Whole-night continuous rocking entrains spontaneous neural oscillations with benefits for sleep and memory
Open accessAbstract
Sensory processing continues during sleep and can influence brain oscillations. We previously showed that a gentle rocking stimulation (0.25 Hz), during an afternoon nap, facilitates wake-sleep transition and boosts endogenous brain oscillations (i.e., EEG spindles and slow oscillations [SOs]). Here, we tested the hypothesis that the rhythmic rocking stimulation synchronizes sleep oscillations, a neurophysiological mechanism referred to as "neural entrainment." We analyzed EEG brain responses related to the stimulation recorded from 18 participants while they had a full night of sleep on a rocking bed. Moreover, because sleep oscillations are considered of critical relevance for memory processes, we also investigated whether rocking influences overnight declarative memory consolidation. We first show that, compared to a stationary night, continuous rocking shortened the latency to non-REM (NREM) sleep and strengthened sleep maintenance, as indexed by increased NREM stage 3 (N3) duration and fewer arousals. These beneficial effects were paralleled by an increase in SOs and in slow and fast spindles during N3, without affecting the physiological SO-spindle phase coupling. We then confirm that, during the rocking night, overnight memory consolidation was enhanced and also correlated with the increase in fast spindles, whose co-occurrence with the SO up-state is considered to foster cortical synaptic plasticity. Finally, supporting the hypothesis that a rhythmic stimulation entrains sleep oscillations, we report a temporal clustering of spindles and SOs relative to the rocking cycle. Altogether, these findings demonstrate that a continuous rocking stimulation strengthens deep sleep via the neural entrainment of intrinsic sleep oscillations.
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- Authors
- Perrault, A. A., Khani, A., Quairiaux, C., Kompotis, K., Franken, P., Muhlethaler, M., Schwartz, S., & Bayer, L.
- Affiliations
- University of Geneva (CH)
- University of Lausanne (CH)
- Corresponding author
- Perrault, Aurore A.
- Bayer, Laurence
- ORCID
- Venue
- Current Biology
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2019-02
- Volume
- 29
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 402-411.e3
- ISSN
- 0960-9822 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2914936922
- Semantic Scholar
- f3316343bbdeb91769272940b71afce53add02d3
- Cited by
- 113
- References
- 81
- Citations by year
- 2026: 10 · 2025: 13 · 2024: 19 · 2023: 17 · 2022: 11 · 2021: 17 · 2020: 16 · 2019: 10
- FWCI
- 7.85
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Current Biology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Archive ouverte UNIGE (University of Geneva) (publishedVersion, other-oa)
- IRIS (submittedVersion)
- SERVAL (Université de Lausanne) (submittedVersion)
- Archive ouverte UNIGE (University of Geneva) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Funders
- Swiss National Science Foundation (CR3113_149731)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Sleep and Wakefulness Research
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Sleep and related disorders
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural dynamics and brain function
- Keywords
- neural entrainment, sleep oscillations, EEG spindles, slow oscillations, sleep maintenance, NREM sleep, memory consolidation, declarative memory, arousal, synaptic plasticity
- MeSH terms
- Memory Consolidation, Adult, Brain, Electroencephalography, Electromyography, Electrooculography, Female, Humans, Male, Motion, Sleep, Vestibule, Labyrinth, Polysomnography, Cross-Over Studies, Young Adult
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