Steroid hormone 20-hydroxyecdysone promotes higher calcium mobilization to induce apoptosis
Abstract
Calcium ions are essential secondary messengers that regulate diverse cellular processes including gene transcription, cell proliferation, and apoptosis. The steroid hormone 20-hydroxyecdysone (20E) promotes programmed cell death during insect metamorphosis, whereas juvenile hormone (JH) counteracts 20E activity to prevent metamorphosis. Both 20E and JH can induce cellular calcium increase; however, the mechanisms and physiological consequences resulting from calcium increase caused by the two counteracting hormones are unclear. Here, using Helicoverpa armigera epidermal cell line, we show that 20E via a G-protein-coupled receptor induced a major calcium rise in the cells, whereas JH via receptor tyrosine kinase induced a minor calcium increase. The calcium release-activated calcium modulator 1 (Orai1) and transient receptor potential (TRP) channels were necessary for 20E-induced rapid calcium influx. A higher calcium level was maintained in a long time and more genes including Orai1 and TRP channels showed elevated expression after the treatment of 20E than did after JH treatment. Caspase3/7 activation, cell death and pro-apoptotic gene expression were elicited by 20E induction, but not by JH. JH could repress 20E-induced calcium influx, caspase3/7 activation and gene expression. Higher calcium levels induced apoptosis. These results suggest that 20E and JH via different pathways regulate calcium mobilization and homeostasis at different levels, thus inform different gene expression and cellular responses.
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High levels of 20E switch autophagy to apoptosis in the H. armigera midgut by increasing the Ca2+ levels in cells, thereby inducing apoptosis.
“The high levels of 20E switches autophagy to apoptosis in the H. armigera midgut by increasing the Ca2+ levels in cells [59], thereby inducing apoptosis [60].”
From G protein-coupled receptors function as cell membrane receptors for the steroid hormone 20-hydroxyecdysone (2020) · cites this paper as [60]
In H. armigera, high concentrations of 20E induce Ca2+ influx to switch autophagy to apoptosis in the midgut.
“In H. armigera, high concentrations of 20E induce Ca2+ influx to switch autophagy to apoptosis in the midgut [59, 60].”
From G protein-coupled receptors function as cell membrane receptors for the steroid hormone 20-hydroxyecdysone (2020) · cites this paper as [60]
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- Authors
- Wang, D., Pei, X.-Y., Zhao, W.-L., & Zhao, X.-F.
- Affiliations
- Shandong University (CN)
- Corresponding author
- Zhao, Xiao-Fan
- Venue
- Cell Calcium
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2016-07
- Volume
- 60
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 1-12
- ISSN
- 0143-4160 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2376719925
- Cited by
- 32
- References
- 59
- Citations by year
- 2025: 3 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 2
- FWCI
- 2.46
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Cell Calcium (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Natural Science Foundation of China (31572328, 31230067)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Sensory Systems › Ion Channels and Receptors
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Cell death mechanisms and regulation
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Physiology › Calcium signaling and nucleotide metabolism
- Keywords
- 20-hydroxyecdysone, juvenile hormone, calcium mobilization, apoptosis, insect metamorphosis, G protein-coupled receptors, receptor tyrosine kinase, Orai1, TRP channels, calcium influx, caspase-3/7 activation, Helicoverpa armigera, epidermal cells, calcium homeostasis
- MeSH terms
- Stromal Interaction Molecule 1, ORAI1 Protein, Animals, Calcium, Cell Line, Cytosol, Ecdysterone, Flow Cytometry, Homeostasis, Juvenile Hormones, Moths, Protein-Tyrosine Kinases, Calcium Channels, Apoptosis, Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled, Transient Receptor Potential Channels, Caspase 3, Caspase 7
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