Cited by 71Eating Disorders and BehaviorsNutrition, Health and Food BehaviorObesity, Physical Activity, Diet

Attentional and motor impulsivity interactively predict ‘food addiction’ in obese individuals

Meule, Adrian, de Zwaan, Martina, Müller, Astrid·2017·Comprehensive Psychiatry

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Impulsivity is a multifaceted construct and constitutes a common risk factor for a range of behaviors associated with poor self-control (e.g., substance use or binge eating). The short form of the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale (BIS-15) measures impulsive behaviors related to attentional (inability to focus attention or concentrate), motor (acting without thinking), and non-planning (lack of future orientation or forethought) impulsivity. Eating-related measures appear to be particularly related to attentional and motor impulsivity and recent findings suggest that interactive effects between these two facets may play a role in eating- and weight-regulation. METHODS: One-hundred thirty-three obese individuals presenting for bariatric surgery (77.4% female) completed the BIS-15 and the Yale Food Addiction Scale (YFAS) 2.0, which measures addiction-like eating based on the eleven symptoms of substance use disorder outlined in the fifth version of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. RESULTS: Sixty-three participants (47.4%) were classified as being 'food addicted'. Scores on attentional and motor impulsivity interactively predicted 'food addiction' status: higher attentional impulsivity was associated with a higher likelihood of receiving a YFAS 2.0 diagnosis only at high (+1 SD), but not at low (-1 SD) levels of motor impulsivity. CONCLUSIONS: Results support previous findings showing that non-planning impulsivity does not appear to play a role in eating-related self-regulation. Furthermore, this is the first study that shows interactive effects between different impulsivity facets when predicting 'food addiction' in obese individuals. Self-regulatory failure in eating-regulation (e.g., addiction-like overeating) may particularly emerge when both attentional and motor impulsivity levels are elevated.

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  1. [5][5] Wilson GT. Eating disorders, obesity and addiction. European Eating Disorders Review. 2010;18:341-51. -

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Authors
Meule, A., de Zwaan, M., & Müller, A.
Affiliations
  • University of Salzburg (AT)
  • Medizinische Hochschule Hannover (DE)
Corresponding author
Meule, Adrian
Venue
Comprehensive Psychiatry
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2017-01
Volume
72
Pages
83-87
ISSN
0010-440X (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W2528078041
Cited by
71
References
50
Citations by year
2026: 2 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 8 · 2020: 12 · 2019: 8 · 2018: 8 · 2017: 8 · 2016: 1
FWCI
11.14
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • Comprehensive Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion)
Funders
European Research Council (ERC-StG-2014 639445 NewEat)
Topics
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Eating Disorders and Behaviors
  • Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Nutrition, Health and Food Behavior
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Obesity, Physical Activity, Diet
Keywords
food addiction, impulsivity, attentional impulsivity, motor impulsivity, non-planning impulsivity, obesity, binge eating, eating self-regulation, Barratt Impulsiveness Scale, Yale Food Addiction Scale, bariatric surgery candidates, interaction effects
MeSH terms
Adult, Feeding and Eating Disorders, Attention, Female, Humans, Hyperphagia, Impulsive Behavior, Male, Middle Aged, Obesity, Predictive Value of Tests, Surveys and Questionnaires, Behavior, Addictive, Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Bariatric Surgery, Binge-Eating Disorder

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