Multidimensional assessment of impulsivity in relation to obesity and food addiction
Open accessAbstract
Based on similarities between overconsumption of food and addictive drugs, there is increasing interest in "food addiction," a compulsive eating pattern defined using symptoms parallel to substance use disorders. Impulsivity, a multidimensional construct robustly linked to drug addiction, has been increasingly examined as an obesity determinant, but with mixed findings. This study sought to clarify relations between three major domains of impulsivity (i.e., impulsive personality traits, discounting of delayed rewards, and behavioral inhibition) in both obesity and food addiction. Based on the association between impulsivity and compulsive drug use, the general hypothesis was that the impulsivity-food addiction relation would be stronger than and responsible for the impulsivity-obesity relation. Using a cross-sectional dimensional design, participants (N = 181; 32% obese) completed a biometric assessment, the Yale Food Addiction Scale (YFAS), the UPPS-P Impulsive Behavior Scales, a Go/NoGo task, and measures of monetary delay discounting. Results revealed significantly higher prevalence of food addiction among obese participants and stronger zero-order associations between impulsivity indices and YFAS compared to obesity. Two aspects of impulsivity were independently significantly associated with food addiction: (a) a composite of Positive and Negative Urgency, reflecting proneness to act impulsively during intense mood states, and (b) steep discounting of delayed rewards. Furthermore, the results supported food addiction as a mediator connecting both urgency and delay discounting with obesity. These findings provide further evidence linking impulsivity to food addiction and obesity, and suggest that food addiction may be a candidate etiological pathway to obesity for individuals exhibiting elevations in these domains.
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Food addiction has been reported as a mediator between impulsivity and obesity.
“Given that FA has been reported as a mediator between impulsivity and obesity [102]”
From Separating the Signal from the Noise: How Psychiatric Diagnoses Can Help Discern Food Addiction from Dietary Restraint (2020) · cites this paper as [102]
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- Authors
- VanderBroek-Stice, L., Stojek, M. K., Beach, S. R. H., vanDellen, M. R., & MacKillop, J.
- Affiliations
- University of Georgia (US)
- Corresponding author
- MacKillop, James
- Venue
- Appetite
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2017-05
- Volume
- 112
- Pages
- 59-68
- ISSN
- 0195-6663 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC5344714
- OpenAlex
- W2570132551
- Cited by
- 148
- References
- 58
- Citations by year
- 2026: 7 · 2025: 10 · 2024: 11 · 2023: 17 · 2022: 13 · 2021: 26 · 2020: 22 · 2019: 15 · 2018: 18 · 2017: 9
- FWCI
- 21.71
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Appetite (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Lincoln (University of Nebraska) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- University of Georgia Obesity Initiative
- NIH (P30 DA027827)
- Peter Boris Chair
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Eating Disorders and Behaviors
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Nutrition, Health and Food Behavior
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Obesity, Physical Activity, Diet
- Keywords
- impulsivity, food addiction, obesity, delay discounting, positive urgency, negative urgency, behavioral inhibition, compulsive eating, UPPS-P, go/no-go task, Yale Food Addiction Scale, mediation, overeating
- MeSH terms
- Food Addiction, Adolescent, Adult, Affect, Cross-Sectional Studies, Eating, Feeding Behavior, Female, Humans, Impulsive Behavior, Inhibition, Psychological, Male, Obesity, Personality, Reward, Body Mass Index, Prevalence, Behavior, Addictive, Young Adult, Delay Discounting
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