Neural circuits and motivational processes for hunger
Open accessAbstract
How does an organism's internal state direct its actions? At one moment an animal forages for food with acrobatic feats such as tree climbing and jumping between branches. At another time, it travels along the ground to find water or a mate, exposing itself to predators along the way. These behaviors are costly in terms of energy or physical risk, and the likelihood of performing one set of actions relative to another is strongly modulated by internal state. For example, an animal in energy deficit searches for food and a dehydrated animal looks for water. The crosstalk between physiological state and motivational processes influences behavioral intensity and intent, but the underlying neural circuits are poorly understood. Molecular genetics along with optogenetic and pharmacogenetic tools for perturbing neuron function have enabled cell type-selective dissection of circuits that mediate behavioral responses to physiological state changes. Here, we review recent progress into neural circuit analysis of hunger in the mouse by focusing on a starvation-sensitive neuron population in the hypothalamus that is sufficient to promote voracious eating. We also consider research into the motivational processes that are thought to underlie hunger in order to outline considerations for bridging the gap between homeostatic and motivational neural circuits.
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Distinct neural circuits motivate the need to obtain food to alleviate the negative state of hunger.
“and the need to obtain food to alleviate the negative state of hunger (Chen et al., 2015, Sternson et al., 2013).”
From Dorsal raphe dopamine neurons represent the experience of social isolation (2016) · cites this paper as Sternson et al., 2013
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- Authors
- Sternson, S. M., Nicholas Betley, J., & Cao, Z. F. H.
- Affiliations
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute (US)
- Corresponding author
- Sternson, Scott M
- Venue
- Current Opinion in Neurobiology
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2013-06
- Volume
- 23
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 353-360
- ISSN
- 0959-4388 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC3948161
- OpenAlex
- W1971104905
- Cited by
- 108
- References
- 73
- Citations by year
- 2026: 12 · 2025: 10 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 8 · 2019: 12 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 13 · 2015: 9 · 2014: 2 · 2013: 3
- FWCI
- 1.07
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- europepmc.org
- Locations
- Current Opinion in Neurobiology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Regulation of Appetite and Obesity
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neurobiology and Insect Physiology Research
- Keywords
- hunger, neural circuits, motivation, hypothalamus, energy homeostasis, feeding behavior, internal state
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Behavior, Eating, Humans, Hunger, Motivation, Neural Pathways, Neurons, Mice
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