Cited by 587Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration MechanismsAlzheimer's disease research and treatmentsNeurological Disease Mechanisms and Treatments

Microglia, neuroinflammation, and beta-amyloid protein in Alzheimer’s disease

Cai, Zhiyou, Hussain, M. Delwar, Yan, Liang-Jun·2014·International Journal of Neuroscience

Abstract

Compelling evidence from basic molecular biology has demonstrated the dual roles of microglia in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). On one hand, microglia are involved in AD pathogenesis by releasing inflammatory mediators such as inflammatory cytokines, complement components, chemokines, and free radicals that are all known to contribute to beta-amyloid (Aβ) production and accumulation. On the other hand, microglia are also known to play a beneficial role in generating anti-Aβ antibodies and stimulating clearance of amyloid plaques. Aβ itself, an inducer of microglia activation and neuroinflammation, has been considered as an underlying and unifying factor in the development of AD. A vicious cycle of inflammation has been formed between Aβ accumulation, activated microglia, and microglial inflammatory mediators, which enhance Aβ deposition and neuroinflammation. Thus, inhibiting the vicious cycle seems to be a promising treatment to restrain further development of AD. With increasing research efforts on microglia in AD, intervention of microglia activation and neuroinflammation in AD may provide a potential target for AD therapy in spite of the provisional failure of nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs in clinical trials.

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Registry

Crossref · 10.3109/00207454.2013.833510

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Authors
Cai, Z., Hussain, M. D., & Yan, L.-J.
Affiliations
  • Anhui Medical University (CN)
  • Texas A&M Health Science Center (US)
  • University of North Texas Health Science Center (US)
Corresponding author
Cai, Zhiyou
Venue
International Journal of Neuroscience
Published
2013-09-12
Volume
124
Issue
5
Pages
307-321
ISSN
  • 0020-7454 (ISSN-L)
  • 1543-5245
OpenAlex
W2096407545
Cited by
583
References
234
Citations by year
2026: 17 · 2025: 45 · 2024: 72 · 2023: 86 · 2022: 67 · 2021: 82 · 2020: 72 · 2019: 54 · 2018: 45 · 2017: 13 · 2016: 14 · 2015: 12 · 2014: 3 · 2013: 1
FWCI
0.97
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • International Journal of Neuroscience (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Alzheimer's disease research and treatments
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Neurological Disease Mechanisms and Treatments
Keywords
microglia, neuroinflammation, amyloid-beta, Alzheimer's disease, microglial activation, inflammatory cytokines, complement system, chemokines, free radicals, amyloid plaque clearance, anti-amyloid antibodies, anti-inflammatory therapy
MeSH terms
Alzheimer Disease, Humans, Inflammation, Amyloid beta-Peptides, Microglia

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