Social Anxiety and the Quality of Everyday Social Interactions: The Moderating Influence of Alcohol Consumption
Abstract
Most research on the link between social anxiety and alcohol consumption has examined problematic outcomes without consideration of potential adaptive functions. Alcohol is an anxiolytic that has the short-term benefit of reducing anxiety; consumption may act as a social lubricant that facilitates higher quality social interactions. Using experience-sampling methodology, we examined how consuming alcohol attenuates the adverse effects of social anxiety in naturally occurring social interactions. Participants (N = 160) completed demographic and trait measures, then completed daily assessments for 14 consecutive days. Results from multilevel model analyses revealed that during face-to-face social interactions, state social anxiety was inversely related to 10 indicators of healthy social interactions (e.g., enjoyment, laughter, feelings of acceptance). Alcohol consumption moderated seven of these associations, such that when participants consumed alcohol in social situations, state social anxiety was no longer associated with social interaction quality. The quantity of alcoholic drinks consumed moderated two of these associations. Furthermore, we found evidence for directionality, such that social anxiety in a given social interaction predicted alcohol consumption in a subsequent social interaction, but not the reverse (i.e., alcohol consumption did not prospectively predict state social anxiety). In social situations that involved alcohol, experiences of social anxiety no longer thwarted one's ability to derive social benefits. These results should be interpreted in the context of a participant sample with relatively low levels of trait social anxiety and frequency of alcohol use. Nonetheless, obtaining social rewards may be a reinforcement mechanism that maintains the link between social anxiety and alcohol consumption.
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Goodman et al showed that alcohol consumption moderated the negative association between social anxiety and a range of healthy social interactions such as laughter or feelings of acceptance.
“Goodman et al [63] showed that alcohol consumption moderated the negative association between SA and a range of healthy social interactions such as laughter or feelings of acceptance”
From Studies of Social Anxiety Using Ambulatory Assessment: Systematic Review (2024) · cites this paper as [63]
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- Authors
- Goodman, F. R., Stiksma, M. C., & Kashdan, T. B.
- Affiliations
- George Mason University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Kashdan, Todd B.
- Venue
- Behavior Therapy
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2018-05
- Volume
- 49
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 373-387
- ISSN
- 0005-7894 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2762765426
- Cited by
- 35
- References
- 99
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 7 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 1
- FWCI
- 2.48
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Behavior Therapy (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (F31AA024372)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pathology and Forensic Medicine › Alcohol Consumption and Health Effects
- Keywords
- social anxiety, alcohol consumption, social interaction quality, moderation, state anxiety, social reward, reinforcement, laughter, social acceptance
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Alcohol Drinking, Anxiety, Female, Humans, Interpersonal Relations, Male, Students, Young Adult
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