Posttraumatic growth in cancer: Reality or illusion?

Sumalla, Enric C.; Ochoa, Cristian; Blanco, Ignacio

doi:10.1016/j.cpr.2008.09.006

Cited by 291Cancer survivorship and carePosttraumatic Stress Disorder ResearchResilience and Mental Health

Posttraumatic growth in cancer: Reality or illusion?

Sumalla, Enric C., Ochoa, Cristian, Blanco, Ignacio·2009·Clinical Psychology Review

DOI 10.1016/j.cpr.2008.09.006

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Abstract

Research in posttraumatic growth (PTG) among cancer patients has been triggered primarily by the inclusion of serious illnesses among the events that can lead to posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD); increasing survival rates among cancer patients; and, attempts at encouraging a positive psychology that focuses on a patient's ability to fight adversity. The difficulties encountered in clearly defining the processes associated with this subjective feeling of growth following recovery raise doubts concerning the real or illusory nature of the phenomenon and its adaptative value. This paper explains why cancer may be different than other traumas and why PTG may interact with this ecology of circumstances in different ways. Difficulty in identifying a single stressor, the internal source of the event, cancer as a future, ongoing and chronic integration threat, and greater perceived control differences between cancer and others traumas. This review brings together the latest studies of PTG in cancer, and focuses in the debate of the real or illusory nature of the PTG and his adaptative value. The ongoing threat, uncertainty and vulnerability associated with cancer are the variables that have been related most consistently with PTG and tend to confuse the relationship between PTG and emotional well-being, too.

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Cancer is a particularly aversive event and a number of characteristics need to be delineated, including difficulty identifying a single stressor and multiple stressors such as diagnosis, severity, prognosis, and treatment aggressiveness.
“Sumalla et al. [17] indicate that cancer is a particularly aversive event and a number of characteristics need to be delineated. Among these, it may be difficult to identify a single stressor. There may be multiple stressors, including the diagnosis of the disease, its severity, the prognosis, the aggressiveness of treatment, etc.”
From Retrospective and prospective measures of post-traumatic growth reflect different processes: longitudinal evidence of greater decline than growth following a hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation (2021) · cites this paper as [17]
Contrary to an acute stress, the temporal delimitation of the traumatic event in the case of cancer is not as perceptible or delimited for various reasons such as the risk of relapse.
“For example, contrary to an acute stress, the temporal delimitation of the traumatic event in the case of cancer is not as perceptible or delimited for various reasons such as the risk of relapse.”
From Retrospective and prospective measures of post-traumatic growth reflect different processes: longitudinal evidence of greater decline than growth following a hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation (2021) · cites this paper as [17]

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Authors: Sumalla, E. C., Ochoa, C., & Blanco, I.
Affiliations: Institut Català d'Oncologia (ES)
Corresponding author: Blanco, Ignacio
ORCID: Sumalla, Enric C.
Ochoa, Cristian
Blanco, Ignacio
Venue: Clinical Psychology Review
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 2009-02
Volume: 29
Issue: 1
Pages: 24-33
ISSN: 0272-7358 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/j.cpr.2008.09.006
OpenAlex: W2024731216
Cited by: 290
References: 70
Citations by year: 2026: 10 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 19 · 2022: 16 · 2021: 24 · 2020: 11 · 2019: 15 · 2018: 18 · 2017: 19 · 2016: 22 · 2015: 22 · 2014: 23 · 2013: 20 · 2012: 18
FWCI: 1.28
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
www.elsevier.com/legal/tdmrep-license (tdm)
Locations: Clinical Psychology Review (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Cancer survivorship and care
Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Research
Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Resilience and Mental Health
Keywords: posttraumatic growth, cancer patients, post-traumatic stress disorder, perceived control, uncertainty, vulnerability, emotional well-being, positive psychology
MeSH terms: Body Image, Genetic Counseling, Humans, Life Change Events, Neoplasms, Self Concept, Social Identification, Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic

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Posttraumatic growth in cancer: Reality or illusion?

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