Associations of depressive symptoms with serum proportions of palmitic and arachidonic acids, and α-tocopherol effects among male population – A preliminary study
Abstract
Background & aims Recent years, inflammation and oxidative stress have been addressed in relation to interactions between fatty acid (FA) and depression. To study the associations between FAs and depressive symptoms in men, serum FA proportion was compared with perceived depression. We also measured α-tocopherol (a-Toc) levels to investigate the associations with FA functions.Methods A cross-sectional study was performed on 113 male workers recruited from a software development company in Japan. Depressive symptoms were assessed according to the 20-item Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression (CES-D) scale. Twenty-four FAs in the serum from the peripheral blood were examined.Results CES-D scores were significantly positively correlated with the serum percentage of palmitic acid (PA), while they were negatively correlated with arachidonic acid (AA). The CES-D scores were not correlated with the serum ratio of docosahexaenoic acid or eicosapentaenoic acid (n-3 poly-unsaturated FAs (PUFAs)). CES-D scores were significantly negatively correlated with a-Toc/PA ratio (correlation: adjusting for possible confounders).Conclusions Although no associations were found between depressive symptoms and n-3 PUFA proportions in male population, depressive symptoms were positively correlated with PA percentages and negatively correlated with AA percentages. PA may increase neural vulnerability and AA may decrease the severity of depression. Moreover, a-Toc may have protective effects against depressive symptoms.
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Consumption of saturated fats and plasma concentrations of palmitate positively correlate with depressive symptoms and plasma C-reactive protein in humans.
“Consumption of saturated fats [26] and plasma concentrations of the saturated fatty acid palmitate [27] positively correlate with depressive symptoms and plasma levels of the acute phase reactant C-reactive protein (CRP) in humans.”
From The menace of obesity to depression and anxiety prevalence (2022) · cites this paper as [27]
Dietary-derived saturated fatty acids and erythrocyte content of saturated fatty acids positively correlate with circulating measures of CRP and can contribute to inflammation by favoring TLR4 signaling in macrophages.
“Dietary-derived saturated fatty acids [26] and erythrocyte content of saturated fatty acids (indicator of long-term consumption) [27], positively correlate with circulating measures of CRP and can contribute to inflammation by favoring TLR4 signaling in macrophages [67].”
From The menace of obesity to depression and anxiety prevalence (2022) · cites this paper as [27]
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- Authors
- Tsuboi, H., Watanabe, M., Kobayashi, F., Kimura, K., & Kinae, N.
- Affiliations
- Kanazawa University (JP)
- Aichi Medical University (JP)
- Shizuoka University (JP)
- Corresponding author
- Tsuboi, Hirohito
- Venue
- Clinical Nutrition
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2013-04
- Volume
- 32
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 289-293
- ISSN
- 0261-5614 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2074283665
- Cited by
- 42
- References
- 32
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 1 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 4 · 2015: 3 · 2014: 3 · 2013: 1 · 2012: 1
- FWCI
- 2.39
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Clinical Nutrition (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (25350883)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Fatty Acid Research and Health
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Biological Psychiatry › Tryptophan and brain disorders
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Nutritional Studies and Diet
- Keywords
- depressive symptoms, depression, serum fatty acids, palmitic acid, arachidonic acid, alpha-tocopherol, omega-3 fatty acids, docosahexaenoic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid, inflammation, oxidative stress, men
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Arachidonic Acids, Cross-Sectional Studies, Depression, Docosahexaenoic Acids, Humans, Japan, Life Style, Male, Surveys and Questionnaires, Eicosapentaenoic Acid, Oxidative Stress, Palmitic Acid, alpha-Tocopherol
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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