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Reduced ADHD symptoms in adults with ADHD after structured skills training group: Results from a randomized controlled trial
Abstract
Objective Feasibility, acceptability, and efficacy of a Dialectical Behavioral Therapy (DBT) -based method developed in Germany were evaluated in a Swedish outpatient psychiatric context.Method Fifty-one adults with ADHD on stable medical treatment or on no medication were randomized to the DBT-based skills training (n=26) or a parallel loosely structured discussion group (n=25). Self-rating scales were administered before randomization and after the treatment.Results Feasibility and participant satisfaction were good in both groups while skills training was perceived as more logical and effective for ADHD-related problems. The analyses of the individuals who completed the treatment and remained stable with regard to medication (n=19 in skills training; n=18 in control group) showed a significant reduction in ADHD symptoms in the skills training group, but not in the control group. No reduction of comorbidity was observed in any of the groups.Conclusions The treatment was feasible in an outpatient psychiatric context, well tolerated, and significantly reduced ADHD symptoms in on-treatment individuals who remained stable regarding medication status.
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“In addition, the efficacy of DBT has also been studied in adults with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) (Hirvikoski et al., 2011; Philipsen et al., 2014; Fleming et al., 2015), suggesting its clinical pertinence in neurodevelopmental disorders.”
From Feasibility, Acceptability and Preliminary Efficacy of Dialectical Behavior Therapy for Autistic Adults without Intellectual Disability: A Mixed Methods Study (2022) · cites this paper as Hirvikoski et al., 2011
In the citing paper
“Although some controlled studies included mindfulness practice, it was a component of a treatment that also introduced other modalities (e.g., Hesslinger et al., 2002; Hirvikoski et al., 2011; Philipsen et al., 2007) and the contribution of mindfulness training itself is not clear.”
From Mindfulness Meditation Training for Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder in Adulthood: Current Empirical Support, Treatment Overview, and Future Directions (2015) · cites this paper as Hirvikoski et al., 2011
In the citing paper
“Among the treatment studies, self-reported ADHD symptoms improved when assessed in a within-groups (Philipsen et al., 2007) or between-groups design (Hesslinger et al., 2002; Hirvikoski et al., 2011).”
From Mindfulness Meditation Training for Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder in Adulthood: Current Empirical Support, Treatment Overview, and Future Directions (2015) · cites this paper as Hirvikoski et al., 2011
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Self-citationThe Course and Evolution of Dialectical Behavior Therapy
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“The authors did find that participants in the DBT conditions reported improvements in their perceived ability to cope with ADHD-related deficits from pre- to posttreatment (Hirvikoski et al., 2011).”
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“This scale or similar versions are widely administered in adult ADHD psychosocial treatment outcome research (e.g., Hirvikoski et al., 2011; Safren et al., 2005, 2010; Zylowska et al., 2008).”
BackgroundMethodDialectical Behavior Therapy for Adolescents: Theory, Treatment Adaptations, and Empirical Outcomes
MacPherson, H. A., Cheavens, J. S., & Fristad, M. A. (2012) · Clinical Child and Family Psychology Review · doi:10.1007/s10567-012-0126-7 · Cited by 202
“Nine additional RCTs evaluated adapted DBT for adults with depression, eating disorders (EDs), attention-deficit/ hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and BD. Rationale for use of DBT with these disorders rests in the common underlying dysfunction in emotion regulation (Kring and Sloan 2010).”
BackgroundInfluentialPhilipsen, A., Jans, T., Graf, E., Matthies, S., Borel, P., Colla, M., Gentschow, L., Langner, D., Jacob, C., Groß-Lesch, S., et al. (2015) · JAMA Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2015.2146 · Cited by 175
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“A similar pattern of outcome was reported by Hirvikoski and colleagues [20] who randomly assigned 51 medicated adults to 14 sessions of dialectical behaviour therapy (DBT) or a loosely structured discussion group.”
ResultCognitive-behavioural interventions for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in adults
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“One (Hirvikoski et al., 2011) compared 14 sessions of DBT with a discussion group.”
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“An adaptation of DBT skills training for adults suffering from ADHD has been developed [109-112].”
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Meta-analysis of cognitive-behavioral treatments for adult ADHD
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“(2011) [7] studied 51 adults with ADHD, with or without medication, that were randomized to either dialectical behavior therapy (DBT)-based skills training (n026) or parallel loosely structured discussion group (n025).”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialVidal, R., Bosch, R., Nogueira, M., Gómez-Barros, N., Valero, S., Palomar, G., Corrales, M., Richarte, V., Mena, B., Casas, M., et al. (2013) · Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease · doi:10.1097/nmd.0b013e3182a5c2c5 · Cited by 77
“The same results have been found by researches on dialectical-behavioral group therapy (Hirvikoski et al., 2011; Phillipsen et al., 2010), whereas metacognitive therapy (Solanto et al., 2010) has shown to be effective in reducing inattentive symptoms but not hyperactive/impulsive symptoms.”
BackgroundResultPahnke, J., Lundgren, T., Hursti, T., & Hirvikoski, T. (2014) · Autism · doi:10.1177/1362361313501091 · Cited by 88
“One contextual behavioural treatment, dialectic behaviour therapy (DBT), has been shown to be effective for adults with ADHD, although it has not been tested in individuals with ASD (Hirvikoski et al., 2011).”
BackgroundSelf-citationDixon, L. J., & Linardon, J. (2020) · Cognitive Behaviour Therapy · doi:10.1080/16506073.2019.1620324 · Cited by 86
The strives, struggles, and successes of women diagnosed with ADHD as adults
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“One such intervention is Dialectical Behavioral Therapy, which was shown to significantly reduce ADHD symptoms in on-treatment individuals who remained stable regarding medication status, in a randomized controlled trial by Hirvikoski et al. (2011).”
BackgroundInternet-Based Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Adults With ADHD in Outpatient Psychiatric Care
Pettersson, R., Söderström, S., Edlund-Söderström, K., & Nilsson, K. W. (2014) · Journal of Attention Disorders · doi:10.1177/1087054714539998 · Cited by 82
“Another study that investigated the efficacy of group-therapy treatment, in this case Dialectical Behavioral Therapy (DBT)-based skills training, was conducted by Hirvikoski et al. (2011).”
BackgroundPsychological treatments in adult ADHD: a systematic review
Fullen, T., Jones, S. L., Emerson, L. M., & Adamou, M. (2020) · Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment · doi:10.1007/s10862-020-09794-8 · Cited by 73
Young, S., Khondoker, M. R., Emilsson, B., Sigurðsson, J. F., Philipp-Wiegmann, F., Baldursson, G., Ólafsdóttir, H., & Gudjonsson, G. H. (2015) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s0033291715000756 · Cited by 81
“These have reported mixed fi ndings; in contrast to the fi ndings of Emilsson et al. (2011), two studies reported no signi fi cant improvement in symptoms (Solanto et al. 2010; Hirvikoski et al. 2011).”
InfluentialCognitive behavioural therapy for ADHD in adults: systematic review and meta-analyses
Jensen, C. M., Amdisen, B. L., Jørgensen, K. J., & Arnfred, S. M. H. (2016) · ADHD Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorders · doi:10.1007/s12402-016-0188-3 · Cited by 81
“…CBT could at least indirectly improve the quality of life of adults with ADHD, i.e. the level of ADHD symptoms correlates negatively with QoL scores (Agarwal et al. 2012) and low QoL and depression and anxiety symptoms are associated in non-ADHD samples (IsHak et al. 2011; Olatunji et al. 2007).”
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Perspectives on the assessment and treatment of adult ADHD in hypersexual men
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Bemmouna, D., Coutelle, R., Weibel, S., & Weiner, L. (2022) · Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders · doi:10.1007/s10803-021-05317-w · Cited by 64
Hirsch, O., Chavanon, M., & Christiansen, H. (2019) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-019-42018-y · Cited by 75
Standardised assessment of functioning in ADHD: consensus on the ICF Core Sets for ADHD
Bölte, S., Mahdi, S., Coghill, D., Gau, S. S., Granlund, M., Holtmann, M. H., Karande, S., Lévy, F., Rohde, L. A., Segerer, W., et al. (2018) · European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1007/s00787-018-1119-y · Cited by 71
“, self-esteem and self-efficacy) [18], participation in skill training programs [19], pharmacological treatments [20], and degree of family support [21], among others.”
Pan, M., Huang, F., Zhao, M., Wang, Y., Wang, Y., & Qian, Q. (2019) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2019.06.040 · Cited by 77
Hirvikoski, T., Waaler, E., Lindström, T., Bölte, S., & Jokinen, J. (2014) · ADHD Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorders · doi:10.1007/s12402-014-0141-2 · Cited by 60
“However, CBTs often put high demands on the participants’ motivation, skills, and stamina and thus may not be a suitable option for all individuals in all phases of the care process (Hirvikoski et al. 2011).”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialSelf-citationPhilipsen, A. (2012) · Expert Review of Neurotherapeutics · doi:10.1586/ern.12.91 · Cited by 57
Young, S., Emilsson, B., Sigurðsson, J. F., Khondoker, M. R., Philipp-Wiegmann, F., Baldursson, G., Ólafsdóttir, H., & Gudjonsson, G. H. (2016) · European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience · doi:10.1007/s00406-016-0735-0 · Cited by 69
“Group interventions are attractive for clinical delivery as they are cost effective as well as demonstrating medium to large treatment effects for the reduction of ADHD symptoms in randomised control trials of medicated ADHD patients [9-15].”
BackgroundMindfulness Based Interventions for Youth
Zack, S., Saekow, J., Kelly, M. M., & Radke, A. (2014) · Journal of Rational-Emotive & Cognitive-Behavior Therapy · doi:10.1007/s10942-014-0179-2 · Cited by 58
“2001) attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (Hirvokoski et al. 2011) and bipolar disorder (Van Dijk et al.”
BackgroundAn international clinical study of ability and disability in ADHD using the WHO-ICF framework
Mahdi, S., Ronzano, N., Knüppel, A., Dias, J. C., Albdah, A., Chien-Ho, L., Almodayfer, O., Bluschke, A., Karande, S., Huang, H.-L., et al. (2018) · European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1007/s00787-018-1124-1 · Cited by 60
“Supportive factors in the environment, such as special education programs and pharmacological treatments, have been shown to reduce challenges in ADHD [20, 21], while lack of support and negative attitudes from family members often result in increased behavioural problems [22].”
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Mindfulness Training as an Adjunct to Evidence-Based Treatment for ADHD Within Families
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“Largely due to these promising findings, a further study utilizing a randomized controlled trial design was used (Hirvikoski et al., 2011) with the same adapted DBT-based, structured skill-training program used in the DBT studies mentioned previously (Hesslinger et al.”
BackgroundThe unmet needs of all adults with ADHD are not the same: a focus on Europe
Ginsberg, Y., Beusterien, K. M., Amos, K., Jousselin, C., & Asherson, P. J. (2014) · Expert Review of Neurotherapeutics · doi:10.1586/14737175.2014.926220 · Cited by 55
“Dialectical Behavioral Therapy, which combines standard cognitive-behavioral techniques for emotion regulation and reality-testing with concepts of distress tolerance, acceptance, and mindful awareness, has been found to be effective [92].”
BackgroundMorgensterns, E., Alfredsson, J., & Hirvikoski, T. (2016) · ADHD Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorders · doi:10.1007/s12402-015-0182-1 · Cited by 48
“In line with previous studies (Hirvikoski et al. 2011b; Philipsen et al. 2007), treatment satisfaction was good and the participants highlighted the strength of the group format and the importance of meeting other adults with ADHD.”
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“, 2017; Zwart & Kallemeyn, 2001); four because there were insufficient data in the article (Cole et al., 2016; Hirvikoski et al., 2011; Huang et al., 2019; Weiss & Hechtman, 2006); two for not including all participants who were at least 18 years old (Vidal-Estrada et al.”
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“According to the literature, the present study is the first multicenter RCT designed to evaluate the effects of psychopharmacological treatment with the first-line medication MPH compared to Plac in combination with nonpharmacological treatment strategies GPT and CM in adult ADHD.”
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“A smaller randomized controlled trial from the Swedish group (n = 51) showed that this specific group treatment was more effective in reducing core symptoms of ADHD compared to a loosely structured discussion group, but found no significant difference on comorbid depressive symptoms [28].”
BackgroundResultInfluentialHow do adolescents with ADHD perceive and experience stress? An interview study
Öster, C., Ramklint, M., Meyer, J., & Isaksson, J. (2020) · Nordic Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1080/08039488.2019.1677771 · Cited by 38
“However, this gender distribution, with more females compared to males, is not uncommon in treatment studies conducted on participants with ADHD [34,35].”
Temperament correlates in adult ADHD: A systematic review★★
Pinzone, V., Rossi, P. D., Trabucchi, G., Lester, D., Girardi, P., & Pompili, M. (2019) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2019.04.006 · Cited by 45
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“(2011) Dialectical behavioral therapy versus loosely structured discussion group 51 Group The treatment was feasible in an outpatient psychiatric context and significantly reduced ADHD symptoms in on-treatment individuals who remained stable regarding medication status [110]”
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CBT/DBT skills training for adults with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).
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“However, our effect sizes are comparable with similar studies on CBT (Safren, 2005) and DBT interventions for adults with ADHD (Hirvikoski et al., 2011), indicating that a combination manual can be effective in reducing core symptoms.”
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William, S., Horrocks, M., Richmond, J., Hall, C. L., & French, B. (2024) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1341624 · Cited by 41
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“Both pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatment modalities (Hirvikoski, Waaler, Lindstrom, Bolte, & Jokinen, 2014; Hirvikoski et al., 2011) should be adjusted to the individual characteristics of each patient with ADHD and comorbid severe SUD.”
BackgroundSelf-citationDialectical Behavior Therapy in Adolescent Residential Treatment: Outcomes and Effectiveness
McCredie, M. N., Quinn, C., & Covington, M. (2017) · Residential Treatment for Children & Youth · doi:10.1080/0886571x.2016.1271291 · Cited by 30
“DBT has been shown to be effective with adults with ADHD (Hirvikoski et al., 2011), and the mindfulness components of DBT/DBT-A have been applied successfully with both adolescents and adults with ADHD (Zylowska et al.”
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“Others have examined effects of dialectical behaviour therapy (DBT) for adults with ADHD (Hesslinger et al., 2002; Hirvikoski et al., 2011).”
BackgroundInternet delivered cognitive behavioral therapy for adults with ADHD - A randomized controlled trial
Nasri, B., Cassel, M., Enhärje, J., Larsson, M., Hirvikoski, T., Ginsberg, Y., Lindefors, N., & Kaldo, V. (2023) · Internet Interventions · doi:10.1016/j.invent.2023.100636 · Cited by 39
Self-citationThe relevance of cognitive distortions in the psychosocial treatment of adult ADHD.
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“This might reflect a self-selection bias; a similar gender distribution has also been reported in previous evaluations of the SSTG for adults with ADHD [24, 25].”
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Burckhardt, R., Manicavasagar, V., Shaw, F., Fogarty, A., Batterham, P. J., Dobinson, K., & Karpin, I. (2018) · International Journal of Adolescence and Youth · doi:10.1080/02673843.2017.1292927 · Cited by 26
“, 2016), attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (Hirvikoski et al., 2011), binge eating (Safer, Robinson, & Jo, 2010; Telch, Agras, & Linehan, 2001), bulimia (Safer, Telch, & Agras, 2001), depression (Lynch, Morse, & Robins, 2003) and post-traumatic stress disorder (Bohus et al.”
Backman, A., Mellblom, A., Norman-Claesson, E., Keith-Bodros, G., Frostvittra, M., Bölte, S., & Hirvikoski, T. (2018) · Research in Autism · doi:10.1016/j.rasd.2018.07.001 · Cited by 28
Self-citationEffectiveness of Psychotherapy in Adult ADHD: What Do Patients Think? Results of the COMPAS Study
Groß, V., Lücke, C., Graf, E., Lam, A. P., Matthies, S., Borel, P., Sobanski, E., Rösler, M., Retz, W., Jacob, C., et al. (2017) · Journal of Attention Disorders · doi:10.1177/1087054717720718 · Cited by 26
Muld, B. B., Jokinen, J., Bölte, S., & Hirvikoski, T. (2013) · BMC Psychiatry · doi:10.1186/1471-244x-13-336 · Cited by 24
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The Role of Comorbid Symptoms in Perceived Stress and Sleep Problems in Adolescent ADHD
Frick, M. A., Meyer, J., & Isaksson, J. (2022) · Child Psychiatry & Human Development · doi:10.1007/s10578-022-01320-z · Cited by 22
“This female bias in treatment research has previously been reported by Hirvikoski and colleagues [56].”
ResultBergman, T. H., Renhorn, E., Berg, B., Lappalainen, P., Ghaderi, A., & Hirvikoski, T. (2022) · Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders · doi:10.1007/s10803-022-05490-6 · Cited by 24
Self-citationApplying Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy for ADHD to Emerging Adults
Knouse, L. E., & Fleming, A. P. (2016) · Cognitive and Behavioral Practice · doi:10.1016/j.cbpra.2016.03.008 · Cited by 26
Sleep as an outcome measure in ADHD randomized controlled trials: A scoping review
McWilliams, S., Zhou, T., Stöckler, S., Elbe, D., & Ipsiroglu, O. (2022) · Sleep Medicine Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.smrv.2022.101613 · Cited by 23
Associated predictors of functional impairment among adolescents with ADHD—a cross-sectional study
Meyer, J., Alaie, I., Ramklint, M., & Isaksson, J. (2022) · Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Mental Health · doi:10.1186/s13034-022-00463-0 · Cited by 25
“Similar sex distributions have been found in previous Swedish studies on adolescent and adult psychiatric patients that involved diagnostic interviews, self-reports, and participating in group treatment [37, 62, 63].”
ResultMuld, B. B., Jokinen, J., Bölte, S., & Hirvikoski, T. (2016) · ADHD Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorders · doi:10.1007/s12402-016-0195-4 · Cited by 23
Self-citationBasiri, N., & Hadianfard, H. (2022) · Journal of Attention Disorders · doi:10.1177/10870547221118527 · Cited by 17
“Since then several authors reported the effectiveness of DBT for adults with ADHD (Bayat et al., 2019; Hirvikoski et al., 2011; Morgensterns et al., 2016; Narimani et al., 2014; Philipsen et al., 2010).”
BackgroundScholz, L., Werle, J., Philipsen, A., Schulze, M., Collonges, J., & Gensichen, J. (2020) · Journal of Mental Health · doi:10.1080/09638237.2020.1818189 · Cited by 17
“…was missing we contacted the authors of those studies up to three times (Corbisiero et al., 2018; Cowley et al., 2016; Fleming et al., 2015; Hirvikoski et al., 2011; Huang et al., 2019; Liu et al., 2016, 2017; Mawjee et al., 2015, 2017; O’Connell et al., 2008; Pettersson et al., 2017;…”
BackgroundLamash, L., Little, L. M., & Hen‐Herbst, L. (2022) · Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders · doi:10.1007/s10803-022-05440-2 · Cited by 19
Diagnóstico y tratamiento del trastorno por déficit de atención/hiperactividad en adultos
Ramos-Quiroga, J., Chalita, P. J., Vidal, R., Bosch-Munso, R., Brugué, M. C., Palomar, G., & Prats, L. (2012) · Revista de Neurología · doi:10.33588/rn.54s01.2012009 · Cited by 3
“tcc frente a grupo de discusión [73] Grupal Figura.”
BackgroundKenter, R. M. F., Lundervold, A. J., & Nordgreen, T. (2021) · Internet Interventions · doi:10.1016/j.invent.2021.100485 · Cited by 15
“Psychological interventions like CBT, GMT and DBT for ADHD provide new, compensatory strategies and skills for deficient attention, executive functioning, impulse control and emotion regulation, but they are often not available to adults with ADHD due to barriers such as: limited resources, lack of knowledge and quali…”
BackgroundInfluentialTeilleistungsstörungen/MCD und ADHS im Erwachsenenalter
Linden, M., & Weddigen, J. (2016) · Der Nervenarzt · doi:10.1007/s00115-015-0063-z · Cited by 14
Nakashima, M., Inada, N., Tanigawa, Y., Yamashita, M., Maeda, E., Kouguchi, M., Sarad, Y., Yano, H., Ikari, K., Kuga, H., et al. (2021) · Journal of Attention Disorders · doi:10.1177/1087054720986939 · Cited by 20
“After the intervention program ended, we were unable to compare scores to those in Hirvikoski et al. (2011) because that study did not report this information.”
MethodResultInfluentialTargeting affect leads to reduced paranoia in people with psychosis: a single case series
Silva, D., Maguire, T., McSherry, P., & Newman‐Taylor, K. (2020) · Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy · doi:10.1017/s1352465820000788 · Cited by 12
“…(Cristea et al., 2017; Panos et al., 2014), addictions (Linehan et al., 1999, 2002), eating disorders (Lenz et al., 2014; Bankoff et al., 2012), attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (Cole et al., 2016; Fleming et al., 2015; Hirvikoski et al., 2011) and depression (Harley et al., 2008).”
BackgroundChandler, M. C. (2013) · Journal of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing · doi:10.1111/jpm.12023 · Cited by 12
Lungu, A., & Linehan, M. M. (2017) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-803457-6.00018-0 · Cited by 13
Development of the Korean Practice Parameter for Adult Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder
Bahn, G. H., Lee, Y. S., Yoo, H. K., Kim, E., Park, S., Han, D. H., Hong, M., Kim, B., Lee, S. I., Bhang, S., et al. (2019) · Journal of korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.5765/jkacap.190030 · Cited by 14
Zener, D. (2019) · Advances in Autism · doi:10.1108/aia-10-2018-0042 · Cited by 12
Meyer, J., Ramklint, M., Hallerbäck, M. U., Lööf, M., & Isaksson, J. (2019) · BMC Psychiatry · doi:10.1186/s12888-019-2133-4 · Cited by 14
“The treatment is an age-adjusted version of a manualised DBT-based group programme originally developed in Germany for adults with ADHD [19, 31] and later translated and evaluated in a Swedish population [22, 32].”
MethodBemmouna, D., Rabot, E., Coutelle, R., Lefebvre, F., Weibel, S., & Weiner, L. (2025) · Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics · doi:10.1159/000544717 · Cited by 14
“Indeed, in future studies, we recommend comparing DBT to an active control condition like a discussion group [14] as well as to other interventions targeting ED in autistic adults, such as the mindfulness program by Conner and White [46].”
Dittner, A. J., Rimes, K. A., Russell, A., & Chalder, T. (2014) · BMC Psychiatry · doi:10.1186/s12888-014-0248-1 · Cited by 11
“Some of these results are from open-label uncontrolled studies [8-13] which evaluated individual CBT, metacognitive therapy, modified dialectical behavioural therapy (DBT) and mindfulness-based meditation training.”
BackgroundLa thérapie cognitive-comportementale dans le traitement du TDAH chez l’adulte
Auclair, V., Harvey, P., & Lepage, M. (2016) · Santé mentale au Québec · doi:10.7202/1036976ar · Cited by 11
“…souffrant de ce trouble semblent également propices à se sentir submergés par le stress qu’ils vivent et seraient exposés à un nombre plus élevé de stresseurs dans leur vie quotidienne (Hirvikoski et al., 2011), ce qui aurait un effet délétère sur leur état de santé général (Barkley, 2002).”
BackgroundMethodGonda, X., Bálint, S., Réthelyi, J., & Döme, P. (2024) · European Neuropsychopharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.euroneuro.2024.03.002 · Cited by 11
“…combined with medication or placebo, in follow-up studies showed that while medication was more effective on core ADHD symptoms, the DBT group had a more long-lasting effect on general clinical status and quality of life (Halmoy et al., 2022; Hirvikoski et al., 2011; Philipsen et al., 2015).”
BackgroundHastings, S. E., Swales, M. A., Hughes, J. C., JONES, K. M., & Hastings, R. P. (2022) · Discover Psychology · doi:10.1007/s44202-022-00021-x · Cited by 10
“Under this umbrella term DBT skills only has been adapted for a variety of presentations: mood disorders [55, 56], binge eating disorder [57], bulimia nervosa [58], anorexia and bulemia 69, intellectual disability [59], Attention Deficit Hyperactivity disorder [60], incarcerated adolescents [61], and carers of adults…”
BackgroundCarli, G., Cavicchioli, M., Martini, A. L., Bruscoli, M., Manfredi, A., Presotto, L., Mazzeo, C., Sestini, S., & Perani, D. (2023) · Brain Connectivity · doi:10.1089/brain.2022.0076 · Cited by 10
Treating Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder in Adults
Weisler, R. H., & Childress, A. C. (2011) · The Primary Care Companion For CNS Disorders · doi:10.4088/pcc.11r01168 · Cited by 10
Guideline for Screening, Diagnosis and Treatment of ADHD in Adults with Substance Use Disorders
Matthys, F., Stes, S., van den Brink, W., Joostens, P., Möbius, D., Tremmery, S., & Sabbe, B. (2014) · International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction · doi:10.1007/s11469-014-9496-z · Cited by 10
“Finally, the evidence for the effect of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) and dialectical behavioral therapy (DBT) in patients with ADHD (without SUD) is now stronger (Hirvikoski et al. 2011; Safren et al. 2010; Solanto et al. 2010).”
BackgroundThe Role of Parent Self-Regulation in Youth Type 1 Diabetes Management
Bauer, K. W., Hilliard, M. E., Albright, D. K., Lo, S. L., Fredericks, E. M., & Miller, A. L. (2020) · Current Diabetes Reports · doi:10.1007/s11892-020-01321-z · Cited by 13
Selaskowski, B., Staerk, C., Braun, N., Matthies, S., Graf, E., Colla, M., Jacob, C., Sobanski, E., Alm, B., Roesler, M., et al. (2022) · Journal of Psychiatric Research · doi:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2022.03.049 · Cited by 11
Depreeuw, B., Eldar, S., Conroy, K., & Hofmann, S. G. (2017) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-56194-3_2 · Cited by 10
Ponomarev, R., Sklyar, S., Krasilnikova, V., & Savina, T. S. (2023) · Journal of Psycholinguistic Research · doi:10.1007/s10936-023-10003-2 · Cited by 9
“…mindfulness training has been shown to reduce ADHD symptoms, not just full DBT skills training aimed at developing emotional regulation, mindfulness, interpersonal effectiveness, and stress tolerance, as previously shown (Bayat et al., 2020 ; Hirvikoski et al., 2011; Mor-gensterns et al., 2016).”
RetractedGökçek, V. U., Bilican, F. I., & Görmez, A. (2024) · Psychotherapy Research · doi:10.1080/10503307.2024.2311773 · Cited by 12
“Previous studies varied in their findings on functionality improvement in DBT-ST recipients (Hirvikoski et al., 2011; Morgensterns et al., 2016; Nasri et al., 2017).”
InfluentialAttention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Symptoms and Later E-Cigarette and Tobacco Use in US Youths
McCabe, S., Pasman, E., Wilens, T. E., Boyd, C., Veliz, P., McCabe, V. V., Chen, B.-M., Dickinson, K., & Evans-Polce, R. J. (2025) · JAMA Network Open · doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.58834 · Cited by 5
Groß, S., Figge, C., Matthies, S., & Philipsen, A. (2015) · Der Nervenarzt · doi:10.1007/s00115-015-4328-3 · Cited by 9
Alda, J. A., Cardo, M. E., del Campo, P. D., García, A., Gurrea, A., & Izaguirre, J. (2017) · GuíaSalud eBooks · doi:10.46995/gpc_574 · Cited by 12
Metadata
- Authors
- Hirvikoski, T., Waaler, E., Alfredsson, J., Pihlgren, C., Holmström, A., Johnson, A., Rück, J., Wiwe, C., Bothén, P., & Nordström, A.-L.
- Affiliations
- Karolinska University Hospital (SE)
- Karolinska Institutet (SE)
- Corresponding author
- Hirvikoski, Tatja
- Venue
- Behaviour Research and Therapy
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2011-03
- Volume
- 49
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 175-185
- ISSN
- 0005-7967 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2009134112
- Cited by
- 182
- References
- 58
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 17 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 16 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 12 · 2019: 15 · 2018: 9 · 2017: 13 · 2016: 15 · 2015: 14 · 2014: 19 · 2013: 16 · 2012: 8
- FWCI
- 10.07
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Behaviour Research and Therapy (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Personality Disorders and Psychopathology
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Obsessive-Compulsive Spectrum Disorders
- Keywords
- adult ADHD, dialectical behavior therapy, skills training, group therapy, treatment feasibility, acceptability, symptom relief, medication status, comorbidities, outpatient psychiatric care
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Analysis of Variance, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity, Behavior Therapy, Female, Humans, Male, Outpatients, Psychotherapy, Group, Treatment Outcome, Patient Satisfaction
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