
- doi.org/10.15223/policy-004 (stm-asf)
- Locations
- Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular Basis of Disease (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Computational Theory and Mathematics › Computational Drug Discovery Methods
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Health Informatics › Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare and Education
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Reproductive Medicine › Science, Research, and Medicine
- Keywords
- artificial intelligence in drug discovery, anticancer drug discovery, drug target identification, drug design, clinical trial optimization, drug response prediction, precision oncology, AlphaFold, genomic data management, ethics of AI in healthcare
- MeSH terms
- Deep Learning, Antineoplastic Agents, Artificial Intelligence, Humans, Neoplasms, Genomics, Drug Discovery, Precision Medicine
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