Cited by 198Nitric Oxide and Endothelin EffectsCardiac Ischemia and ReperfusionHemoglobin structure and function

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Role of the anion nitrite in ischemia-reperfusion cytoprotection and therapeutics

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DEZFULIAN, C, RAAT, N, SHIVA, S, GLADWIN, M·2007·Cardiovascular Research

DOI 10.1016/j.cardiores.2007.05.001PMC PMC2002522

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Abstract

The anion nitrite (NO(2)(-)) constitutes a biochemical reservoir for nitric oxide (NO). Nitrite reduction to NO may be catalyzed by hemoglobin, myoglobin or other metal-containing enzymes and occurs at increasing rates under conditions of physiologic hypoxia or ischemia. A number of laboratories have now demonstrated in animal models the ability of nitrite to provide potent cytoprotection following focal ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury of the heart, liver, brain, and kidney. While the mechanism of nitrite-mediated cytoprotection remains to be fully characterized, the release of nitrite-derived NO following IR appears to be central to this mechanism. The evidence of nitrite-mediated cytoprotection against IR injury in multiple animal models opens the door to potential therapeutic opportunities in human disease. Here we review the mechanisms for nitrite formation in blood and tissue, its metabolic equilibrium with NO, nitrate, and NO-modified proteins, the evidence supporting nitrite-mediated cytoprotection, and the potential mechanisms driving cytoprotection, and we explore the opportunities for the therapeutic application of nitrite for human disease.

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See all 198

Authors: DEZFULIAN, C., RAAT, N., SHIVA, S., & GLADWIN, M.
Affiliations: National Institutes of Health (US)
Corresponding author: GLADWIN, M
ORCID: DEZFULIAN, C
SHIVA, S
GLADWIN, M
Venue: Cardiovascular Research
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Published: 2007-07-15
Volume: 75
Issue: 2
Pages: 327-338
ISSN: 0008-6363 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/j.cardiores.2007.05.001
PMC: PMC2002522
OpenAlex: W2128346933
Cited by: 198
References: 115
Citations by year: 2026: 1 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 8 · 2017: 10 · 2016: 11 · 2015: 12 · 2014: 15 · 2013: 15 · 2012: 21
FWCI: 12.24
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: green
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
Locations: Cardiovascular Research (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders: National Institutes of Health (Z99CL999999)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology (medical) › Nitric Oxide and Endothelin Effects
Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Cardiac Ischemia and Reperfusion
Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Biochemistry › Hemoglobin structure and function
Keywords: nitrite, nitric oxide, ischemia-reperfusion injury, cytoprotection, nitrite reduction, nitrate, hypoxia, heart, liver, brain, kidney
MeSH terms: Animals, Anions, Humans, Nitric Oxide, Nitrites, Signal Transduction, Reperfusion Injury, Cytoprotection, Models, Animal, Muscle Cells

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Role of the anion nitrite in ischemia-reperfusion cytoprotection and therapeutics

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