Cognitive behavioural therapy for ADHD in adults: systematic review and meta-analyses
Abstract
Systematically review and analyse the efficacy of CBT versus treatment as usual in adults with ADHD. The literature was systematically searched ending the 28 March 2014. Standardised mean differences (SMD) and 95% confidence intervals were calculated. CBT was efficacious in reducing symptoms of ADHD (SDM -1.0, 95% CI -1.5 to -0.5) when evaluated by the patients, but not when evaluated by a clinician. Symptoms of depression and anxiety were significantly reduced when self-reported (SMD -1.0, 95% CI -1.6 to -0.5 and -1.0, 95% CI -1.3 to -0.3, respectively) and evaluated by a clinician (SMD -0.9, 95% CI -1.7 to -0.2 and -0.9, 95% CI -1.6 to -0.1). The clinical global impression scores improved more in the group randomised to CBT (-1.0; 95% CI -1.6 to -0.4). CBT seems efficacious in some domains affecting adult patients with ADHD, but needs further evaluation.
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Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) has demonstrated significant effectiveness in supporting adults with ADHD with their executive functioning and mental health.
“Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) in particular has demonstrated significant effectiveness in supporting adults with ADHD with their executive functioning and mental health (Jensen et al. 2016; Knouse et al. 2017; Young et al. 2020).”
From “I Felt Like a Burden”: An Exploration Into the Experience of Romantic Relationships for People With ADHD (2026) · cites this paper as Jensen et al. 2016
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Happawana, K. (2025) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-032-06290-1_2
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Medikamente zur Behandlung von ADHS und anderen Entwicklungsstörungen
Heiser, P., & Clement, H. (2026) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-662-72452-1_10
Jannini, T. B., Ciocca, G., Giannini, T., Nagy, L., Koós, M., Kraus, S. W., Potenza, M. N., Demetrovics, Z., & Bőthe, B. (2026) · The British Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1192/bjp.2026.10691
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McGhee, C., Gustavson, D. E., Reynolds, C. A., Willcutt, E. G., & Friedman, N. P. (2026) · Development and Psychopathology · doi:10.1017/s0954579426101989
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- Authors
- Jensen, C. M., Amdisen, B. L., Jørgensen, K. J., & Arnfred, S. M. H.
- Affiliations
- Aalborg University Hospital (DK)
- Central Denmark Region (DK)
- Rigshospitalet (DK)
- University of Copenhagen (DK)
- Corresponding author
- Jensen, Christina Mohr
- Venue
- ADHD Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorders
- Published
- 2016-01-22
- Volume
- 8
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 3-11
- ISSN
- 1866-6116 (ISSN-L)
- 1866-6647
- OpenAlex
- W2284358717
- Cited by
- 81
- References
- 26
- Citations by year
- 2026: 10 · 2025: 9 · 2024: 11 · 2023: 11 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 8 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 10 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 2
- FWCI
- 1.14
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- ADHD Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorders (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Research at the University of Copenhagen (University of Copenhagen) (submittedVersion)
- VBN Forskningsportal (Aalborg Universitet) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Obsessive-Compulsive Spectrum Disorders
- Keywords
- cognitive behavioral therapy, adult ADHD, treatment efficacy, depression, anxiety, self-reported symptoms, clinical global impression
- MeSH terms
- Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity, Humans, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Treatment Outcome
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