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The Resting Human Brain and Motor Learning
Open accessAbstract
Functionally related brain networks are engaged even in the absence of an overt behavior. The role of this resting state activity, evident as low-frequency fluctuations of BOLD (see [1] for review, [2-4]) or electrical [5, 6] signals, is unclear. Two major proposals are that resting state activity supports introspective thought or supports responses to future events [7]. An alternative perspective is that the resting brain actively and selectively processes previous experiences [8]. Here we show that motor learning can modulate subsequent activity within resting networks. BOLD signal was recorded during rest periods before and after an 11 min visuomotor training session. Motor learning but not motor performance modulated a fronto-parietal resting state network (RSN). Along with the fronto-parietal network, a cerebellar network not previously reported as an RSN was also specifically altered by learning. Both of these networks are engaged during learning of similar visuomotor tasks [9-22]. Thus, we provide the first description of the modulation of specific RSNs by prior learning--but not by prior performance--revealing a novel connection between the neuroplastic mechanisms of learning and resting state activity. Our approach may provide a powerful tool for exploration of the systems involved in memory consolidation.
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“Clusters of brain regions involved in motor learning can be recognized, both at rest (Albert, Robertson, & Miall, 2009;Biswal, Yetkin, Haughton, & Hyde, 1995;Wu, Srinivasan, Kaur, & Cramer, 2014) and in-task (Hasan et al., 2013).”
From Optimizing performance through intrinsic motivation and attention for learning: The OPTIMAL theory of motor learning (2016) · cites this paper as Albert, Robertson, & Miall, 2009
In the citing paper
“Importantly, functional connectivity is related to motor skill learning (Albert et al., 2009;Song, Gotts, Dayan, & Cohen, 2015) and to higher levels of motor skill (Di, Zhu, Jin, Wang, Ye, Zhou et al., 2012;Ito, Matsuda, & Shimojo, 2015;Kim, Han, Kim, & Han, 2015;Milton, Solodkin, Hluštík, & Small, 2007;Li, He, Huang, Zhang, Lu, Lai et al., 2015).”
From Optimizing performance through intrinsic motivation and attention for learning: The OPTIMAL theory of motor learning (2016) · cites this paper as Albert et al., 2009
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fMRI resting state networks define distinct modes of long-distance interactions in the human brain
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InfluentialElectrophysiological correlates of the brain's intrinsic large-scale functional architecture
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BackgroundThrowing while looking through prisms. I. Focal olivocerebellar lesions impair adaptation
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BackgroundMotor learning in man: A review of functional and clinical studies
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Current concepts in procedural consolidation
Robertson, E. M., Pascual-Leone, A., & Miall, R. C. (2004) · Nature Reviews Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nrn1426 · Cited by 530 · cited 1×
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Awareness Modifies the Skill-Learning Benefits of Sleep
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Encyclopedia of the human brain
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BackgroundSelf-citationOffline Persistence of Memory-Related Cerebral Activity during Active Wakefulness
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Adaptation to a Visuomotor Shift Depends on the Starting Posture
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MethodSelf-citationIpsidirectional impairment of prism adaptation after unilateral lesion of anterior cerebellum
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The Human Dorsal Premotor Cortex Generates On-Line Error Corrections during Sensorimotor Adaptation
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Functional Imaging: Is the Resting Brain Resting?
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Self-citationLearning to discriminate complex movements: Biological versus artificial trajectories
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Self-citationOne memory, two ways to consolidate?
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Dynamic functional connectivity: Promise, issues, and interpretations
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“For instance, functional connectivity is modulated by cognitive (47) and emotional state (48), arousal, and sleep (26), whereas structural connectivity is grossly unaffected by such factors.”
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Neuroplasticity Subserving Motor Skill Learning
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InfluentialSpreng, R. N., Stevens, W. D., Chamberlain, J. P., Gilmore, A. W., & Schacter, D. L. (2010) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2010.06.016 · Cited by 1,256
“The frontoparietal control network, composed of rostrolateral prefrontal cortex (RLPFC), middle frontal gyrus (MFG), anterior insula/frontal operculum (aIfO), dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC), precuneus (PCu), and anterior inferior parietal lobule (aIPL), is anatomically interposed between the default and dorsa…”
Influential
Metadata
- Authors
- Albert, N. B., Robertson, E. M., & Miall, R. C.
- Affiliations
- University of Chicago (US)
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center (US)
- University of Birmingham (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Miall, R. Chris
- Venue
- Current Biology
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2009-06
- Volume
- 19
- Issue
- 12
- Pages
- 1023-1027
- ISSN
- 0960-9822 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC2701987
- OpenAlex
- W2117914711
- Cited by
- 510
- References
- 44
- Citations by year
- 2026: 8 · 2025: 13 · 2024: 23 · 2023: 23 · 2022: 29 · 2021: 26 · 2020: 24 · 2019: 17 · 2018: 30 · 2017: 38 · 2016: 39 · 2015: 47 · 2014: 54 · 2013: 35 · 2012: 31
- FWCI
- 16.78
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Current Biology (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- University of Birmingham Institutional Research Archive (University of Birmingham) (acceptedVersion)
- ENLIGHTEN (Jurnal Bimbingan dan Konseling Islam) (acceptedVersion)
- Digital Access to Scholarship at Harvard (DASH) (Harvard University) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- University of Birmingham Research Portal (University of Birmingham) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Funders
- Wellcome Trust (069439)
- National Institutes of Health (R01 NS051446)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Functional Brain Connectivity Studies
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural dynamics and brain function
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Motor Control and Adaptation
- Keywords
- resting-state networks, motor learning, visuomotor training, frontoparietal network, cerebellar network, BOLD signal, neuroplasticity, memory consolidation
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Brain, Brain Mapping, Female, Humans, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Motor Skills, Psychomotor Performance, Random Allocation, Rest, Young Adult
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