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Cited by 617Sleep and Wakefulness ResearchNeural dynamics and brain functionMemory and Neural Mechanisms

Grouping of spindle activity during slow oscillations in human non-rapid eye movement sleep

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Mölle, Matthias, Marshall, Lisa, Gais, Steffen, Born, Jan·2002·The Journal of Neuroscience
DOI 10.1523/jneurosci.22-24-10941.2002PMC PMC6758415
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Abstract

Based on findings primarily in cats, the grouping of spindle activity and fast brain oscillations by slow oscillations during slow-wave sleep (SWS) has been proposed to represent an essential feature in the processing of memories during sleep. We examined whether a comparable grouping of spindle and fast activity coinciding with slow oscillations can be found in human SWS. For negative and positive half-waves of slow oscillations (dominant frequency, 0.7-0.8 Hz) identified during SWS in humans (n = 13), wave-triggered averages of root mean square (rms) activity in the theta (4-8 Hz), alpha (8-12 Hz), spindle (12-15 Hz), and beta (15-25 Hz) range were formed. Slow positive half-waves were linked to a pronounced and microV (23.4%; p < 0.001, with reference to baseline) at the midline central electrode (Cz). In contrast, spindle activity was suppressed during slow negative half-waves, on average by -0.65 +/- 0.06 microV at Cz (-22%; p < 0.001). An increase in spindle activity 400-500 msec after negative half-waves was more than twofold the increase during slow positive half-waves (p < 0.001). A similar although less pronounced dynamic was observed for beta activity, but not for alpha and theta frequencies. Discrete spindles identified during stages 2 and 3 of non-rapid eye movement (REM) sleep coincided with a discrete slow positive half-wave-like potential preceded by a pronounced negative half-wave (p < 0.01). These results provide the first evidence in humans of grouping of spindle and beta activity during slow oscillations. They support the concept that phases of cortical depolarization during slow oscillations, reflected by surface-positive (depth-negative) field potentials, drive the thalamocortical spindle activity. The drive is particularly strong during cortical depolarization, expressed as surface-positive field potentials.

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  • During human slow wave sleep (SWS), the EEG shows predominant slow wave activity (SWA), defined by the 0.5- to 4.0-Hz frequency band and including <1-Hz slow oscillations with a peak frequency of 0.8 Hz.

    “During human slow wave sleep (SWS), the EEG shows predominant slow wave activity (SWA), which is defined by the 0.5-to 4.0-Hz frequency band and includes the Ͻ1-Hz slow oscillations with a peak frequency of 0.8 Hz (7,830).”

    From About Sleep's Role in Memory (2013) · cites this paper as [830]

    The Discussion reports a clear EEG power peak at 0.7–0.8 Hz during human SWS and identifies it as a <1-Hz slow oscillation. The paper does not define slow-wave activity as the 0.5–4.0-Hz band; its figure caption instead labels 0.16–4 Hz as the slow-oscillation band used for analysis. (LLM, conf=0.85)

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  • Generation of spindles in the thalamus and generation of SW-Rs in the hippocampus are distinctly suppressed during the down-phase of the slow oscillation, followed by a rebound in spindle and SW-R activity during the succeeding depolarizing up-state.

    “Generation of spindles in the thalamus and generation of SW-Rs in the hippocampus are distinctly suppressed during the down-phase of the slow oscillation, and this is followed by a rebound in spindle and SW-R activity during the succeeding depolarizing up-state (66, 215, 597, 829 -832, 925, 1088).”

    From About Sleep's Role in Memory (2013) · cites this paper as [830]

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  • Alpha and theta bands play a pivotal role in retrieval of episodic mnestic traces during wakefulness.

    “However, it should be also noted that the alpha, as well as theta band, play a pivotal role in the retrieval of the episodic mnestic traces during wakefulness as previous mentioned (Klimesch, 1999; Mölle et al., 2002).”

    From The Functional Role of Dreaming in Emotional Processes (2019) · cites this paper as Mölle et al., 2002

    The Results (page not provided) discuss alpha and theta activity during sleep, but not episodic-memory retrieval during wakefulness. The Discussion (page not provided) concerns possible memory reprocessing during sleep. Searches for wakeful episodic retrieval and alpha/theta memory retrieval found no passage addressing the claim. (LLM, conf=0.77)

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Authors
Mölle, M., Marshall, L., Gais, S., & Born, J.
Affiliations
University of Lübeck (DE)
ORCID
Venue
The Journal of Neuroscience
Publisher
Society for Neuroscience
Published
2002-12-15
Volume
22
Issue
24
Pages
10941-10947
ISSN
  • 0270-6474 (ISSN-L)
  • 1529-2401
DOI
10.1523/jneurosci.22-24-10941.2002
PMC
PMC6758415
OpenAlex
W1767160910
Cited by
617
References
39
Citations by year
2026: 18 · 2025: 21 · 2024: 28 · 2023: 25 · 2022: 35 · 2021: 26 · 2020: 34 · 2019: 43 · 2018: 28 · 2017: 43 · 2016: 34 · 2015: 35 · 2014: 15 · 2013: 31 · 2012: 33
FWCI
4.34
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Journal of Neuroscience (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Sleep and Wakefulness Research
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural dynamics and brain function
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory and Neural Mechanisms
Keywords
sleep spindles, slow oscillations, slow-wave sleep, REM sleep, beta oscillations, cortical depolarization, thalamocortical activity, memory consolidation
MeSH terms
Adolescent, Adult, Electroencephalography, Humans, Kinetics, Male, Periodicity, Sleep, Sleep, REM

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