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Resting-State Functional and Structural Connectivity Within an Insula–Amygdala Route Specifically Index State and Trait Anxiety
Abstract
Background Conjoint activity of the insula and amygdala has frequently been reported during emotional stimulation in general and in anxiety-related contexts in particular. However, direct connectivity between the insula and amygdala in this framework has received little attention so far. Studying whether inter-individual differences in anxiety reflect variation in insula-amygdala connectivity is a way to push forward the understanding of network-related aspects underlying anxious behavior.Methods To investigate functional and structural connectivity, we applied resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging and diffusion tensor imaging in a group of 32 healthy subjects. Specific measures of connectivity between subregions of the insula and amygdala were related to subjects' anxiety levels.Results Resting-state functional connectivity between the anterior insula and the basolateral amygdala was strongly related to state anxiety, explaining 40% of behavioral variance across subjects. This was substantiated by applying tractography, yielding a relationship between trait anxiety and axial diffusivity for a direct pathway between anterior insula and basolateral amygdala.Conclusions Our results indicate that anterior insula and basolateral amygdala constitute a network part that is prominently linked to anxiety. Within this route, state and trait behavioral impacts seem to be specifically linked to dynamic functional and more static structural neural aspects, respectively. Insula-amygdala resting-state functional connectivity can be assessed in an easy and straightforward way and has high potential to serve as a biomarker for anxiety.
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“Investigators have previously shown that anxiety is associated with the functional connectivity between the amygdala and the insula (Baur et al., 2013; Shah et al., 2009; Stein et al., 2007) as well as the coupling between the amygdala and the OFC (Hahn et al., 2011; Sladky et al., 2013).”
From Distinct neural representations of placebo and nocebo effects (2015) · cites this paper as Baur et al., 2013
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Metadata
- Authors
- Baur, V., Hänggi, J., Langer, N., & Jäncke, L.
- Affiliations
- University of Zurich (CH)
- Corresponding author
- Baur, Volker
- Venue
- Biological Psychiatry
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2013-01
- Volume
- 73
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 85-92
- ISSN
- 0006-3223 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2040170011
- Cited by
- 258
- References
- 71
- Citations by year
- 2026: 7 · 2025: 12 · 2024: 20 · 2023: 20 · 2022: 16 · 2021: 17 · 2020: 28 · 2019: 18 · 2018: 29 · 2017: 20 · 2016: 19 · 2015: 21 · 2014: 19 · 2013: 8
- FWCI
- 8.34
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Biological Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Zurich Open Repository and Archive (University of Zurich) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Functional Brain Connectivity Studies
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging › Advanced Neuroimaging Techniques and Applications
- Keywords
- anterior insula, basolateral amygdala, state anxiety, trait anxiety, resting-state functional connectivity, structural connectivity, axial diffusivity, individual differences, anxiety biomarkers
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Amygdala, Anxiety, Cerebral Cortex, Humans, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Neural Pathways, Personality Inventory, Diffusion Tensor Imaging, Functional Neuroimaging
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